Advanced Vocab Words - Set 3 Flashcards
Learn to understand and effectively use 100 advanced vocabulary words. Improve your test scores, or simply be more articulate in your daily life. Each word is used in context in a sample sentence and includes synonyms and a pronunciation guide. (200 cards)
Define:
burnish
(bur-nish)
v. to polish or make shine
n. a shiny appearance
The store owner’s son’s only job was to burnish the statues in the window every day.
Suffix: -ish (used to form verbs meaning ‘to make or cause to be’)
Define:
buttress
(but-riss)
n. a supporting structure
v. to support or encourage
The parents decided to buttress the after-school programs that were in danger of ending by making donations.
Root: butt (from Old French boter, meaning “to strike or thrust”)
Define:
equivocate
(i-kwiv-uh-keyt)
v. to make vague, unclear statements
The mayor equivocated when confronted about his use of public funds.
Prefix: equi- (from Latin aequi, meaning “equal”); Root: voc (from Latin vocare, meaning “to call”)
Define:
paragon
(par-uh-gon)
n. a model of excellence
The man was a paragon of virtue who had never stolen so much as a loaf of bread in his life.
Prefix: para- (from Greek para, meaning “beside” or “beyond”); Root: gon (from Greek gonia, meaning “angle”)
Define:
cacophony
(kuh-kof-uh-nee)
n. unpleasant, discordant sounds
The orchestra’s first attempt to play together was a cacophony of jarring notes.
Prefix: caco- (from Greek kakos, meaning “bad”); Root: phon (from Greek phone, meaning “sound”)
Define:
mawkish
(maw-kish)
adj. overly sentimental to a sickening point
The group of graduating seniors was a mawkish sight, crying and taking hundreds of pictures.
Suffix: -ish (used to form adjectives, meaning “having the quality of”)
Define:
cajole
(kuh-djohl)
v. to make someone do something with flattery or promises
Mother cajoled her into driving the other children to school, promising to make her favorite dinner.
Root: cajol (from French cajoler, meaning “to coax”)
Define:
dogmatic
(dawg-matt-ik)
adj. rigidly fixed in opinion or expression in an arrogant manner
The dogmatic theorist refused to listen to any other possibilities.
Root: dogma (from Greek dogma, meaning “opinion” or “belief”); Suffix: -ic (forming adjectives, meaning “pertaining to”)
Define:
calibrate
(kal-ih-brehyt)
v. to check or balance the scale of a measuring device with a standard scale
The new thermometer needed to be calibrated before it could be used.
Root: caliber (from Arabic qalib, meaning “mold” or “model”); Suffix: -ate (used to form verbs, meaning “to make”)
Define:
perdition
(per-dish-uhn)
n. a state of final spiritual ruin, loss of soul, damnation
n. hell
Poor moral choices led Johnny down the road to perdition.
Prefix: per- (from Latin, meaning “through” or “thoroughly”); Root: dit (from Latin dare, meaning “to give”); Suffix: -ion (forming nouns, indicating an action or condition)
Define:
beseech
(bih-seech)
v. to request urgently
The dying man beseeched his family to visit him.
Prefix: be- (used to form verbs having a sense of ‘thoroughly’ or ‘completely’)
Define:
canny
(can-ee)
adj. careful; shrewd
John was a canny negotiator; no matter how bad his bargaining position, he would always come out on top.
Suffix: -y (used to form adjectives meaning ‘characterized by or inclined to’)
Define:
seminal
(sem-uh-nl)
adj. original and influential
The seminal works of the artist developed into a new style of interpretation.
Root: semin (from Latin semen, meaning ‘seed’)
Define:
cantankerous
(can-tang-kurr-us)
adj. difficult to handle; ill-tempered
The worst part about working in customer service was having to deal with irate, cantankerous callers.
Suffix: -ous (used to form adjectives meaning ‘full of’ or ‘having the qualities of’)
Define:
semantic
(suh-man-tick)
adj. related to the meaning of words
Susan felt that the abortion debate had become too focused on semantic arguments.
Root: sem (from Greek sēma, meaning ‘sign’)
Define:
serrate
(sare-ate)
adj. having toothed edges (“serrated” is an alternate form of the adj.)
Kate used the serrate edge of the knife to cut through the tough meat.
Root: serr (from Latin serra, meaning ‘saw’)
Define:
sever
(sev-er)
v. to cut off
Unfortunately, to prevent the infection from spreading, the doctors had to sever the infected parts of the hand.
Root: sever (from Latin separare, meaning ‘to separate’)
Define:
sinuous
(sin-you-us)
adj. twisting and winding
adj. not direct
The sinuous path through the mountains was probably the most dangerous route to take.
Root: sinu (from Latin sinus, meaning ‘curve’ or ‘fold’)
Define:
solicitude
(suh-liss-ih-tood)
n. caring about others’ well being
Though she claims not to have any feelings for Julio, she showed a great deal of solicitude when she learned of his illness.
Root: solicit (from Latin sollicitus, meaning ‘anxious’ or ‘concerned’)
Define:
solidarity
(sol-ih-dare-ih-tee)
n. a feeling of camaraderie with others due to shared goals
Several townspeople expressed solidarity with the union members by protesting with them.
Root: solid (from Latin solidus, meaning ‘whole’ or ‘undivided’); Suffix: -ity (used to form nouns indicating a state or condition)
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
v. to polish or make shine
n. a shiny appearance
burnish
(bur-nish)
synonyms: polish, brighten, shine, buff, enhance
He spent hours burnishing the silverware until it gleamed.
The marble floors had a burnish that reflected the sunlight beautifully.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
n. a supporting structure
v. to support or encourage
buttress
(but-riss)
synonyms: prop, support; bolster, reinforce, shore up, sustain
The ancient cathedral was held up by massive stone buttresses.
The evidence presented in court buttressed his claims of innocence.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
v. to make vague, unclear statements
equivocate
(i-kwiv-uh-keyt)
synonyms: evade, sidestep, hedge, prevaricate, obscure
When asked about his plans, he began to equivocate, avoiding a direct answer.
Which of your vocabulary words means the following?
n. a model of excellence
paragon
(par-uh-gon)
synonyms: archetype, ideal, exemplar, standard, model
She was considered a paragon of virtue and kindness by everyone who knew her.