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Psychology: Attachment > Ainsworth's strange situation: Types of attachment > Flashcards

Ainsworth's strange situation: Types of attachment Flashcards

1
Q

What is the strange situation?

A

A test of attachment types

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2
Q

What type of study was the strange situation?

A

Observation

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3
Q

What type of observation was the strange situation?

A

Controlled + overt

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4
Q

Where was the strange situation conducted?

A

A novel room containing toys

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5
Q

How many episodes were there in Ainsworth’s strange situation?

A

8

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6
Q

What were the 4 observed behaviours in the strange situation?

A

Reunion behaviour, safe base behaviour, separation anxiety and stranger anxiety

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7
Q

How many observers were there for the strange situation?

A

Multiple

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8
Q

What are the 3 attachment types?

A

Secure, insecure-avoidant and insecure-resistant

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9
Q

What is the safe base behaviour like in securely attached infants?

A

High willingness to explore

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10
Q

What is the stranger anxiety like in securely attached infants?

A

Moderate

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11
Q

What is the separation anxiety like in securely attached infants?

A

Moderate

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12
Q

What is the reunion behaviour like in securely attached infants?

A

Joy on reunion

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13
Q

According to Ainsworth’s strange situation, how many infants were securely attached?

A

66%

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14
Q

What is the safe base behaviour like in insecure avoidant infants?

A

High willingness to explore

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15
Q

What is the stranger anxiety like in insecure avoidant infants?

A

Low

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16
Q

What is the separation anxiety like in insecure avoidant infants?

A

They are indifferent

17
Q

What is the reunion behaviour like in insecure avoidant infants?

A

They avoid contact

18
Q

According to Ainsworth’s strange situation, how many infants were insecure-avoidant?

A

22%

19
Q

What is the safe base behaviour like in insecure resistant infants?

A

Low willingness to explore

20
Q

What is the stranger anxiety like in insecure resistant infants?

A

Extreme

21
Q

What is the separation anxiety like in insecure resistant infants?

A

Extreme

22
Q

What is the reunion behaviour like in insecure resistant infants?

A

Seek + reject

23
Q

According to Ainsworth’s strange situation, how many infants were insecure-resistant?

A

12%

24
Q

What are the 4 AO3 points of the strange situation?

A

1) More than 3 types of attachment
2) Methodological strengths
3) Methodological criticisms
4) Lacks cross-cultural validity

25
Q

What is the 4th type of attachment?

A

Insecure-disorganised

26
Q

Give an example of insecure-disorganised behaviour?

A

Showing very strong attachment behaviour, followed by avoidance or fear

27
Q

What is insecure-disorganised attachment characterised by?

A

Inconsistent social behaviour patterns

28
Q

Why do infants develop an insecure-disorganised attachment type?

A

They don’t have a consistent attachment, and so lack a coherent strategy for dealing with the stress of separation

29
Q

What is the interobserver reliability of the strange situation?

A

0.94

30
Q

What bias did the strange situation not suffer from?

A

Observer bias

31
Q

Why does the strange situation have high interobserver reliability?

A

It has highly standardised behavioural categories

32
Q

Give 2 examples of extraneous variables controlled for in the strange situation.

A

The stranger used and the length of episodes were controlled

33
Q

What validity does the strange situation lack?

A

Internal validity

34
Q

What may have Ainsworth measured rather than attachment type?

A

The quality of relationship

35
Q

Why is it an issue that Ainsworth only tested mother-infant relationships?

A

The infant may not have had a primary attachment bond with their mother

36
Q

What country was the strange situation conducted in?

A

America

37
Q

What type of culture is America?

A

Individualist + Western

38
Q

Why can’t the strange situation be applied to Israel?

A

The group needs are emphasised - infants are typically looked after by metapelets at a Kibbutz - can often lead to the metapelet being their main caregiver

Psychology: Attachment (11 decks)

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