All iClicker Questions Flashcards by Megan Soares

Can there be sounds that do not involve any vibration of an object?

A. Yes, maybe possible
B. No, it’s impossible
C. Not sure

B. No, it’s impossible

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Feed-forward models involve real-time correction and adaptation based on ongoing speech.

A. True
B. False
C. Not sure

B. False

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Which one is an example of a vibrotactile experience?

A. Feeling the warmth of the sun on your skin.
B. Hearing a loud screaming noise from a speaker.
C. Sensing rapid rattling of your phone when it receives a notification.
D. Smelling a flower in a garden.

C. Sensing rapid rattling of your phone when it receives a notification.

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Which anatomical plane divides the body into anterior and posterior parts?

A. sagittal
B. coronal
C. transverse

B. coronal

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You want an anatomical plane which contains both the eyes. Which plane(s) can give you that?

A. sagittal
B. coronal
C. transverse
D. only coronal and transverse
E. all of A ,B, andC

D. only coronal and transverse

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You are comparing two anatomical landmarks. You want to determine which of the is medial in relation to the other. Which anatomical plane would allow you to investigate this?

A. sagittal
B. coronal
C. transverse

A. sagittal

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Which anatomical term refers to the position closer to the head compared to another part of the body?

A. inferior
B. superior
C. distal
D. proximal

B. superior

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Say “u-u-u-u-u”!
You probably used your facial nerve (aka the seventh cranial nerve or CN VII) for moving the lips while producing the sound. Cranial Nerve VII most likely belongs to:

A. CNS
B. PNS
C. Not sure

B. PNS

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The myelin sheath is particularly important in neurons because it:

A. Generates the electrical impulses needed for neural communication..
B. Speeds up the transmission of electrical impulses along the axon.
C. Speeds up the collection of signals from the dendrites to the cell body.
D. Connects the central nervous system to muscles and glands.

B. Speeds up the transmission of electrical impulses along the axon.

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What is the main function of the axon terminal in a neuron?

A. To collect signals from the dendrites of another neuron.
B. To cover the axon and speed up neural transmission.
C. To regenerate damaged neural fibers.
D. To release neurotransmitters into the synapse.

D. To release neurotransmitters into the synapse.

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What is the primary function of the sodium-potassium pump during the resting potential of a neuron?

A. To depolarize the neuron by allowing sodium ions into the cell.
B. To hyperpolarize the neuron by removing potassium ions from the cell.
C. To maintain the resting membrane potential by pumping sodium ions out and potassium ions into the neuron.
D. To generate action potentials by reversing the ion concentration gradient.

C. To maintain the resting membrane potential by pumping sodium ions out and potassium ions into the neuron.

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During which phase of the action potential do the potassium channels open?

A. Rising phase of the action potential.
B. Depolarization phase.
C. Repolarization phase.
D. Hyperpolarization phase.

C. Repolarization phase.

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Which area of the brain is primarily responsible for speech production and is typically located in the posteterior-inferior aspect of the frontal lobe in the left hemisphere?

A. Wernicke’s Area
B. Auditory Cortex
C. Broca’s Area
D. Angular Gyrus

C. Broca’s Area

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The Arcuate Fasciculus is a bundle of nerve fibers that connects which two areas of the brain, playing a crucial role in coordinated and fluent speech?

A. Motor Cortex and Auditory Cortex
B. Broca’s Area and Wernicke’s Area
C. Angular Gyrus and Supplementary Motor Area
D. Auditory Cortex and Angular Gyrus

B. Broca’s Area and Wernicke’s Area

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Which of the following statements about the International 10-20 System for EEG electrode placement is false?

A. It uses four anatomical landmarks: the nasion, inion, and two preauricular points.
B. The system ensures proportional accuracy across different head sizes.
C. The electrode locations correspond to underlying areas of the cerebral cortex.
D. The “10” and “20” refer to the percentage of the total circumference of the skull.

D. The “10” and “20” refer to the percentage of the total circumference of the skull.

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Say you heard someone say “Out of all the nice cars, only the small green one mewed.” Which of ERP will be triggered by this?

A. N100-P200
B. N400
C. P600
D. Not sure yet

B. N400

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Considering the electrode placement at T4, which function is primarily associated with the brain area beneath this electrode?

A. Visual processing and spatial awareness.
B. Auditory processing and language comprehension.
C. Executive functions and decision making.
D. Motor coordination and balance.

B. Auditory processing and language comprehension.

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John felt a mosquito bite on his right cheek. Which cranial nerve helped John feel that mosquito bite?

A. Cranial Nerve I (Olfactory)
B. Cranial Nerve V (Trigeminal)
C. Cranial Nerve VII (Facial)
D. Cranial Nerve XII (Hypoglossal)

B) Cranial Nerve V (Trigeminal)

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The Vestibulocochlear nerve (Cranial Nerve VIII) is essential for which of the following functions?

A. Chewing and mastication
B. Hearing and balance
C. Taste and salivation
D. Movement of the tongue

B) Hearing and balance

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The individual in the image exhibits a drooping mouth. If a nerve is related to this, which nerve should it be?
A. Cranial Nerve V
B. Cranial Nerve VII
C. Cranial Nerve X
D. Cranial Nerve XII

B) Cranial Nerve VII (facial)

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Which of the following best describes the function of the phrenic nerve?

A. It provides motor innervation to the muscles of the arm.
B. It carries sensory information from the thoracic region to the spinal cord.
C. It provides motor innervation to the diaphragm, essential for breathing.
D. It transmits sensory information from the cervical region to the brain.

C. It provides motor innervation to the diaphragm, essential for breathing.

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What is the basic functional unit of a muscle fiber that is responsible for muscle contraction?
A. Motor Unit
B. Myofibril
C. Sarcolemma
D. Sarcomere

D. Sarcomere

Which of the following best defines Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)?

A. The maximum volume of air inhaled after a normal inhalation.
B. The maximum volume of air exhaled after a normal exhalation.
C. The total volume of air that can be exhaled after maximal inhalation.
D. The volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximal exhalation.

A. The maximum volume of air inhaled after a normal inhalation.

Which statement correctly describes the hierarchical structure of the airway leading to the lungs?

A. The trachea divides into bronchioles, which lead to the alveolar ducts and eventually the alveoli.
B. The bronchi branch into the trachea, which further divides into alveoli.
C. The bronchi branch directly into alveolar sacs, bypassing the bronchioles and
alveolar ducts.
D. The trachea bifurcates into bronchi, which divide into bronchioles, leading to alveolar ducts and alveoli.

D. The trachea bifurcates into bronchi, which divide into bronchioles, leading to alveolar ducts and alveoli.

What role does the central tendon play in the functioning of the diaphragm during inhalation? A. It acts as a hinge point allowing the diaphragm to expand outward. B. It serves as the attachment site for the heart and lungs. C. It transmits the force generated by the diaphragm’s muscular contractions and enables the diaphragm to flatten and move downward. D. It prevents the diaphragm from over-contracting during inhalation.

C. It transmits the force generated by the diaphragm’s muscular contractions and enables the diaphragm to flatten and move downward.

A patient with weakened abdominal muscles is likely to experience difficulty with which aspect of breathing? A. Passive inhalation during relaxed breathing. B. Active exhalation during activities such as coughing or singing. C. Elastic recoil of the lungs during quiet breathing. D. Contraction of the diaphragm for inhalation.

B. Active exhalation during activities such as coughing or singing.

You are analyzing a raw surface EMG (sEMG) signal recorded from a subject’s biceps during a strength task. You notice that the signal contains both positive and negative voltage fluctuations. What would be the most appropriate next step to make the signal more useful for quantifying muscle activation over time? A. Apply a high-pass filter to remove low-frequency noise B. Perform rectification to convert all values to positive or negative C. Compute the Fourier transform to analyze the frequency content D. Reduce the sampling rate to smooth the data

B. Perform rectification to convert all values to positive or negative

After rectifying an EMG signal, you notice that the signal still exhibits rapid fluctuations. You want to extract a more stable representation of muscle activation patterns over time. Which of the following would be the most appropriate next step? A. Apply an operation that sums up the signals to account for the negative and positive values B. Increase the amplitude of the EMG signal for better visualization C. Apply a low-pass filter to remove high-frequency noise D. Apply a high-pass filter to remove low-frequency noise

C. Apply a low-pass filter to remove high-frequency noise

The inferior horns of the thyroid cartilage are attached to.... A. Thyroid lamina B. Cricoid cartilage C. Arytenoid cartilages D. Epiglottis

B. Cricoid cartilage

The epiglottis plays a crucial role in preventing food from entering the trachea by acting as a: A. Structural support for the vocal folds B. Movable flap that covers the glottis during swallowing C. Pivot point for arytenoid cartilage movement D. Source of tension for vocal fold adjustment

B. Movable flap that covers the glottis during swallowing

Which muscles are primarily responsible for making sure the vocal folds stay apart when you produce and aspirated sound? A. Lateral cricoarytenoid (LCA) muscles B. Oblique inter-arytenoid muscles C. Posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA) muscles D. Cricothyroid (CT) muscles

C. Posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA) muscles

Which of the following bones is directly involved in suspending the larynx? A. Clavicle B. Scapula C. Hyoid bone D. Manubrium of the sternum

C. Hyoid bone

What is the primary function of the middle pharyngeal constrictor? A. Narrowing the laryngopharynx and pulling the larynx backward B. Raising and retracting the hyoid bone while narrowing the oropharynx C. Lowering the pharynx and expanding the airway D. Widening the esophageal opening for swallowing

B. Raising and retracting the hyoid bone while narrowing the oropharynx

Which of the following muscles is NOT part of the infrahyoid (strap) muscles? A. Sternothyroid B. Thyrohyoid C. Omohyoid D. Stylohyoid

D. Stylohyoid

Do you think mylohyoid can potentially lower the jaw? A. Yes B. No

A. Yes

Say you are producing the sound [t’]. Which set of muscles will need to be involved in relation to larynx raising or lowering? A. Stylohyoid Muscles B. Superiod Pharyngeal Constrictor Muscles C. Sternothyroid Muscles D. Sternostyloid Muscles

A. Stylohyoid Muscles

The function of the Palatoglossus muscle includes which of the following? A. Tensing the soft palate B. Drawing the soft palate towards the tongue and narrowing the oropharyngeal isthmus C. Elevating and thickening the uvula D. Opening the Eustachian tube

B. Drawing the soft palate towards the tongue and narrowing the oropharyngeal isthmus

Which of the following muscles is primarily engaged in the circular method of VPP closure? A. Tensor veli palatini B. Palatoglossus C. Levator veli palatini and superior pharyngeal constrictor D. Musculus uvulae

C. Levator veli palatini and superior pharyngeal constrictor

What structure is located on the opposite side of the mental protuberance? A. The mental spines B. The mylohyoid lines C. The mental syphysis D. Coronoid process

A. The mental spines

Which structure of the mandible attaches to the temporal bone? A. Coronoid process B. Condyle process C. Angle of the mandible

B. Condyle process

Which one is FALSE about the temporalis muscle? A. It is a muscle of mastication. B. It depresses the mandible during jaw opening. C. Its origin intersects with the frontal bone. D. It inserts on the coronoid process of the mandible.

B. It depresses the mandible during jaw opening.

Which of the following muscles does NOT contribute to the elevation of the mandible? A. Temporalis muscle B. Masseter muscle C. Medial pterygoid muscle D. Lateral pterygoid muscle

D. Lateral pterygoid muscle

You want to see if younger people have a more protruded tongue in [θ] (as in "think") than older people. Would ultrasound be an appropriate method for this study? A. Yes B. No

A. Yes

You find a claim that [ʃ] (as in "show") involves a groove running along the anterior-posterior axis of the tongue while [s] (as in "so") doesn’t. Would ultrasound be an appropriate method to investigate this? A. Yes B. No

A. Yes

Which of the following tongue movements or speech gestures most likely requires activation of the superior longitudinal muscle? A. Flattening the tongue blade B. Curling the tongue tip upward C. Pulling the tongue upward and backward D. Pulling the tongue forward

B. Curling the tongue tip upward

Say the word "moth". Which one is true about the intrinsic muscles of the tongue for the last consonant? (Choose the best option!) A. both verticalis and superior longitudinals are active B. both transversus and inferior longitudinals are active C. verticalis is active but superior longitudinals are not D. transversus is active but inferior longitudinals are not

A. both verticalis and superior longitudinals are active

Which sequence should have an activation of the superior longitudinal muscles A. [ka-ka-ka-ka] B. [ma-ma-ma-ma] C. [la-la-la-la] D. [ba-ba-ba-ba]

C. [la-la-la-la]

Which type of bracing is more prevalent in speech you think? A. Medial bracing B. Lateral bracing C. Both are approximately the same

B. Lateral bracing

Which of the following sound involves medial bracing: A. [j] B. [ɭ] C. [ŋ] D. [ʙ]

B. [ɭ]

Static palatography is suitable for studying the degree of constriction in the coronal consonants. A. True B. False

A. True

You are producing the sound [b]. Which part of the orbicularis oris (OO) muscle needs greater activation? A. Marginal OO B. Peripheral OO C. Both D. Neither

B. Peripheral OO

Which muscle likely has a greater activation in fake smiles? A. risorius B. zygomaticus major C. levator labii superioris D. mentalis

A. risorius

In terms of rounding, the vowel [ʊ] is expected to require less finer control of OO muscles than the vowel [u]. A. True B. False

A. True

How do you say “bestbuy" in casual/fast speech? If not, which one applies here? A. Deletion B. Transition C. Compromise

A. Deletion