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Exam 11 > ABG > Flashcards

ABG Flashcards

1
Q

Normal blood pH

A

7.4

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2
Q

Difference in sums of strong (or abundant) cations and anions. Should approximate Bicarb

A

Stewart’s strong ion difference

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3
Q

If you infuse person with acid

A

They start breathing more deeply and more rapidly, kussmal breathing

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4
Q

Protein metabolism produces

A

Phosphorus and sulfur

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5
Q

PCO2, PO2, and pH

A

Directly measured

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6
Q

O2 sat and Bicarb

A

Calculated

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7
Q

Renal compensation takes up to

A

72 hrs

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8
Q

Multiple acid/base problems in same person.

A

Diabetic ketoacidosis

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9
Q

Ketones make

A

Acidosis

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10
Q

Throwing up cause

A

Alkalosis

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11
Q

Normal anion gap

A

4-12

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12
Q

_______ anion gap suggests presence of unmeasured anion that shouldn’t be there

A

High

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13
Q

Due to accumulation of ketones or lactic acid. Poisoning with ethylene glycol

A

High anion gap

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14
Q

Sedatives and neurological disorders can prevent

A

Reflexive compensation

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15
Q

Determined by levels of carbonic acid and Bicarb in plasma

A

Blood pH

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16
Q

Treat with insulin and fluids

A

Ketoacidosis

17
Q

Product of cellular metabolism

A

CO2

18
Q

Product of protein catabolism

A

Titrable acid

19
Q

Excretes titrable acid

A

Kidney

20
Q

H secretion into collecting duct (in presence of aldosterone) with proton trapping in urine

A

Kidneys. Titrable acid.

21
Q

Blows off volatile CO2

A

Lungs

22
Q

Cannot compensate for massive acid load

A

Kidneys

23
Q

Fall in pH activates ______ and ______ causing increased respiratory rate and tidal volume

A

Peripheral arterial and central chemoreceptors

24
Q

Occurs in seconds and can respond to large acid load

A

Pulmonary compensation

25
Q

Acidemia from accumulation of titrable acid will affect ___ and trigger ______

A

CO2. Pulmonary response.

26
Q

Addition of acidic substance that can’t be excreted

A

Metabolic acidosis

27
Q

Hypoventilation

A

Respiratory acidosis

28
Q

Hyperventilation

A

Respiratory alkalosis

29
Q

Anion gap only seen with

A

Metabolic acidosis

30
Q

Lactic acidosis, ketoacidosis, loss of Bicarb, ingested toxins

A

Metabolic acidosis

31
Q

Loss of Bicarb

A

Metabolic acidosis

32
Q

Diabetic, alcohol, starvation

A

Ketoacidosis

33
Q

Diarrhea and renal failure can cause

A

Loss of Bicarb

34
Q

Ethylene glycol, methanol, Salicylates

A

Metabolic acidosis

35
Q

Non anion gap metabolic acidosis due to Bicarb loss usually caused by

A

Renal failure or diarrhea

36
Q

Anion gap elevation should be similar to decrease in

A

Bicarb

Exam 11 (15 decks)

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