Adaptive Immunity (Exam 1) Flashcards
(54 cards)
What antibody will be seen in an acute infection or a primary exposure
IgM
What would the presence of IgG antibody suggest
patient has been vaccinated or has had prior exposure
Outline the body’s antibody response to a new and old antigen
New: has a lag phase of 10-14 days in which IgM will be made and then will generate IgG
Old: memory response will be present. IgG will be activated after 1-2 days, much quicker response
Which antibody is capable of opsonization
IgG
How does antigenic variation evade the immune response
as soon as IgG is made the pathogen will change its virulence factor causing the immune response to start again with IgM
Where is antigenic variation seen
HIV, Flu, Gonorrhea
How is memory response different tan an initial response
uses IgG rather than IgM
memory B cells will provide a robust response that is faster than the initial response and is more specific
What cells are responsible for the memory of the immune system
memory B cells
Which antibody can cross the placenta
IgG
Despite the adaptive immune system having memory you can still get a cold every year. Why is this
immune system is specific and pathogens can have different serotypes
Give an example of a disease caused by lack of specificity in adaptive immunity
toxic shock syndrome
What occurs in toxic shock syndrome
toxin doesn’t bind to TCR like most antigens. Activates more T cells causing a cytokine storm
What aspect of the adaptive immune system allows vaccines to be effective
memory
When will autoimmune diseases occur
when immune system cannot differentiate between self and non-self
What is molecular mimicry
when an antigen mimics self
What type of immunity do B cells exhibit
humoral immunity
What type of pathogens do B cells mainly deal with
extracellular pathogens (bacteria)
What type of immunity do T cells exhibit
cell mediated immunity
What type of pathogens do T cells mainly deal with
intracellular pathogens (viruses)
What are the primary lymph organs
bone marrow
thymus
What are the secondary lymph organs
lymph nodes
spleen
mucosa
What is the life cycle of a B cell
originates in bone marrow
matures in bone marrow
matured cells released into blood stream and cycle
differentiate to plasma cells in secondary lymphoid organs and secrete antibodies
What immunoglobulins are found on naive mature B cells
IgM and IgD
Why is it important that one cell have one specificity
ensures the cell will identify either self or non self
