Alcohols

Question 1

What is the general formula of an alcohol

Answer 1

CnH2n+1OH

Question 2

What kind of bonding occurs between alcohol molecules

Answer 2

Hydrogen bonding

Question 3

How do you name alcohols

Answer 3

replacing the ending “-e” of the corresponding alkane with “-ol”

Question 4

What are the methods for producing ethanol

Answer 4

hydration of ethene (elimination)
fermentation

Question 5

what is the equation for fermentation

Answer 5

C6H12O6(aq) ➔ 2C2H5OH(aq) + 2CO2(g)

Question 6

What are the conditions for fermentation

Answer 6

This process occurs anaerobically (without oxygen) at 30-40°C.

Question 7

Is fermentation carbon neutral

Answer 7

in theory yes as carbon dioxide taken in via photosynthsis is relased again during the reaction

Question 8

Give an equation for the combustion of alcohol

Answer 8

C2H5OH(l) + 3O2(g) ➔ 2CO2(g) + 3H2O(g)

Question 9

How to test for primary and secondary alcohols

Answer 9

An oxidation reaction caused by acidified potassium dichromate. Primary become aldehydes and then carboxylic acids. Secondary become ketones. Both cause colour change from orange to green

Question 10

What is the name of the reaction where alcohols turn into an alkene and water

Answer 10

Dehydration or elimination

Question 11

Draw a dehydration reaction

Answer 11