Adrenergics

Question 1

blocks L-type calcium channels at higher doses

Answer 1

carvedilol

Question 1

what receptors does labetalol affect?

Answer 1

α1 and β1/2

Question 1

which adrenergic neuron blocker can enter the CNS?

Answer 1

guanadrel

Question 2

therapeutic use of carvedilol

Answer 2

• hypertension
• chronic heart failure
• acute MI

Question 3

which therapeutic use of propranolol is not shared by atenolol?

Answer 3

migraine prophylaxis

Question 3

what does reserpine treat?

Answer 3

essential HTN, rarely used

Question 4

decreases vascular tone in resistance (arterioles) and capacitance (veins) beds

Answer 4

prazosin

Question 5

how is phentolamine administered?

Answer 5

orally

Question 7

competitive antagonist of α1 and both β receptors

Answer 7

labetalol

carvedilol

Question 8

what receptors does timolol affect?

Answer 8

non-selective β antagonist

Question 8

this β1 antagonist does not penetrate the CNS, so it has less CNS side effects

Answer 8

atenolol

Question 8

this α1 receptor antagonist is not approved for threatment of HTN

Answer 8

tamsulosin

Question 8

how is prazosin administered?

Answer 8

orally

Question 9

what receptors does phenoxybenazmine affect?

Answer 9

irreversible α1 and α2 antagonist

Question 10

therapeutic use of labetalol

Answer 10

• essential hypertension (oral)
• hypertensive emergencies (IV)

Question 11

orally active α1 recepotr antagonist with some selectivity for α1A verses α1B subtypes

Answer 11

tamsulosin

Question 12

what is tamsulosin used to treat?

Answer 12

BPH with little effect on blood pressure (less propensity for orthostatic hyptotension)

Question 12

adrenergic neuron blockers

Answer 12

guanethidine

guanadrel

inhibit NE release by taking its place in vesicles

Question 13

produces a favorable lipid profile by decreasing LDL and increases HDL

Answer 13

prazosin

Question 13

what drug causes first dose phenomenon?

Answer 13

prazosin

Question 14

clinical uses of phenoxybenzamine

Answer 14

• pheochromocytoma
• reverse or shorten duration of soft-tissue anesthesia

Question 15

what receptors does tamsulosin affect?

Answer 15

α1 (mostly α1A) antagonist

Question 17

what receptors does metoprolol affect?

Answer 17

β1 antagonist

Question 18

at low doses is more selective at blocking the β1 receptor by 10-fold

Answer 18

metoprolol

Question 19

how is tamsulosin administered?

Answer 19

orally

Question 20

prwhat receptors dose prazosin affect?

Answer 20

α1 antagonist

Question 21

describe propanolol's withdrawal syndrome

Answer 21

supersensitivity to β adrenergic stimulation which may cause angina, arrhythmias, or infarction

Question 23

what receptors does atenolol affect?

Answer 23

β1 antagonist

Question 24

also has anti-oxidant properties and anti-inflammatory effects

Answer 24

carvedilol

Question 25

therapeutic use: * essential hypertension (oral) * hypertensive emergencies (IV)

Answer 25

labetalol

Question 25

clinical uses of phentolamine

Answer 25

* HTN * pheochromocytoma * reverse or shorten duration of soft-tissue anesthesia

Question 26

which drugs reverse or short the duration of soft-tissue anesthesia produced by combined local anesthetic and sympathomimetics?

Answer 26

phentolamine phenoxybenzamine

Question 28

which drug masks the symptoms of hypoglycemia?

Answer 28

propranolol (and related drugs)

Question 29

treats shock

Answer 29

NE DA phenylephrine

Question 31

which drug can cause sedation, impotence, and nightmares?

Answer 31

propranolol

Question 32

what drugs share therapeutic uses with propranolol?

Answer 32

atenolol metoprolol timolol

Question 34

orally active, once a day dosing

Answer 34

atenolol

Question 37

how is atenolol administered?

Answer 37

orally active, once a day dosing

Question 39

β1 receptor antagonists

Answer 39

metoprolol atenolol

Question 40

what is distinct about timolol?

Answer 40

treats wide angle glaucoma

Question 41

which of the 2 β blockers that we need to know treat heart failure?

Answer 41

metoprolol carvedilol

Question 42

what receptors does phentolamine affect?

Answer 42

α1 and α2 antagonist

Question 43

therapeutic use: * chronic heart failure * hypertension * acute MI

Answer 43

carvedilol

Question 44

what do guanethidine and guanadrel treat?

Answer 44

hypertension (limited use)

Question 44

orally active pro-drug

Answer 44

methyldopa

Question 46

how is phenoxybenzamine administered?

Answer 46

orally

Question 47

how are guanethidine and guanadrel administered?

Answer 47

orally

Question 48

side effects of phentolamine and phenoxybenzamine?

Answer 48

* tachycardia * edema (salt/water retention) * orthostatic hypotension

Question 49

side effects of propranolol

Answer 49

* cardiac depression, bradycardia/heart block * may increase airway resistance * mask symptoms of hypoglycemia * sedation, impotence, nightmares

Question 50

how is labetalol administered?

Answer 50

orally (HTN) & IV (HTN emergencies)

Question 50

used with local anesthetics to increase duration of action

Answer 50

phenylephrine epinephrine

Question 51

used in emergencies to stimulate heart rate during bradycardia or heart block

Answer 51

isoproterenol

Question 52

major therapeutic uses of propranolol

Answer 52

* HTN * angina * cardiac arrhythmias due to excess catecholamines * acute MI * pheochromocytoma * migraine prophylaxis

Question 54

how is resperine administered?

Answer 54

orally

Question 55

why is reflex achycardia less problematic in prazosin usage?

Answer 55

little blockage of pre-synaptic α2 receptors - minimal increase in CO

Question 56

what receptors does carvedilol affect?

Answer 56

α1 and β1/2

Question 57

which adrenergic neuron blocker is polar and cannot enter the CNS?

Answer 57

guanethidine

Question 59

this drug enters the CNS and may cause depression, suicide, sedation

Answer 59

reserpine

Question 60

favors blockade of α1A in prostate

Answer 60

tamsulosin

Question 61

what receptors does propranolol affect?

Answer 61

non-selective β antagonist

Question 62

propranolol should be used with caution with what kinds of patients?

Answer 62

* asthma * congestive heart failure * bradyarrhythmias, AV block * insulin-dependent diabetes prone to hypoglycermic episodes * hypotension * vasospastic angina

Question 63

how is phenylephrine administered?

Answer 63

nasal spray or orally ophathalmic