Abdomen

Question 1

trouble swallowing

Answer 1

dysphagia

Question 2

consideration if person has dysphagia

Answer 2

aspiratie pneumonia

Question 3

parts of the right upper quadrant RUQ

Answer 3

liver
gallbladder
duodenum
head of pancreas
R kidney & adrenal
hepatic flexure of colon
part of ascending and transverse colon

Question 4

parts of the left upper quadrant LUQ

Answer 4

stomach
spleen
L lobe of liver
body of pancreas
L kidney & adrenal
splenic flexure of colon
part of transverse and descending colon

Question 5

parts of the right lower quadrant RLQ

Answer 5

cecum
appendix
R ovary & tube
R ureter
R spermatic cord

Question 6

parts of left lower quadrant

Answer 6

part of descending colon
sigmoid colon
L ovary and tube
L ureter
L spermatic cord

Question 7

aorta
uterus (if enlarged)
bladder (if enlarged)

Answer 7

midline

Question 8

where would you see the female menstrual?

Answer 8

hypogastric

Question 9

what are the developmental considerations of infants and children?

Answer 9

liver larger
bladder higher in abdomen
abdomen less muscular

Question 10

what does the liver do?

Answer 10

metabolizes

Question 11

what are the developmental considerations of a pregnant woman?

Answer 11

nausea and vomiting
heartburn
intestines displaced upward and posteriorly
decrease in bowel sounds
skin changes (striae)
gerd

Question 12

why do we see nausea and vomiting in a pregnant woman?

Answer 12

lots of progesterone

Question 13

heartburn

Answer 13

pyrosis

Question 14

esophageal cancer when long cells turn to round cells

Answer 14

Barretts Esophagus (prilasec, zantec)

Question 15

what are some developmental stages seen in older adults?

Answer 15

fat
decrease in saliva
esophageal emptying delayed
decrease in gastric acid
decrease in B12
decrease in liver size
decrease in appetite
decrease in blood flow
increase in gallstones 
increase in constipation

Question 16

with older adults we see a decrease in b12 because of what?

Answer 16

decrease in gastric acid

Question 17

a decrease in B12 can cause

Answer 17

pernicious anemia

Question 18

who do we see an increase in gallstones in?

Answer 18

fair skin, fat, forty

Question 19

with a decrease in blood flow what goes along with that?

Answer 19

takes longer to metabolize drugs (toxicity)

Question 20

intermittent diarrhea or constipation?

Answer 20

irritable bowel syndrome

Question 21

what do you do if IBS?

Answer 21

eat small frequent meals

Question 22

what will IBS not do?

Answer 22

won’t show up on scan

Question 23

what are the 3 types of abdominal pain?

Answer 23

visceral
parietal
referred

Question 24

from internal organ (dull, general, precisely localized

Answer 24

visceral pain

Question 25

inflammation of overlying peritoneum (sharp, poorly localized, aggravated by movement) everywhere

Answer 25

parietal pain

Question 26

from disorder in one area to another

Answer 26

referred pain

Question 27

what is an example of parietal pain?

Answer 27

ruptured appendix

Question 28

burning

Answer 28

peptic ulcer

Question 29

cramping

Answer 29

biliary colic/renal stone

Question 30

severe cramping

Answer 30

appendicitis

Question 31

stabbing

Answer 31

pancreatitis

Question 32

severe cramping starts at belly button and moves to RLQ

Answer 32

appendicitis

Question 33

gradual onset of pain

Answer 33

infection

Question 34

acute pain; awakens patient

Answer 34

duodenal cancer

Question 35

LOC changes

Answer 35

acute pancreatitis, perforated ulcer, ruptured ectopic pregnancy, intestinal obstruction

Question 36

It is important to find out adolescents

Answer 36

body image and food diary

Question 37

what is the order of an abdomen assessment

Answer 37

inspect ascultate percuss palpate

Question 38

what is important when assessing infants?

Answer 38

have them stay in moms lap

Question 39

what is important when inspecting

Answer 39

``` pillow under head and knees to relax stomach contour characteristic pulsations movements ```

Question 40

what do you use when listening to the bowels and aorta

Answer 40

bowels--diaphragm | aorta--bell

Question 41

what do you listen to?

Answer 41

4 quadrants for bowel sounds | aorta, R/L renal aorta, R/L iliac arteries

Question 42

rumbling of the guts

Answer 42

borborygmus

Question 43

what are the four types of contour that describe the nutritional state?

Answer 43

flat rounded scaphoid (sunken in) protuberant (severe out)

Question 44

swooshing over arteries

Answer 44

murmur

Question 45

what do you percuss?

Answer 45

liver and 4 quads and CVA tenderness

Question 46

what should you hear over liver?

Answer 46

dull

Question 47

what should you hear over 4 quads

Answer 47

tympany throughout

Question 48

what do you percuss CVA tenderness for?

Answer 48

kidneys

Question 49

What do you palpate?

Answer 49

4 quads light 4 quads deep R costal margin for liver midline aorta

Question 50

how do you palpate the liver?

Answer 50

shove against costal margin or hooking technique

Question 51

rebound tenderness

Answer 51

blumberg's sign

Question 52

inflammation of the gallbladder

Answer 52

cholecystitis

Question 53

take a deep breath and palpate gallbladder will hurt on inspiration

Answer 53

murphy sign (inspiratory arrest)

Question 54

use when acute abdominal pain of appendicitis is suspected..lift leg..pain will be in RLQ

Answer 54

iliopsoas muscle test

Question 55

when does a newborns umbilical stump dry?

Answer 55

2 weeks

Question 56

when does a umbilical hernia appear

Answer 56

2-3 weeks and disappears by 1 year

Question 57

what does an infant have

Answer 57

abdomen respiratory movement

Question 58

when palpating an infant have mom

Answer 58

flex knee with one hand and palpate with the other

Question 59

what is normally palpable in an infant

Answer 59

liver

Question 60

what is important to watch when palpating

Answer 60

facial expressions

Question 61

fast food--colicy pain

Answer 61

gallbladder

Question 62

shoulder pain

Answer 62

gallbladder

Question 63

burning pain under rib cage---laying down at night and burning

Answer 63

drink milk and crackers

Question 64

what tributes heartburn

Answer 64

obesity

Question 65

lymph organ making lymphocytes to fight for us

Answer 65

spleen

Question 66

what do we not palpate for?

Answer 66

spleen

Question 67

why do we not palpate for spleen?

Answer 67

it could rupture and we could bleed to death

Question 68

what can expand to 3xs its size?

Answer 68

spleen

Question 69

what is protected by back of ribcage?

Answer 69

kidneys