benedict mesenchymal lesions

Question 1

Describe mesenchymal lesions

Answer 1

• derived from the mesoderm
• connective tissues, lymphatic, and vascular tissues
• neoplastic, reactive, and developmental

Question 2

what are 7 types of mesenchymal neoplasms

Answer 2

• fibrous
• lymphovascular
• neural
• muscle
• adipose
• bone
• cartilage

Question 3

Describe fibroma and what causes it

Answer 3

• fibro-epithelial polyp
• presents as an isolated, small, firm polypoid lump in the mouth on the buccal mucosa, lip, tip of tongue
• low grade local stimuli

Question 4

how are fibroma removed?

Answer 4

excise
will not recur as long as stimuli is removed

Question 5

where are fibroma (fibroepithelial polyp) commonly found

Answer 5

between canine and lateral

Question 6

what are some other types of fibroma

Answer 6

• irritative hyperplasia
• denture induced hyperplasia

Question 7

how is hyperplasia fibroma removed

Answer 7

• excise

Question 8

Describe pyogenic granuloma and where it most commonly arises

Answer 8

• non-neoplastic inflammatory lesion
• consists of granulation tissue, not fibrotic
• appears red
• may mature into fibrous lesion over time
• most commonly arises in the labial aspect of the gum

Question 9

What is the pyogenic granuloma associated with pregnancy

Answer 9

pregnancy epulis

Question 10

Describe peripheral giant cell granuloma and who it occurs in

Answer 10

• reactive rather than neoplastic
• gingiva, females (peak 40-50)
• sessile/pedunculated blue/purple lesion
• may cause ‘cupping’ saucerization on bone
• must be differentiated from CGCG histologically
• 10% recurrence- multinucletic- harder to remove

Question 11

Describe haemangioma

Answer 11

• vascular
• benign tumor of infancy
• rapid growth followed by gradual shrinkage
• most arise within 8 weeks of life

Question 12

Describe vascular malformations

Answer 12

• structural anomalies of blood vessels without endothelial proliferation
• present at birth and persist through life
• can feel pulsating if arterial
• red/purple, soft to touch

Question 13

Describe sturge weber syndrome

Answer 13

• rare, non hereditary developmental condition
• unilateral haematomatous vascular proliferation (port wine stain) of the face
• usually follows the trigeminal nerve

Question 14

Describe lipoma

Answer 14

• benign tumor of the fat
• mostly in obese people but unrelated to fat metabolism
• asymptomatic, soft, smooth, nodular
• mostly buccal mucosa
• can be herniation of buccal fat pad after wisdom tooth removal
• adults 40+
• well circumscribed may be capsulated

Question 15

Describe neurilemoma

Answer 15

• benign neural neoplasm of schwann cell origin
• relatively uncommon
• young-middle age adults

Question 16

Describe clinical features of neurilemoma

Answer 16

• slow growing
• encapsulated
• asymptomatic
• variable in size
• tongue most common site
  may arise centally within posterior mandible

Question 17

Describe neurofibroma

Answer 17

• most common type of peripheral nerve neoplasm
• solitary or part of neurofibromatosis
• mixture of cell types: schwann cells and perineural fibroblasts
• tongue and buccal mucosa
• young adults
• slow growing, soft, painless
• rarely may arise centrally in bone

Question 18

Describe osteoma

Answer 18

• benign tumor composed of mature compact or cancellous bone
• essentially limited to craniofacial skeleton
• Some represent end stage of healing
• tori and exostosis are histologically identical but not considered osteomas