AIDS Flashcards
(16 cards)
What does AIDS stand for
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
Who is mostly affected by AIDS
men>women
homosexual>heterosexual
European>Asian>Māori>Pacific
How is HIV transmitted
- sexual contact
- blood (sharps injuries)
- iv drug abuse
- mother to baby during pregnancy, at birth, breastfeeding
What are the three stages of HIV progression
- acute infection stage
- clinical latency period (chronic HIV)
- AIDS
What are early signs and symptoms of HIV infection
flu-like symptoms
- fever
- lymphadenopathy
- headache
- myalgia
How is HIV tested for
- antibody testing
- bodily fluids
What are some oral manifestations of AIDS
- fungal, viral, bacterial infections
- ulcerative conditions
- neoplasms
- salivary gland hypofunction
immunosupression leads to opportunistic infections
What are some fungal infections associated with AIDS
Candidosis
- pseudomembranous candidiasis
- erythematous candidiasis
- angular chelitis
- histoplasmosis
What are some viral infections associated with AIDS
herpes simplex infections
- primary
- recurrent
- oral hairy leukoplakia
- oral cytomegalovirus infection
What are some bacterial infections associated with AIDS
- linear gingival erythema
- necrotising ulcerative gingivitis
- necrotising ulcerative periodontitis
- necrotising ulcerative stomatitis
Describe ulcerative conditions relating to AIDS
similar to recurrent aphthous ulcers
- minor
- major
- herpetiform
Describe tumors relating to AIDS
Oral Kaposi sarcoma
- caused by human herpesvirus type 8
- red/purple lesions
- destroy alveolar bone-> tooth mobility
HIV pts also have a high incidence of lymphoma
How is AIDS treated
- managed as a chronic disease
- highly active antiretroviral therapy
- tx for other opportunistic infections and diseases
- palliative therapy for some conditions
What is the aim of drug therapy for HIV
- decrease viral load
- raise CD4-T cell level
- delay development of HIV related diseases and AIDS
Describe dental management of HIV patients
- management of oral lesions due to HIV
- Management of opportunistic infections
- Dry mouth
- Routine dental treatment
What are some clinical considerations for AIDS patients
- immunosuppression
- spread to staff
- associated other diseases
- HAART can have oral side effects
- may have increased bleeding and bruising
