Adjustment to disability Flashcards
what are the rights and responsibilities that come under the term “sick role”
They are:
- exempted from certain social roles
- not blamed for their illness
Responsibilities:
- try to get better
- to seek help and co-operate with the help given
what does the term “illness behaviour” mean? what does it involve?
the way in which symptoms or an illness is perceived, evaluated and acted upon. Involves the manner in which people: - monitor their bodies - define and interpret their symptoms - take remedial action - utilise various sources of help
how do you cope in a good way
Maintaining morale despite setbacks
Pragmatic- dealing with things sensibly and realistically
Considers and uses a range of strategies
Considers a range of outcomes and their consequences
Flexible and open to suggestions
Internal locus of control
Composed (not either extreme of emotional expression)
how do you cope in a bad way?
Rigid and inflexible Reluctant to compromise or ask for help intolerance of others excessive denial or rationalisation not problem focused passive approach impulsivity
what are the obstacles to coping
Intrapersonal Psychiatric illness personality (narcisistic) characteristics of the illness (pain, lack of sleep) characterisitics of the treatment finances social support culture religion
what are the risk factors for depression in the medically ill
Pain Life threatening illness Chronic physical health problems Unpleasant and demanding treatment Low perceived social support Past psychiatric history Substance misuse Prescribed medication (eg, steroids, chemo)
what things should be focused on to adjust well
1) Dealing with effects of cytokines
2) Dealing with appropriate emotional expression
3) Engaging in self management
4) Finding benefit from the condition
List symptoms which may be induced by cytokine activity in chronic illness.
weakness fatigue poor concentration lethargy anhedonia anorexia
pro inflammatory cytokines promote psychological symptoms. give an exmpaple of this
TNF and interferon α after MI in diabetes and cancer
cognitive and behavioural interventions are used to relief symptoms induced by cytokine acitivty. give examples of what techniques can be used
graded exercise
activity scheduling
use of diaries
what is meant by locus of control and and why it is important in chronic illness.
Internal: when you take responsibility for your actions and do not blame others for your failures
(e.g. failing exam and blaming yourself)
External: when you do not take responsibility for your actions and blame other for your failures
(e.g. failing exam and blaming others)
Locus of control as a personality trait is not only associated with depression, anxiety, suicidal thoughts and developing related diseases, but also plays an important role in treatment
what are signs of succesful adjustment to your illness
Successful performance of adaptive tasks Absence of psychiatric disorder Presence of high positive affect Adequate functional status Satisfaction and wellbeing in various life domains
