Random GI

Question 1

What type of cancer is associated with the middle third of the oesophagus

Answer 1

Squamous cell

Question 2

Where does gallstone pain radiate to

Answer 2

Shoulder

Question 3

What type of cancer is associated with primary biliary cholangitis

Answer 3

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Question 4

What type of cancer is associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis

Answer 4

CholangiocarcinomaW

Question 5

What condition is associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis

Answer 5

Ulcerative colitis

Question 6

What antibodies are used to help diagnose primary biliary cholangitis

Answer 6

Anti-mitochondrial antibodies

Question 7

How are ALT and AST related in NAFLD

Answer 7

ALT:AST > 1

Question 8

How is a severe UC flare treated

Answer 8

IV steroids

Question 9

What are the 3 medications of triple therapy for H.Pylori

Answer 9

Amoxicillin + Clarithromycin + PPIW

Question 10

What is amoxicillin replaced by in triple therapy for H.Pylori for penicillin allergy

Answer 10

Metronidazole

Question 11

What is the appearance of the small bowel in small bowel obstruction imaging

Answer 11

Central distribution

Question 12

When does migrating motility complex stop

Answer 12

While eating

Question 13

What activates zymogens

Answer 13

Enterokinase on the brush border membrane in the duodenum

Question 14

Which artery is often damaged in cholecystectomy

Answer 14

Cystic artery

Question 15

What is the first line investigation for NASH

Answer 15

Ultrasound

Question 16

What is used to treat alcohol withdrawal

Answer 16

Chlordiazepoxide

Question 17

Which ion is amino acid absorbtion dependant on

Answer 17

Sodium

Question 18

Which centres are activated by rectal stretch receptors

Answer 18

Parasympathetic centres in the spinal cord

Question 19

What must be considered in patients taking immunosupressants

Answer 19

Neutropenia

Question 20

How is neutropenia investigated

Answer 20

FBC

Question 21

Which artery supplies the duodenum

Answer 21

Gastroduodenal artery

Question 22

What is the next investigation after a positive FIT test

Answer 22

Colonoscopy

Question 23

Crypt abscesses are characteristic of which bowel disease

Answer 23

Ulcerative colitis

Question 24

Mucosa to serosa inflammation is characteristic of which bowel disease

Answer 24

Crohn’s disease

Question 25

What condition has the corkscrew appearance on a barium swallow

Answer 25

Diffuse oesophageal spasm

Question 26

What is gold standard treatment of high grade barrets oesophagus

Answer 26

Ablation + resection

Question 27

What is first line treatment of achalasia

Answer 27

Myotomy

Question 28

What type of IBD is associated with blood in the stool

Answer 28

Ulcerative colitis

Question 29

How are water soluable vitamins absorbed

Answer 29

Via active transport

Question 30

Which type of peptic ulcer pain is made better by eating

Answer 30

Duodenal ulcer

Question 31

Which type of peptic ulcer pain is made worse by eating

Answer 31

Gastric ulcer

Question 32

Which ion does the PepT1 transporter utilise

Answer 32

Hydrogen

Question 33

How is primary sclerosing cholangitis diagnosed

Answer 33

MRCP

Question 34

How is achalasia diagnosed

Answer 34

Oesophageal manometry

Question 35

How many bowel movements per day is considered a mild UC flare

Answer 35

< 4

Question 36

How many bowel movements per day is considered a moderate UC flare

Answer 36

4-6

Question 37

How many bowel movements per day is considered a severe UC flare

Answer 37

> 6

Question 38

How are severe UC flares treated

Answer 38

IV steroids

Question 39

Which signalling molecules stimulate histamine

Answer 39

Gastrin Acetylcholine

Question 40

What investigation is done for GORD + red flag symptoms

Answer 40

Endoscopy + biopsy

Question 41

Which organ plays a major role in Na+ reabsorption

Answer 41

Large colon

Question 42

What is the management of failed GORD treatment

Answer 42

Endoscopy

Question 43

What does somatostatin inhibit

Answer 43

EVERYTHING

Question 44

Which cells secrete gastrin

Answer 44

G cells

Question 45

Which cells in the stomach secrete histamine

Answer 45

Enterochromafin cells

Question 46

What does gastrin do

Answer 46

Boost gastric secretion Increase gastric motility

Question 47

How does vagus stimulation affect gastrin levels

Answer 47

Increases gastrin

Question 48

What does secretin do

Answer 48

Reduce gastric motility Reduce gastric secretion Increases bicarbonate secretion

Question 49

What causes secretin secretion

Answer 49

Bolus in duodenum Decreased duodenum pH

Question 50

Where is secretin released

Answer 50

S cells

Question 51

What increases CCK release

Answer 51

Protein and fat in duodenum

Question 52

What cells release CCK

Answer 52

I cells

Question 53

What does CCK do

Answer 53

Decrease gastric emptying Contract gallbladder Relax sphincter of Oddi

Question 54

What cells release gastric inhibitory peptide

Answer 54

K cells

Question 55

What does gastric inhibitory peptide do

Answer 55

Decrease gastric secretion and motility Increase insulin secretion

Question 56

What causes gastric inhibitory peptide release

Answer 56

Protein and fat in duodenum Low pH in duodenum

Question 57

What cells release motilin

Answer 57

M cells

Question 58

What does motilin do

Answer 58

Increase GIT motility (stimulate MMCs)

Question 59

What causes motilin secretion

Answer 59

Protein and fat in duodenum Low pH in duodenum Vagal stimulation

Question 60

What cells release somatostatin

Answer 60

Delta cells

Question 61

What causes somatostatin release

Answer 61

Protein and fat in duodenum Low pH in duodenum Vagal stimulation

Question 62

Which drug is a synthetic version of somatostatin

Answer 62

Octreotide