ABO and H Blood Group Systems

Question 1

The most important blood group system because individuals routinely demonstrate antibodies to the system antigen on their red cells

Answer 1

ABO system

Question 2

Occur without exposure to RBCs and likely result from exposure to bacteria with structures similar to A and B antigens

Answer 2

ABO antibodies

Question 3

The ABO system is located on what chromosome?

Answer 3

Chromosome 9

Question 4

Type 1 Oligosaccharide chain
1. Linkage:
2. Found in:
3. Remarks:

Answer 4

1. Beta 1-3
2. Secretions
3. Glycoprotein in nature

Question 5

Type 2 Oligosaccharide chain
1. Linkage:
2. Found in:
3. Remarks:

Answer 5

1. Beta 1-4
2. Red Blood Cells
3. Glycolipids, Glycoproteins, and Glycosphingolipids

Question 6

Enumerate the Glycosyltransferase accompanied with their respective Immunodominant Sugar for each gene:
1. H
2. A
3. B
4. O

Answer 6

1. Alpha 2L-fucosyltransferase; Fucose
2. Alpha 3N-acetlygalactosamyltransferase; N-acetylgalactosamine
3. Alpha 3D-galactosyltransferase; D-galactose
4. No enzyme therefore no immunodominant sugar

Question 7

Enumerate the amount of H antigen present on red cells from highest to lowest

Answer 7

O > A2 > B > A2B > A1 > A1B

Question 8

Two most widely recognized ABO subgroup

Answer 8

A1 and A2

Question 9

(Referring to question 8) what is the other name for the lectin used in differentiating these subgroups

Answer 9

Dolichos biflorus

Question 10

What are the possible causes of the ff:
Anti-A: 0
Anti-B: 0
A1 cells: 0
B cells: 0
O cells: 0
Autocontrol: 0

Answer 10

Group O newborn or elderly px
Hypogammaglobulinemia or agammaglobulinemia
May be taking immunosuppressive drugs

Question 11

What are the possible causes of the ff:
Anti-A: 4+
Anti-B: 0
A1 cells: 1+
B cells: 4+
O cells: 0
Autocontrol: 0

Answer 11

Subrgroup of A: Probable A2 with anti-A1

Question 12

What are the possible causes of the ff:
Anti-A: 4+
Anti-B: 4+
A1 cells: 2+
B cells: 2+
O cells: 2+
Autocontrol: 2+

Answer 12

Rouleaux
Cold autoantibody

Question 13

What are the possible causes of the ff:
Anti-A: 1+
Anti-B: 4+
A1 cells: 1+
B cells: 0
O cells: 0
Autocontrol: 0

Answer 13

Subgroup of AB: probable A2B with Anti-A1

Question 14

What are the possible causes of the ff:
Anti-A: 0
Anti-B: 0
A1 cells: 4+
B cells: 4+
O cells: 4+
Autocontrol: 0

Answer 14

Oh Bombay

Question 15

What are the possible causes of the ff:
Anti-A: 4+
Anti-B: 2+
A1 cells: 0
B cells: 4+
O cells: 0
Autocontrol: 0

Answer 15

Group A with Acquired B antigen

Question 16

Suggested troubleshooting techniques for:
Absent or weaker than expected reactions

Answer 16

Prolong incubation time for 15-30 minutes at RT or Incubate at cold temperatures

Question 17

Suggested troubleshooting techniques for:
Acquired B

Answer 17

Use anti-B with pH >8.5 or less than 6.0
Reacetylation using acetic anhydride

Question 18

Suggested troubleshooting techniques for:
Cold-reacting autoantibody or non-ABO antigens

Answer 18

Antibody screening and ID

Question 19

Suggested troubleshooting techniques for:
Rouleaux in forward and reverse grouping

Answer 19

Saline dilution or replacement technique

Question 20

Arises from the inheritance of nonfunctional H gene and a nonfunctional Se gene

Answer 20

Bombay Phenotype

Question 21

H-deficient individual with functional FUT2 or Se gene

Answer 21

Parabombay

Question 22

Alleles of Secretor locus

Answer 22

Se (FUT2)
se