Alveolar Bone

Question 0

% of organic composition of alveolar bone?

Collagen %?

Noncollagenous %?

Answer 0

33%

28%

5%

Question 1

% of inorganic composition of alveolar bone?

Answer 1

67% hydroxyapatite

Question 2

Forces alveolar bone can best resist? (2)

Answer 2

• Compressive forces
• Forces directed along the long axis of the tooth

Question 3

Forces alveolar bone can least resist? (2)

Answer 3

• Tensile forces
• Slicing forces

Question 4

Functions of alveolar bone? (4)

Answer 4

• Support and protection
• Attachment of muscles
• Reservoir of minerals
• Hemopoiesis

Question 5

Part of maxilla and mandible with the teeth and alveolar sockets?

Answer 5

Alveolar process

Question 6

It is where the alveolar process rests.

Answer 6

Basal bone

Question 7

True or false. Proper development of tooth depends on the alveolar process?

Answer 7

False.

Proper development of alveolar process is dependent on tooth eruption

Question 8

True or false. Alveolar process may be found in newborns?

Answer 8

False. No teeth, no alveolar process

Question 9

True or false. If bone is lost, remodeling occurs and alveolar process is restored

Answer 9

False. No more alveolar process after bone remodeling

Question 10

It is what occurs after remodeling of alveolar bone.

Answer 10

Residual ridge

Question 11

Compose of outer and inner cortical plate of bone that encloses the spongiosa?

Answer 11

Alveolar process

Question 12

Other terms for spongy bone?

Answer 12

Trabecular or cancellous bone

Question 13

Lines the alveolus contained within the alveolar process?

Answer 13

Alveolar bone proper

Question 14

Perforations of the alveolar bone?

Answer 14

Cribriform plate

Question 15

It is formed by the coronal rim of the alveolar bone.

Answer 15

Alveolar crest

Question 16

Alveolar bone parallels the CEJ at a distance of ____ apical to it.

Answer 16

1-2mm

Question 17

True or false. Alveolar bone proper may be fused with the cortical plate of the alveolar process?

Answer 17

True

Question 18

Radiographic term for alveolar bone proper?

Answer 18

Lamina dura

Question 19

Cell responsible for mineralization of bone?

Answer 19

Osteoblast

Question 20

Osteoblasts synthesize what? (2)

Answer 20

• Type I and IV collagen
• Cytokines

Question 21

Osteoblasts are derived from what cells?

Answer 21

Mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC and liver; CB-MSC)

Question 22

When bone formation stops, osteoblasts become inactive and termed as?

Answer 22

Bone lining cells

Question 23

True or false. The faster bone formation, the more osteocytes trapped.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

Cells responsible for osteolysis and osteoplasia?

Answer 24

Osteocytes

Question 25

Cells that prevent hypermineralization of bone by pumping Ca back to the blood stream?

Answer 25

Osteocytes

Question 26

True or false. After bone formation, osteocytes lose the ability to form matrix and becomes smaller?

Answer 26

True

Question 27

Limited resorption of bone in lacunae and canals?

Answer 27

Osteolysis

Question 28

Secondary rebuilding of perilacunar bone mineral?

Answer 28

Osteoplasia

Question 29

Osteoclasts are located on?

Answer 29

Howship's lacunae

Question 30

Organelle-poor brush like cytoplasmic border of osteoclasts which demarcates the bone of resorption?

Answer 30

Ruffled border

Question 31

Ruffled border of osteoclast release what? (2)

Answer 31

* Acids * Proteolytic enzymes

Question 32

Part of osteoclasts attached to bone during resorption?

Answer 32

Sealing zone

Question 33

Sequence of resorptive events (4)

Answer 33

1. osteoclast attach to bone 2. creates sealed environment 3. releases acid to demineralize hard tissues 4. secretes proteolytic enzymes to degrade organic matrix

Question 34

Encloses the entire bone forming outer and inner perimeter?

Answer 34

Circumferential lamellae

Question 35

Makes up the bulk of compact bone?

Answer 35

Concentric lamellae

Question 36

Fragments of preexisting concentric lamellae from osteons created during remodeling?

Answer 36

Interstitial lamellae

Question 37

Fibrous membrane that surrounds the compact bone?

Answer 37

Periosteum

Question 38

Periosteum that contains bone cells and precursors?

Answer 38

Inner layer

Question 39

Periosteum which is more fibrous and gives rise to Sharpey's fibers?

Answer 39

Outer layer

Question 40

It separates the bone surface from the bone marrow?

Answer 40

Endosteum

Question 41

Lamellae of bone that are arranged in flattened spicules?

Answer 41

Spongy bone

Question 42

3 structures of the alveolar bone?

Answer 42

* Cortical plate * Alveolar bone proper * Spongiosa

Question 43

Cortical plate is continuous with the alveolar bone proper at the?

Answer 43

Alveolar crest

Question 44

Cortical plate is thicker in the mandible or maxilla?

Answer 44

Mandible

Question 45

Cortical plate is greater on labial or lingual side?

Answer 45

Lingual

Question 46

Bone found in areas of recent apposition penetrated by the Sharpey's fiber?

Answer 46

Bundle bone

Question 47

2 locations of hematopoietic marrow?

Answer 47

* Maxillary tuberosity * Angle of mandible

Question 48

Spongiosa is more in maxilla or in mandible?

Answer 48

Maxilla

Question 49

3 mechanisms of bone formation/ossification?

Answer 49

* Endochondral/intracartilaganious * Intramembranous * Sutural bone growth

Question 50

True or false. In endochondral ossification, cartilage develops and becomes the bone.

Answer 50

False. Cartilage is replaced/substituted by bone

Question 51

Endochondral ossification occurs where?

Answer 51

In the condyles

Question 52

Type of ossification in which bone develops directly from fibrous tissue?

Answer 52

Intramembranous ossification

Question 53

Intramembranous ossification is found where? (3)

Answer 53

* Maxilla * Body of mandible * Cranial vault

Question 54

Cartilage of the first branchial arch?

Answer 54

Meckel's cartilage

Question 55

Meckel's cartilage is found on mesial or distal side of mandible?

Answer 55

Mesial

Question 56

When does intramembranous ossification of mandible begins?

Answer 56

At the 7th week

Question 57

When is rudimentary mandible formed?

Answer 57

At the 10th week

Question 58

Fates of Meckel's cartilage. (4)

Answer 58

* Incus * Malleus * Sphenomandibular ligament * Sphenomalleolar ligament

Question 59

Cartilages of the mandible. (3)

Answer 59

* Condylar cartilage (12th week) * Coronoid cartilage (4th month) * Symphysis cartilage (obliterated w/in the 1st yr)

Question 60

Only cartilage that remains in the mandible?

Answer 60

Condylar cartilage

Question 61

Incremental lines of alveolar bone?

Answer 61

Cementing lines

Question 62

Alveolar line formed by new bone layer and resorption?

Answer 62

Reversal line

Question 63

Line found on the surface of inactive bone?

Answer 63

Aplastic line

Question 64

Line formed by new bone layer from inactive old bone

Answer 64

Resting line

Question 65

True or false. Thicker trabeculae and smaller marrow spaces indicates increased function?

Answer 65

True

Question 66

True or false. Thin trabeculae with wider marrow spaces indicates decreased function?

Answer 66

True

Question 67

Pressure to bone results to \_\_\_\_\_? Tension to bone results to \_\_\_\_\_\_?

Answer 67

Resorption Deposition

Question 68

It depends on the functional and nutritional demands of bone.

Answer 68

Bone remodeling

Question 69

An important diagnostic landmark of alveolar bone?

Answer 69

Lamina dura

Question 70

Window-like defect in which the bone resorb locally and cause the root to be seen?

Answer 70

Fenestration

Question 71

Occurs when the rim of the bone between the fenestration and the alveolar crest disappeared together?

Answer 71

Dehiscence

Question 72

Hyperfunction of the pituitary gland which causes overgrowth of bone?

Answer 72

Acromegaly