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Epidemiology > Parvovirus > Flashcards

Parvovirus Flashcards

1
Q

Porcine Parvoviral Disease

Most susceptible

A

First pregnancy gilts

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2
Q

Porcine Parvoviral Disease

Spread

A

Faeces, saliva, semen, fomites

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3
Q

Porcine Parvoviral Disease

Pathogenesis

A

PO->gut->blood->viraemia->fetal damage->SMEDI

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4
Q

Porcine Parvoviral Disease

Primary Replication Site

A

Small Intestine

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5
Q

Porcine Parvoviral Disease

Target Organs

A

organs with rapid cell division: intestines, fetuses

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6
Q

Porcine Parvoviral Disease

Clinical Signs

A

<30 days: reabsorbed
30-70d: mummified
>70d: dead/born weak/healthy

*High mortality of fetuses

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7
Q

Porcine Parvoviral Disease

Pathology

A
  • different sized fetuses
  • SC hemorrhages
  • calcification of placenta
  • hepatitis, nephritis
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8
Q

Porcine Parvoviral Disease

Diagnosis

A

IF, PCR, Virus isolation

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9
Q

Porcine Parvoviral Disease

Treatment

A
  • No treatment

* sow goes back to normal after SMEDI

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10
Q

Porcine Parvoviral Disease

Prevention & immunity

A
  • Maternal immunity: <6mo
  • inavticated(live) vaccine at 6mo&prior to breeding
  • Life-long immunity
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11
Q

Parvovirus canine enteritis

Most Susceptible

A

Young dogs

6 weeks - 6 months

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12
Q

Parvovirus canine enteritis

Spread

A

direct contact, faeces, infected animal, fomites

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13
Q

Parvovirus canine enteritis

Pathogenesis

A

PO->lymphoid tissue oropharynx->viraemia->systemic ilness

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14
Q

Parvovirus canine enteritis

Primary Replication

A

Lymphoid tissue of
oropharynx

4-5d incubation

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15
Q

Parvovirus canine enteritis

Target Organs

A

Organs with rapidly dividing cells: *SI crypts(diarrhea)

  • Lymphopoetic tissue(luekopenia,immunesupression),
  • Myocardial cells(young animals, deah)
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16
Q

Parvovirus canine enteritis

Clinical Signs

A
  • Young puppies(3-8wo): myocardial damage, sudden death
  • Older puppies(>8wo) general CS, acute gastroenteritis, vomiting, severe bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, dehydration
  • subclinical infection is possible
  • high mortality of young
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17
Q

Parvovirus canine enteritis

Pathology & Histopathology

A
  • Inflamed, red intestines with haemorrhages

* Basophilic nuclear inclusion bodies in intestine&heart.

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18
Q

Parvovirus canine enteritis

Diagnosis

A 
Anamnesis, Clinical Signs and 
PM lesions
PCR in feces
ELISA
*Seropositivity can also be due to vaccination
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19
Q

Parvovirus Canine enteritis

Treatment

A 
Symptomatic treatment:
 •Rehydration
• Liquid Replacements 
• Anti-emetics
• Colloid Treatment
•Antibiotics
Hyperimmune serum before CS
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20
Q

Parvovirus canine enteritis

Prevention & Immunity

A
  • Maternal immunity until 3-4mo

* Iive attenuated/inactivated polyvalent vaccine (every 3-4w, >8wo, ->yearly)

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21
Q

Feline Panleukopaenia Virus

Most susceptible

A

*Kittens 2 weeks - 6 months
*Pregnant queens
*Immunosupressant
animals

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22
Q

Feline Panleukopaenia Virus

Spread

A

Highly contagious!

Direct contact, secretions,fleas, fomites

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23
Q

Feline Panleukopaenia Virus

Pathogenesis

A

PO/inhalation->pharyngeal lymphoid tissue->viraemia>systemic illness

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24
Q

Feline Panleukopaenia Virus

Primary Replication

A

Pharyngeal lymphoid tissue

5-7d incubation

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25
Q

Feline Panleukopaenia Virus

Target Organs

A
  • SI crypt: diarrhea
  • Bone marrow: anemia
  • Lymhpoid cells: leukopenia
  • Myocardial cells: sudden death
  • Fetuses: transplacental infection- stem cell destruction->abortion, malformations
26
Q

Feline Panleukopaenia Virus

Clinical Signs

A
  • young animals usually die before CS

* non specific cs initially then acute enteritis, severe bloody diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dehydration

27
Q

Feline Panleukopaenia Virus

Pathology & Histopathology

A
  • inflamed&red intestines with hemorrhages
  • cerebral hypoplasia in kittens
  • Basophilic nuclear inclusion bodies in intestinal and heart cells
28
Q

Feline Panleukopaenia Virus

Diagnosis

A 
Anamnesis, Clinical Signs and 
PM lesions
PCR from faeces
ELISA
low WBC count
*Seropositivity due to vaccination can occur
29
Q

Feline Panleukopaenia Virus

Treatment

A 
Symptomatic treatment:
• Rehydration
• Liquid Replacements 
• Anti-emetics
• Colloid Treatment
•Antibiotics
Hyperimmune serum before CS
30
Q

Feline Panleukopaenia Virus

Prevention & Immunity

A

Hygiene

  • Maternal immunity for up to 3-4mo
  • Inactivated/live attenuated polyvalent vaccines (every 3-4w from 8wo, then yearly)
31
Q

Mink Parvoviral Enteritis

Most susceptible

A

All ages but most serious in kits.

32
Q

Mink Parvoviral
Enteritis

Spread

A

Highly contagious

infected animal, faeces,fomites

33
Q

Mink Parvoviral Enteritis

Pathogenesis

A

PO/inhalation->pharyngeal lymphoid tissue->viraemia >systemic illness

34
Q

Mink Parvoviral Enteritis

Target organ

A

Pharyngeal lymphoid tissue

incubation: 5-7d

35
Q

Mink Parvoviral Enteritis

Target Organs

A
  • SI crypt: diarrhea
  • Bone marrow: anemia
  • Lymhpoid cells: leukopenia
  • Myocardial cells: young animals, sudden death
36
Q

Mink Parvoviral Enteritis

Clinical Signs

A
  • initial, non-specific signs(anorexia,fever,depression)-> acute gastroenteritis(vomiting, watery bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, dehydration
  • up to 80% mortality in young
37
Q

Mink Parvoviral Enteritis

Pathology & Histopathology

A
  • Inflamed and red intestines with haemorrhages

* Basophilic nuclear inclusion bodies in intestinal and heart cells

38
Q

Mink Parvoviral Enteritis

Diagnosis

A

Clinical signs and PM lesions
PCR
ELISA

39
Q

Mink Parvoviral Enteritis

Treatment

A 
Symptomatic Treatment:
• Rehydration
• Liquid Replacements 
• Anti-emetics
• Colloid Treatment
• Antibiotics
40
Q

Mink Parvoviral Enteritis

Prevention & Immunity

A
  • culling/isolating all mink showing CS
  • healthy minks should be vaccinated
  • Live attenuated or inactivated polyvalent vaccines (2 every 4w from 8wo, then yearly)
41
Q

Auletian Mink Disease (Plasmocytosis)

Most susceptible

A
  • ZOONOTIC
  • Blue-grey colour variant (50% mortality)
  • All colours may be infected (5% mortality)
42
Q

Auletian Mink Disease (Plasmocytosis)

Spread

A

*infected mink, secretions , intrauterine infection, vertical transmission!

43
Q

Auletian Mink Disease (Plasmocytosis)

Pathogenesis

A

PO/Inhalation —> Pharynx lymphoid tissue —> Vireamia —> Organs with rapid cell division (spleen, liver, lymph organs)

44
Q

Auletian Mink Disease (Plasmocytosis)

Primary Replication

A

Pharynx lymphoid tissue

Incubation: 4-6w

45
Q

Auletian Mink Disease (Plasmocytosis)

Target Organs

A 
Organs with rapid cell division:
• Spleen
• Liver
• Lymph Organs and 
Immune System
• Fetuses
46
Q

Auletian Mink Disease (Plasmocytosis)

Clinical Signs

A
  • In young: interstitial pneumonia (can be lethal)
  • In old: immune complex formation and deposit in tissues -> glomerulonephritis, type 3 hypersensitivity reaction-> vasculitis, arthritis
  • Fetal damage and abortion
  • Chronic: Oral, nasal & GI bleeding(bloody faeces), renal failure and uraemia - CNS signs
47
Q

Auletian Mink Disease (Plasmocytosis)

Pathology & Histopathology

A
  • Hepatomegaly
  • Splenomegaly
  • Swollen Ln
  • Bleeding and erosions on mm
  • Atrophy&pitting of kidneys
  • Arteritis
  • Plasma cell proliferation in kidneys, liver, spleen, lns
48
Q

Auletian Mink Disease (Plasmocytosis)

Diagnosis

A
  • CS& PM lesions
  • PCR
  • virus isolation
  • immune complexes detection
49
Q

Auletian Mink Disease (Plasmocytosis)

Treatment

A

Symptomatic& Ab treatment

50
Q

Auletian Mink Disease (Plasmocytosis)

Prevention &
Immunity

A

Slaughter all seropositive animals -> Eradication

No vaccine!

51
Q

Derzsy’s Disease
(Goose/Duck Plague/Viral Hepatitis/Parvoviral enteritis/Influenza)

Spread

A

GPD: Domestic geese& Muscovy duck
MDPV: Muscovy duck& Barbari Duck
*Cross reaction is possible

  • Faeces/infected animal
  • Vertical: SC infected animals-> infect eggs-> embryo dies/hatch-> infect other day old hatchlings
52
Q

Derzsy’s Disease
(Goose/Duck Plauge/Viral Hepatitis/Parvoviral enteritis/Influenza)

Pathogenesis

A

PO -> SI epithelium -> Vireamia—> Parenchymal organs: Liver, Heart muscle, Blood vessel wall

53
Q

Derzsy’s Disease
(Goose/Duck Plauge/Viral Hepatitis/Parvoviral enteritis/Influenza)

Primary Replication

A

SI epithelium

Incubation: 1w

54
Q

Derzsy’s Disease
(Goose/Duck Plauge/Viral Hepatitis/Parvoviral enteritis/Influenza)

Target Organs

A
  • Liver
  • Heart muscle,
  • Blood vessel wall
55
Q

Derzsy’s Disease
(Goose/Duck Plauge/Viral Hepatitis/Parvoviral enteritis/Influenza)

Clinical Signs

A
  • 1do hatchling: cold like symptoms, diarrhea, ascites, fibrinous pseudomembrane in tongue, high water consumption - death within 1-2d
  • if survives -> chronic form (growth&feather retardation, also in partially protected hatchlings)
56
Q

Derzsy’s Disease
(Goose/Duck Plauge/Viral Hepatitis/Parvoviral enteritis/Influenza)

Most susceptible

A

Age dependent

  • up to 100% mortality under 7-10do
  • No CS >6wo
57
Q

Derzsy’s Disease
(Goose/Duck Plauge/Viral Hepatitis/Parvoviral enteritis/Influenza)

Pathology & Histopathology

A

*GPV: ball shaped heart with tiger stripes, Fibrin&ascites , hemorrhages in mm

58
Q

Derzsy’s Disease
(Goose/Duck Plauge/Viral Hepatitis/Parvoviral enteritis/Influenza)

Diagnosis

A

CS , PM, Inoculated eggs, embryonic cell cultures, Ab detection

59
Q

Derzsy’s Disease
(Goose/Duck Plauge/Viral Hepatitis/Parvoviral enteritis/Influenza)

Treatment

A

Ab

Hyperimmune serum for day old hatchlings

60
Q

Derzsy’s Disease
(Goose/Duck Plauge/Viral Hepatitis/Parvoviral enteritis/Influenza)

Prevention & Immunity

A
  • Do not use survivors for breeding
  • avoid incubating& hatching of different flocks together
  • Serological test for any geese in contact with the virus/imported
  • Attenuated, Inactivated and Recombinant Vaccines (all breeding animals, before laying, end of laying)
61
Q

Parvovirus General Characteristics

A

ssDNA, Icosahedral, no envelope, replicated in rapidly dividing cells, stenoxen, long life immunity, highly resistant

Epidemiology (16 decks)

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