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Sociology- Culture, socialisation, identity > Age identities > Flashcards

Age identities Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 age categories?

A
  • Childhood (0-12)
  • Youth (13-18)
  • Young adulthood (19-35)
  • Middle age (36-65)
  • Old age (65+)
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2
Q

What age categories carry a ‘stigmatised’ identity?

A
  • Youth
  • Old age
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3
Q

What are the characteristics of childhood?

A
  • Dependency
  • Immaturity
  • Shaped by primary socialisation
  • Blurring of boundaries
  • Innocence and fun
  • Vulnerable
  • Need care and control
  • Postman disappearing childhood
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4
Q

What are the characteristics of youth?

A
  • Rites of passage
  • Resisting and rebelling (social control and capitalism)
  • Fun and excitement
  • Self-development/self-realisation
  • Style, body image
  • Media and consumption
  • Education
  • Restrictions (due to laws)
  • Storm and stress (Mead)
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5
Q

What are the characteristics of middle age?

A
  • Work orientated
  • Instability: empty nest syndrome
  • Stability: finanical independence
  • Relationships
  • Fulfillment
  • ‘Sandwich generation’ (Henretta and Grundy)
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6
Q

What are the characteristics of old age?

A
  • Retirement
  • Reflection
  • Dependency
  • New opportunities
  • Relaxation
  • Freedom
  • Fearful of crime/getting old/ill health
  • Loneliness
  • Burden
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7
Q

What is age?

Has different meanings, not in agreement

A

A contested concept

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8
Q

How is age constructed?

A
  • Chronological age= biologically determined
  • Age= socially constructed
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9
Q

What is the life course approach?

A

During our lifetime, we will pass through the different stages of age

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10
Q

What does Braddeley say about age (youth) identity?

A
  • Chronological age is passive
  • Age can also be active
  • Youth and old age carry the most significant parts of age identity
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11
Q

What does Cohen (Albert) say about age (youth) identity?

A
  • (Functionalist subculturalist)
  • Youth is a time, in which individuals experience ‘status frustration’
  • This is due to deferred gratification- society values educational success (working class are frustrated that they cannot achieve this)
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12
Q

What do postmodernists say about age identity?

Changing, no longer significant

A
  • Supermarket of style (Polhemus/Taylor)
  • Pick n mix identity
  • Media encourages us to engage in conspicious consumption
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13
Q

What does Corner say about age (old) identity?

A
  • Old people see themsleves as a ‘burden’ on society
  • They don’t work, so don’t follow capitalist values and don’t buy into consumerism
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14
Q

What do Hockey and James say about age (old) identity?

No longer significant

A
  • Those in old age have lost their personhood status (dependent, vulnerable, need care- like childhood stage)
  • Infantalisation- research into a retirement home shows clients treated like children
  • Creates a self-fulfilling prophecy (treated like children, so act like children)
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15
Q

What is the labelling theory?

Applied to age

A
  • Becker (interactionist):
  • Old people > treated as children > stigmatized identity > master status (vulnerable, innocent) > self-fulfilling propehcy (see themselves as children)
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16
Q

What do Clarke and Warren say about age (old) identity?

Still significant

A
  • Interviewed 23 people, aged 60-96, asked about experience of ageing
  • Most respondents identified this stage of life in an active and engaged way- ‘Active Ageing’
  • E.g: The Zimmers
17
Q

What is the ‘Grey Pound’ concept?

No longer significant

A
  • With greated life expectancy, people are in retirement for longer, so the ‘grey pound’ is important to contributing to capitalism
  • Older people spending
  • E.g: SAGA holidays targeted at those 50+ and anti-ageing products/botox
18
Q

What did Phillipson say about age (old) identity?

A
  • Old people are a finanical drain on society
  • See themsleves in this way
19
Q

How is childhood constructed?

A
  • Socially constructed:
  • In UK culture, childhood= innocence, dependence, vulnerability
  • In other cultures, childhood= work, marriage, boy soldiers
20
Q

What does Postman say about age (childhood) identity?

No longer significant

A
  • There is a ‘disappearance of childhood’
  • Due to media
21
Q

What does Palmer say about age (childhood) identity?

No longer significant

A
  • ‘Toxic childhood’
  • ‘Electric babysitters’
22
Q

What is young adulthood characterised by?

A
  • Career (establishing a career)
  • Family (relationships, children)
23
Q

What does Braddley say about age (middle age) identity?

A
  • Time of highest status
  • Middle age run the country and hold the power at work
  • BUT, ‘youth’ is lost, and old age comes closer: mid-life crisis and empty nest syndrome
24
Q

What do postmodernists say about changing age identities?

Changing, no longer significant

A
  • We are working and living for longer
  • Anti-ageing products/procedures extend periods of youth
  • Age is fluid and becoming less significant
25
Q

What do Featherstone and Hepworth say about age identities?

Changing

A
  • Media images of ageing can also create new identities
  • As the population ages, negative stereotypes and identities disappear, and more positive images emerge
  • E.g: comeback tours (Spicer Girls, Elton John) and retro fashion
26
Q

How can Plummer’s concept of ‘cultural relativity’ be linked to age identity?

Changing

A
  • What is acceptable in one culture is unacceptable in another
  • Can be applied to childhood
  • In UK, childhood is a time of innocence and vulnerability
  • In other cultures, childhood is a time of work, marriage, soldiers
27
Q

What do Henry and Cummings say about age identity?

A
  • ‘Disengagement theory’
  • When old people reach the age of 60, they disengage with work
  • This benefits society as they take on more useful roles (childcare)
  • Provide opportunities for young people, with better skills (tech)
  • Ensure society is stble, ordered, harmonious

Sociology- Culture, socialisation, identity (13 decks)

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