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Adenovirus Flashcards

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1
Q 
Canine Adenovirus-1 (CAdV-1) 
Rubarth Disease
Canine Infectious
Hepatitis 
Fox Encephalitis

Species Affected

A

Canidae & Ursidae (bears)

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2
Q 
Canine Adenovirus-1 (CAdV-1) 
Rubarth Disease
Canine Infectious
Hepatitis 
Fox Encephalitis

Most susceptible

A

3-6mo

>1yo - mild, subclinical

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3
Q 
Canine Adenovirus-1 (CAdV-1) 
Rubarth Disease
Canine Infectious
Hepatitis 
Fox Encephalitis

Spread

A

Secretions, faeces and saliva

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4
Q 
Canine Adenovirus-1 (CAdV-1) 
Rubarth Disease
Canine Infectious
Hepatitis 
Fox Encephalitis

Pathogenesis

A

PO/Conjuctiva-> tonsils, payer’s patches-> Ln->viraemia (lymphoid cells) -> Liver(hepatitis), Brain (encephalitis), Kidneys(glomerulonephritis), Eyes(uvietis), Endothelium damage, DIC

  • Type III hypersensitivity
  • Long-term carriage in kidneys
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5
Q 
Canine Adenovirus-1 (CAdV-1) 
Rubarth Disease
Canine Infectious
Hepatitis 
Fox Encephalitis

Primary Replication

A
  • Tonsils, Peyer’s Patches

* Incubation: 1-5 days

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6
Q 
Canine Adenovirus-1 (CAdV-1) 
Rubarth Disease
Canine Infectious
Hepatitis 
Fox Encephalitis

Target Organs

A

Vascular Epithelium->Haemorrhages

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7
Q 
Canine Adenovirus-1 (CAdV-1) 
Rubarth Disease
Canine Infectious
Hepatitis 
Fox Encephalitis

Clinical Signs

A

*Sudden death, fever, icterus, bloody diarrhea, mucosal haemorrhages, coagulation problems, seizures

  1. Peracute: Death within 1-2 days, non-specific clinical signs
  2. Acute : Fever over 40℃ for 3-5 days (may look like poisoning)
  3. Chronic: 1-2 weeks, oedema, convulsions, Uveitis (Blue eye
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8
Q 
Canine Adenovirus-1 (CAdV-1) 
Rubarth Disease
Canine Infectious
Hepatitis 
Fox Encephalitis

Pathology & Histopathology

A
  • Gall bladder oedema
  • Nuclear inclusion bodies (Cowdry A)
  • Hepatomegaly, hemorrhages, edema, yellowish
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9
Q 
Canine Adenovirus-1 (CAdV-1) 
Rubarth Disease
Canine Infectious
Hepatitis 
Fox Encephalitis

Diagnosis

A
  • Seropositivity can be due to immunization
  • Leukopenia
  • Elevated liver enzymes
  • Prolonged clotting time
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10
Q 
Canine Adenovirus-1 (CAdV-1) 
Rubarth Disease
Canine Infectious
Hepatitis 
Fox Encephalitis

Treatment

A 
Symptomatic Treatment:
• I.V. hydration
• Glucose
• Liver protective drugs
*Hyperimmune serum (in early)
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11
Q 
Canine Adenovirus-1 (CAdV-1) 
Rubarth Disease
Canine Infectious
Hepatitis 
Fox Encephalitis

Prevention & Immunity

A
  • Maternal immunity protects up to 3mo
  • cross protection with CDV-2
  • Inactivated CAD-1 vaccine
  • Attenuated CAdV-2 vaccine
  • 2-3mo, then yearly
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12
Q

Adenovirus

General Characteristics

A
  • dsDNA , Icosahedral , no envelope
  • Oncogene
  • Strong antigenicity - lifelong immunity
  • Highly resistant
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13
Q

Canine Adenovirus-2 (CAdV-2)
Canine Infectious Laryngotracheitis

Spread

A

Airborne, highly contagious

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14
Q

Canine Adenovirus-2 (CAdV-2)
Canine Infectious Laryngotracheitis

Pathogenesis

A

Inhalation —> Upper respiratory tract mucosa —> Rhinitis, Laryngitis, Tracheo-bronchitis, Bronchilitis

  • Usually no viraemia!
  • Shed in respiratory secretions
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15
Q

Canine Adenovirus-2 (CAdV-2)
Canine Infectious Laryngotracheitis

Primary Replication

A

Upper Respiratory Tract Mucosa

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16
Q

Canine Adenovirus-2 (CAdV-2)
Canine Infectious Laryngotracheitis

Clinical Signs

A
  • Alone, rarely cause clinical signs!

* Kennel Cough Syndrome in co-infection: Mild fever, nasal discharge, dry coughing, bronchopneumonia

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17
Q

Canine Adenovirus-2 (CAdV-2)
Canine Infectious Laryngotracheitis

Diagnosis

A

History, CS, virus isolation, serology

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18
Q

Canine Adenovirus-2 (CAdV-2)
Canine Infectious Laryngotracheitis

Treatment

A

Supportive treatment

  • Respiratory support
  • Ab
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19
Q

Canine Adenovirus-2 (CAdV-2)
Canine Infectious Laryngotracheitis

Prevention & Immunity

A
  • Avoid crowding

* Polyvalent vaccine from 2-3mo

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20
Q

Bovine Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis

Most susceptible

A

1-4 mo calf

overcrowding!

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21
Q

Bovine Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis

Spread

A

Faeces, respiratory discharges

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22
Q

Bovine Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis

Pathogenesis

A

PO/inhalational-> tonsils-> viraemia->respiratory& enteric mucosa
*Mild disease
*Co-infection:
BVD, IBR, PI-3, pasaturella

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23
Q

Bovine Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis

Target Organs

A

Respiratory & enteric mucosa

Mastadenovirus - replicates in kidneys
Atadenovirus - replicatesin testis

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24
Q

Bovine Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis

Clinical Signs

A
  • Alone - rarely induce any CS
  • In crowded conditions
  • Mild fever, nasal discharge and dry cough
  • Co-infection: Bronchopneumonia
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25
Bovine Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis Diagnosis
History, CS, serolgy
26
Bovine Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis Prevention & Immunity
Avoid crowding | Polyvalent vaccine 2-3mo
27
Sheep Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis Most susceptible
* 3-4 wo lambs * First Parity ewes * crowded fattening farms
28
Sheep Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis Spread
Faeces, respiratory discharges
29
Sheep Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis Pathogenesis
PO/inhalational-> tonsils-> viraemia-> respiratory& enteric mucosa
30
Sheep Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis Primary Replication
Tonsils | Incubation: 1-7d
31
Sheep Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis Target Organs
Respiratory & enteric mucosa
32
Sheep Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis Clinical Signs
* Mainly respiratory signs * Urolithiasis in ram * Haemorrhagic enteritic in OAdV-4 * co-infection * Adults are usually asymptomatic
33
Sheep Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis Pathology & Histopathology
* Intralobular interstitial pneumonia * Enteritis, osmotic diarrhea * Kidney tubular epithelial necrosis
34
Sheep Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis Diagnosis
PCR Serology Virus isolation
35
Sheep Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis Treatment
Symptomatic treatment | Ab
36
Sheep Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis Prevention & Immunity
No vaccine! | Closed farming
37
Bovine Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis Pathology & Histopathology
* intralobular interstitial pneumonia * Enteritis, osmotic diarrhea * Kidney tubular epithelial necrosis
38
Equine AdenovirusDisease Most susceptible
foals
39
Equine AdenovirusDisease Spread
PO / Airborne
40
Equine AdenovirusDisease Clinical Signs
* Subclinical/mild respiratory disease: fever, coughing, nasal discharge * Secondary bacterial infection * Severe in immunocompromised animals
41
Equine Adenovirus Disease Diagnosis
Virus Isolation PCR Serology
42
Equine Adenovirus Disease Treatment
Usually not necessary | Self limitng infections!
43
Chicken Inclusion Body Hepatitis Species Affected
Broiler Chicken, Turkey, Pigeon, Goose
44
Chicken Inclusion Body Hepatitis Most susceptible
<30do
45
Chicken Inclusion Body Hepatitis Spread
* Direct contact & fomites | * Vertical transmission
46
Chicken Inclusion Body Hepatitis Pathogenesis
Germinative/PO —> Viraemia —> Gut, Liver, Kidneys —> Trachea
47
Chicken Inclusion Body Hepatitis Clinical Signs
*Frequently subclinical *Dec. egg production *Respiratory signs *Hepatitis *Tendosynovitis with reovirus + Anaemia&diarrhea 10% mortality (3-5d)
48
Chicken Inclusion Body Hepatitis Diagnosis
PCR | ELISA
49
Hepatitis - Hydropericardium Syndrome Species affected
Geese
50
Hepatitis - Hydropericardium Syndrome Most susceptible age
10-24do geese
51
Hepatitis - Hydropericardium Syndrome Spread
* Direct contact & fomites | * Vertical transmission
52
Hepatitis - HydropericardiumSyndrome Pathogenesis
Germinative/PO —> Viraemia —> Gut, Liver, Kidneys —> Trachea
53
Hepatitis - Hydropericardium Syndrome Clinical Signs
* Frequently subclinical * Dec. egg production * Respiratory signs * Hepatitis * Tendosynovitis with reovirus + sitting for 5-6 hours, weakening <6% mortality
54
Turkey Hemorrhagic Enteritis Most Susceptible Species
Turkey
55
Turkey Hemorrhagic Enteritis Most Susceptible age
6-11wo
56
Turkey Hemorrhagic Enteritis Spread
Direct contact
57
Turkey Hemorrhagic Enteritis Pathogenesis
PO/Cloaca —> Enterocytes —> Viraemia-> Respirstory& enteric mucosa
58
Turkey Hemorrhagic Enteritis Pathology
* Blood Vessel Damage | * Haemorrhages in spleen, liver, kidneys and lungs
59
Turkey Hemorrhagic Enteritis Primary Replication
Enterocytes
60
Turkey Hemorrhagic Enteritis Target Organs
Blood Vessel Wall, Spleen
61
Turkey Hemorrhagic Enteritis Clinical Signs
3 forms: 1. Subclinical 2. Mild 3. Sudden death * Co-infection may occur
62
Turkey Hemorrhagic Enteritis Pathology & Histopathology
* Anaemia * Enteritis * Enlarged mottled spleen * Haemorrhages&fluid in body cavities
63
Turkey Hemorrhagic Enteritis Diagnosis
Virus isolation PCR ELISA
64
Turkey Hemorrhagic Enteritis Treatment
Convalescent serum | Ab
65
Turkey Hemorrhagic Enteritis Prevention & Immunity
Attenuated vaccine
66
Marble Spleen Disease Species Affected
Pheasants
67
Marble Spleen Disease Most susceptible age
3-8 mo
68
Marble Spleen Disease Target Organs
Spleen
69
Marble Spleen Disease Clinical Signs
Atypical clinical signs, no bloody diarrhoea
70
Marble Spleen Disease Pathology & Histopathology
Enlarged, mottled spleen
71
Chicken Splenomegaly Most susceptible
Broiler Chicken
72
Chicken Splenomegaly Occurrence
USA
73
Chicken Splenomegaly Target Organs
Liver, Spleen
74
Chicken Splenomegaly Pathology & Histopathology
Hyperplasia of liver and spleen
75
Egg Drop Syndrome Species Affected
Waterfowl, chicken, stork,quail, and duck
76
Egg Drop Syndrome Most susceptible
All ages of layers
77
Egg Drop Syndrome Occurrence
Worldwide Might spread with Marek’s Disease
78
Egg Drop Syndrome Spread
* Quickly spread in contact with faeces | * Vertical transmission in egg/ on the shell
79
Egg Drop Syndrome Pathogenesis
PO/Germinative Infection —>Viraemia —> Oviduct & Intestinal Mucosa Virus is shed with faeces
80
Egg Drop Syndrome Target Organs
Genital Tract & Intestinal Mucosa
81
Egg Drop Syndrome Clinical Signs
* Oedema in genital tract * Increased motility of the oviduct * Usually in peak egg production: 3-7w * Diarrhea, soft shelled, deformed eggs * Death is rare! * No hatching during clinical signs and 2 weeks afterwards
82
Egg Drop Syndrome Pathology & Histopathology
* Oedema in ovary, | * Oviduct inflammation, atrophy
83
Egg Drop Syndrome Diagnosis
CS virus isolation PCR
84
Egg Drop Syndrome Treatment
No effective treatment!
85
Egg Drop Syndrome Prevention & Immunity
* Egg disinfection * Contact prevention * Inactivated vaccination before laying season

Epidemiology (16 decks)

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