aromatics Flashcards
(10 cards)
1
Q
how is benzene structured
A
a planar ring structure composed of a hexagonal ring that includes six carbon atoms with 3 alternating double bonds
2
Q
draw the kule model and the delocalised models of benzene
A
3
Q
how is the delocalised model formed
A
overlapping p orbitals around the ring create a ring of delocalised electrons
4
Q
how to name aromatics
A
- Substituted benzene - Here, the names of the substituents precede the word “benzene”. Examples include chlorobenzene, nitrobenzene, and methylbenzene.
OR - Phenyl derivatives - These compounds are named as derivatives of the phenyl group (C6H5-). Examples include phenol and phenylamine.
5
Q
what reaction does benzene undergo
A
electrophilic substitution
6
Q
draw a general electrophilic sub reaction
A
7
Q
how to generate the NO2+ ion
A
HNO3 + H2SO4 ➔ NO2+ + HSO4- + H2O
8
Q
how to control nitration of benzene
A
keep reaction at less than 60 degrees
9
Q
what is friedel crafts acylation
A
The acylation of benzene using ethanoyl chloride and AlCl3
10
Q
how is the CH3CO+ ion formed
A
CH3COCl + AlCl3 ➔ CH3CO+ + AlCl4-
