Adult Learning

Question 1

Adult learning theory says that adult learners are:

Answer 1

• independent and self-directed
• have experience that can help them learn
• appreciate learning that incorporates their daily life
• interested in immediate problem-centered approaches
• internally motivated

Question 2

Impact on teaching: adults are independent and self-directed

Answer 2

Should engage in

• inquiry
• decision making
• analysis

Question 3

Impact on teaching: adults have experience that helps them learn

Answer 3

Plan active participation such as

• discussions
• active problem solving exercises

Question 4

Impact on teaching: adults appreciate learning that incorporates their daily life

Answer 4

Relate activities to their daily life

Question 5

Impact on teaching: adults are interested in immediate problem-centered approaches

Answer 5

Life or work related situations more appropriate than theoretical ones

Question 6

What are the 3 categories of reasons adults learn?

Answer 6

• goal oriented
• activity oriented
• learning oriented

Question 7

Goal oriented learners are especially likely to seek learning when?

Answer 7

Life transition

Question 8

Goal oriented learning

Answer 8

• to reach a specific objective

- learning is a means to an end

Question 9

Goal oriented learners and education

Answer 9

Engaged in education to accomplish clear and identifiable objectives

I.e. Continuing education

Question 10

When are activity oriented learners likely to seek learning?

Answer 10

Life transitions

Question 11

Activity oriented learner characteristics

Answer 11

• learn to meet social needs
• learning is a means to an end

these learners select educational activities to accomplish social needs (support groups, SIG, self-help, academic interest)

Question 12

Learning-oriented learners

Answer 12

• have an intrinsic need for more knowledge
• perpetual students

Will join groups, classes, or organizations with the anticipation that the experience will be education and personally rewarding

Question 13

What are the critical elements in adult teaching and learning?

Answer 13

• Connect new learning to prior knowledge
• Establish rapport, express sincere concern
• Set appropriate level of difficulty
• Facilitate but let learner direct process and be responsible for goals
• Define clear goals in conjunction with learner and show how activities will help them get there

Question 14

Appropriate level of difficulty =

Answer 14

Challenging but not frustrating

Question 15

What are the sources of motivation for adult learners?

Answer 15

• Social relationships
• External expectations
• Social welfare
• Personal advancement
• Escape or stimulation
• Cognitive interest

Question 16

Sources of motivation: social relationships

Answer 16

therapist could be part of a relationship with learner

Question 17

Sources of motivation: external expectations

Answer 17

• use professional expertise to direct activities and learning
• be the authority

Question 18

Sources of motivation: social welfare

Answer 18

learners often motivated to return to work or hobbies

Question 19

Sources of motivation: personal advancement

Answer 19

desire to reach higher status

Question 20

Sources of motivation: escape or stimulation

Answer 20

• may find exercise stimulating

- may also desire to leave hospital

Question 21

Sources of motivation: cognitive interest

Answer 21

wanting to understand reason things are done

Question 22

Feedback must be ______ and is ______

Answer 22

• specific

- motivational

Question 23

Retention is directly related to

Answer 23

Amount of practice when first learned

The more you have someone apply and use the info, the better they will remember it

Question 24

Retention emphasizes

Answer 24

Application

Question 25

This type of practice is best for retention

Answer 25

Distributed - Shorter sessions extended over a longer period of time - Varying the way you teach it or how they apply it

Question 26

What is transference?

Answer 26

Using learned task in a new situation