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Medicine > Alimentary Anatomy > Flashcards

Alimentary Anatomy Flashcards

(102 cards)

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1
Q

Innervation of External Oblique

A

T7-T11

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2
Q

Innervation of Internal Oblique

A

T6-L1

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3
Q

Innervation of Transversus Abdominus

A

T6-L1

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4
Q

Innervation of Rectus Abdominus

A

T6-T12

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5
Q

What 3 Muscles aponeurose to form the rectus sheath

A

External Obliques
Internal Obliques
Transversus Abdominus

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6
Q

What 2 muscles lie within the rectus sheath

A

Rectus Abdominus
Pyramidalis

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7
Q

What is the function of the pyramidalis muscle

A

Tense the rectus linae alba

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8
Q

Where does the rectus sheath terminate inferiorly

A

Arcuate line

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9
Q

Describe superficial blood supply of the anterior abdomen wall

A

Superior and inferior epigastric arteries

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10
Q

Describe superficial blood drainage of the anterior abdomen wall

A

Superior and inferior epigastric veins

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11
Q

Where does the superior epigastric artery arise

A

Internal thoracic artery

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12
Q

Where does the inferior epigastric artery arise

A

External ileac artery

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13
Q

Where does the superior epigastric vein drain

A

Subclavian/jugular junction

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14
Q

Where does the inferior epigastric vein drain

A

Common iliac vein

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15
Q

Where does superficial lymph drainage of the abdominal wall go above the umbilicus

A

Axillary LNs

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16
Q

Where does superficial lymph drainage of the abdominal wall go below the umbilicus

A

Inguinal LNs

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17
Q

Roughly how long is the inguinal canal

A

4cm

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18
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the inguinal ligament

A

Origin - Pubic tubercle
Insertion - ASIS

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19
Q

The inguinal ligament is formed by the aponeuroses of which muscle

A

External obliques

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20
Q

The superficial inguinal ring is a break in which layer of the muscle

A

External obliques

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21
Q

What layer is the deep inguinal ring an opening in

A

Fascia Transversalis

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22
Q

What goes through the inguinal canal in a male

A

Spermatic duct
Ilio-inguinal nerve
Blood and lymph vessels

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23
Q

What goes through the inguinal canal in a female

A

Round ligament of uterus
Ilio-inguinal nerve
Blood vessels and lymphatics

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24
Q

What level does the celiac trunk begin

A

T12

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25
What level does the superior mesenteric artery begin
L1
26
What level does the inferior mesenteric artery begin
L3-4
27
What are the 3 branches of the celiac trunk
Left gastric artery Common hepatic artery Splenic artery
28
What level do the renal arteries begin
L1
29
What veins merge to form the portal vein
Superior mesenteric Splenic vein
30
What level does the aorta and IVC bifurcate
L4
31
Where does the inferior mesenteric vein drain
Splenic vein
32
Name 3 points of portosystemic anastamoses
Lower oesophagus Anal canal Umbilical region
33
Where does the lumbar plexus originate
L1-L4
34
What nerves come from the lumbar plexus (in superior to inferior order)
Iliohypogastric Ilio-inguinal Genitofemoral Lateral cutaneous Femoral Obturator
35
What are the root value(s) of the iliohypogastric nerve
L1
36
What are the root value(s) of the ilio-inguinal nerve
L1
37
What are the root value(s) of the genitofemoral nerve
L1 + L2
38
What are the root value(s) of the lateral cutaneous femoral nerve
L2 + L3
39
What are the root value(s) of the femoral nerve
L2 + L3 + L4
40
What are the root values of the obturator nerve
L2 + L3 + L4
41
What 3 structures enter the kidney
Renal vein Renal artery Renal pelvis (ureter)
42
How are the kidneys peritonised
Retroperitoneal
43
At what 3 points are the ureters constricted
Renal pelvis Uretovesical junction Pelvic brim
44
Which layer of peritoneum is more sensitive to pain, pressure and temperature
Parietal
45
How are the kidneys peritonised
Retroperitoneal
46
How is the pancreas peritonised
Retroperitoneal
47
How is the IVC peritonised
Retroperitoneal
48
How is the aorta peritonised
Retroperitoneal
49
How are the ascending and descending colon peritonised
Retroperitoneal
50
How is the transverse colon peritonised
Intraperitoneal
51
How is the small intestine peritonised
Intraperitoneal
52
How is the stomach peritonised
Intraperitoneal
53
How is the liver peritonised
Intraperitoneal
54
How is the spleen peritonised
Intraperitoneal
55
How is the sigmoid colon peritonised
Intraperitoneal
56
How is the greater sac continuous with the lesser sac
Epiploic foramen
57
How is the small intestine connected to the posterior wall of the abdomen
Mesentry
58
What level is the transpyloric plane
L1
59
Which costal cartilage is the surface marking for the gallbladder
9th
60
Which ribs does the spleen lie under
9-11
61
What is the blood supply of the abdominal oesophagus
Left gastric artery + left inferior phrenic artery
62
What is the uppermost part of the stomach called
FundusW
63
What is the main part of the stomach between the 2 curvatures called
Body
64
What parts are in the lower stomach
Antrum + Pylorus
65
What does the lesser omentum attach
Stomach (lesser curvature) to liver
66
What does the greater omentum attach
Stomach (greater curvature) to Transverse colon
67
What layer of the gut tube forms rugae
Mucosa + submucosa
68
What artery does the right gastric artery come from
Hepatic artery
69
What are the arteries that supply the greater curvature of the stomach called
Left and right gastro-omental arteries
70
Where do the left and right gastric vein drain
Portal vein
71
Where does the left gastro-omental vein drain
Splenic vein
72
Where does the right gastro-omental vein drain
Superior mesenteric vein
73
What is the parasympathetic supply of the stomach
Vagus nerve
74
What is the sympathetic supply of the stomach
T6-T9 - celiac plexus
75
How many parts does the duodenum have
4
76
What part of the duodenum is the ampulla of vater in
2nd
77
What is the main opening in the duodenum called
Hepatopancreatic ampulla (ampulla of vater)
78
What is the sphincter that controls the hepatopancreatic ampulla called
Major duodenal papilla/sphincter of oddi
79
What are the characteristics of the jejunum (vs ileum)
Darker Thicker Long vasa recta Few large arterial arcades Less fat in mesentry Many tall circular folds Few Peyer's patches
80
What are the characteristics of the ileum (vs jejunum)
Lighter Thinner Short vasa recta Many small arterial arcades More fat in mesentry Few/no tall circular folds Many Peyer's patches
81
What artery supplies the midgut
Superior mesenteric artery
82
What are the long bands of muscle that run alongside the colon
Teniae Coli
83
What are the small projections from the Teniae coli
Omental apendices
84
What are the segments of the colon called
Haustra
85
What is the upper right bend in the colon called
Hepatic flexure
86
What is the upper left bend in the colon called
Splenic flexure
87
What joins the apendix and the caecum
Orifice of apendix
88
What lies between the caecum and the ileum
Ileocecal valve
89
What is the arterial supply of the colon (after 2/3 of transverse colon)
Inferior mesenteric Artery
90
What is the blood supply of the rectum
Upper 1/3 - Inferior mesenteric A. Lower 2/3 - Internal ileac arteries
91
What is the pectinate line in the anal canal
Where the epithelium switches from columnar -> non-keratinizing stratified squamous
92
What are the 4 lobes of the liver
Left Right Caudate Quadrate
93
What is more superior out of the quadrate and caudate lobes of the liver
Caudate
94
What is in the porta hepatis
Portal vein Hepatic artery Common hepatic duct
95
Where do central veins of the liver drain
Hepatic vein
96
What do the left and right hepatic ducts unite to form
Common hepatic duct
97
What do the cystic duct and common hepatic duct unite to form
Common bile duct
98
Where do the pancreatic duct and common bile duct unite to enter the duodenum
Hepatopancreatic ampulla
99
What is another name for an accessory pancreatic duct
Duct of Santorini
100
What are the 4 parts of the pancreas (right to left)
Head Neck Body Tail
101
Which vein is formed posterior to the neck of pancreas
Portal vein
102
What is the arterial supply of the pancreas
Dual supply; coeliac + superior mesenteric arteries

Medicine (13 decks)

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