benedict-salivary gland lesions

Question 1

What are the major salivary glands

Answer 1

• parotid
• submandibular
• sublingual

Question 2

what are the minor salivary glands

Answer 2

• labial lingual
• palatal
• buccal
• glossopalatine
• retromolar

Question 3

Describe the parotid salivary gland

Answer 3

• Largest
• Entirely serous
• drains next to max. 6s and 7s via stenson’s duct

Question 4

Describe the submandibular salivary gland

Answer 4

• mixed mucous and serous
• more serous than mucous

Question 5

Describe the sublingual salivary gland

Answer 5

• mixed mucous and serous
• More mucous than serous

Question 6

Describe minor salivary glands

Answer 6

• everywhere except anterior hard palate and gingiva
• predominantly mucous except lingual serous glands

Question 7

Describe Mucoceles

Answer 7

• Rupture of a salivary gland duct and spillage of mucin into the surrounding soft tissue (trauma)
• dome shaped swelling, bluish colour, fluctuant

Question 8

Where and in who do mucoceles occur

Answer 8

• all ages
• children/young adults
• lower lip (60%) as more anatomically prone to trauma
• if FOM-ranula

Question 9

describe prognosis/treatment of mucoceles

Answer 9

• may go away
• may reccur & duct may need to be removed
• may mature into more fibrous connective tissue
• very benign and non consequential

Question 10

Describe mucous retention cyst

Answer 10

• true epithelium-lined cavity arising from salivary gland tissue
• caused due to duct blockage
• developmental?
• parotid
• anywhere but FOM-buccal-lips

Question 11

Describe sialolithiasis

Answer 11

• calcified material in the duct lumen
• Submandibular glad system- tortuous path, thicker mucinous secretion
• benign but consequences of removing may compromise pt

Question 12

Describe sialadenitis

Answer 12

• Inflammation of the salivary gland
• infectious (viruses, bacteria)
• non-infectious

Question 13

Describe viral sialadenitis

Answer 13

• most commonly mumps
• headache, fever, malaise, abdominal pain, 2-3 days before clinical presentation
• tender swelling of one or both parotids
• occasionally sublingual and submandibular
• red/enlarged wharton’s/stenson’s duct
• resolution in 2 weeeks
• vaccination
• analgesics

Question 14

Describe acute bacterial sialadenitis

Answer 14

• most result from ductal obstruction/decreased salivary flow allowing retrograde spread of bacteria
• parotid 1 or both
• painful swelling + trismus
• low grade fever
• purulent discharge-test
• antibiotics/analgesics and assess predisposing factor

Question 15

Describe chronic bacterial sialadenitis

Answer 15

• recurrent or persistent episodes can lead to CBS
• signs similar to acute but lower grade
• periodic pain/swelling, mealtimes
• sialography
• similar management

Question 16

Describe sjogren’s syndrome

Answer 16

• chronic autoimmune disorder involving exocrine glands
• unknown cause
• middle aged females
• rheumatoid arthritis
• xerostomia/salivary gland enlargement

Question 17

What are some symptoms of sjogren’s syndrome

Answer 17

• reduced saliva
• mouth soreness
• difficulty chewing/swallowing
• abnormal taste
• difficulty in speech
• difficulty in controlling dentures

Question 18

What are some clinical investigations for sjogren’s syndrome?

Answer 18

• auto-antibodies and inflammatory markers

Question 19

Describe management for sjogren’s syndrome

Answer 19

• exclude candidal infection
• encourage oral hygiene
• fluoride
• mouthwashes
• salivary stimulants
• salivary replacements