Aggresion Flashcards
(31 cards)
Aggression
Physical or verbal behaviour towards a target, that intends to cause harm, or destroys property.
The target has to be motivated to avoid that behaviour.
Violence
Aggression that has the goal of extreme physical harm or death.
Psychodynamic theory
Freud
Aggression stems from an ‘Death Instict’ (thanatos) which is in opposition to a ‘Life Instinct’ (Eros)
–> it builds up naturally from body tensions and needs to be expressed.
Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis
All frustration leads to aggression and all agression comes from frustration.
Excitation transfer
Physical arousal makes it easier to trigger aggression
Social learning Theory
- Modeling –> Tendency for a person to reproduce the actions, attitudes and emotional responses they observe in real life models
- Direct and indirect rewards –> we acquire behaviour because we or others are rewarded for it
Type A personality
Behavioural correlate of heart disease characterised by striving to achieve, time urgency, competitiveness and hostility
–> they behave generally more aggressive and have more conflicts with peers
Social Role Theory
Sex differences in behaviour are determined by society rather than one´s biology
Sexual Selection Theory
Sex differences in behaaviour are determined by evolutionary history rather than society
Catharsis
A dramatic release of pent up feelings
Cathartic Hypothesis
Acting aggressively or even viewing aggressive material reduces the feeling of anger and aggression
–> disproven
Hostile attribution bias
we have the tendency to value a situationa gainst ourselves
–> can lead to aggression
Heat (Aggression)
Heat increases aggression
–> reverse u curve - too much heat slows us down
Crowding (Aggression)
leads to Deindividualisation - people lose their sense of socialized individual identity and engage in unsocial/antisocial behaviour
General Aggression model
Anderson and Bushman 2002
A model that includes both personal and situational factors and cognitive and affective preocesses that lead to aggressive behaviour
Aggression is a social encounter that follows several steps. It starts with a person with specific characteristics in a particular context. The person and the situation are inputs that influence appraisals (thoughtful or impulsive) via affective, cognitive and arousal routes. The person’s actions then rest on whether the appraisal is thoughtful or impulsive.
Cuture of honor
A culture that endorses male violence as a way of addressing threats to reputation or economic position
Patriarchal cultures and aggression
Male directe violence is ok but female directed aggression not
Subculture of violence
A subgroup of society in which a higher level of aggression/violence is accepted as the norm
Machismo
A code in which challenges, abuse and even differences of opinion must be met with fists or other weapons
Abuse syndrome
Chronic repitition of violence in some families due to learnt patterns of aggression
–> social learning theory
Priming
An implicit memory effect in which exposure to one stimulus influences the response to another stimulus
–> activation of accessible categories or schemas in memory that influence how we process new information
Desensitisation
A serious reduction in a person´s responsiveness to material that usually evokes a strong emotional reaction
Institutional aggression
Aggression that is given formal or informal recognition and social legitimacy by being incorporated into rules and norms
Agentic state of thinking
Milgram
A frame of mind to characterize unquestioning obedience, people transfer their personal resposibility to the person giving orders.
