Embryology, etc. Flashcards by Faith Villaceran

Mushroom like papilla that perceive sweet and salt tastes?

Fungiform

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Hair-like papilla that provides tactile sensation?

Filiform

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Leaf like papilla which perceives sour taste?

Foliate

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8-10 papilla found just anterior to the terminal sulcus and perceives bitter taste?

Circumvallate

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Lingual papilla related to Von Ebner’s gland?

Circumvallate

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Taste bud for synthesis and secretion of pore substance?

Type 1 or taste cells or dark cells

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Taste buds with unknown function?

Type 2 or sustentacular cells or light cells

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Least numerous taste buds which are the actual receptors of taste?

Type 3 or intermediate cells

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Reserved taste buds?

Type 4 or basal cells

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Invagination of the oral epithelium?

Vestibular lamina

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3 stages of embryology?

Proliferative period
Embryonic period
Fetal period

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Period from fertilization to 2nd week?

Proliferative

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Period from 3rd week to 8th week?

Embryonic

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Period from 8th week to birth?

Fetal period

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Life span of sperm cells once they enter the female reproductive system?

48 hrs

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How long does the ovum wait for fertilization?

24 hrs

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A process where the glycoprotein coat and seminal plasma protein are removed from the spermatozoan head?

Capacitation

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Where does capacitation occurs?

Uterus

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Released by the acrosome to penetrate the oocyte barriers? (2)

Hyaluronidase
Acrosin

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Structures that the spermatozoa must penetrate during fertilization? (3)

corona radiata
zona pellucida
occyte membrane

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It determines the chromosomal sex?

Spermatozoa

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Any of the 2 cells formed by the cleavage of the fertilized egg.

Blastomere

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Spherical embryonic mass of blastomeres?

Morula

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Sphere of cells enclosing the inner mass of cells?

Trophoblast

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Fluid filled cavity in the blastocyst?

Blastocoel

It is the one that attaches to the uterus?

Blastocyst

a. Gives rise to the embryo? b. Gives rise to the placenta?

Inner cell mass/Embryoblast Trophoblast

The amniotic cavity is lined with ______ while the yolk sac is lined with \_\_\_\_\_\_?

Ectoderm Endoderm

Which one is bigger: amniotic cavity or yolk sac?

Yolk sac

Produces HCG?

Syncytiotrophoblast

Slight enlargement of ectodermal and endodermal cells at the cranial end?

Prochordal plate

Differentiation of 3 germ layers from which all tissues and organs develop?

Gastrulation

Mesoderm arise from what cells?

Mesenchymal cells of the epiblast

Mesoderm develops in ____ week?

3rd week

Embryonic origin of enamel?

Ectoderm

Embryonic origin of the teeth except for enamel?

Mesoderm

Mesenchymal cells arising from the primitive node which extends cranially to the prochordal plate?

Notochord

Functions of the notochord? (2)

* Patterning * Structural support

It acts as the main axial skeletal element of the early embryo.

Notochord

Process of formation of neural plate and neural tube at the end of 3rd week?

Neurulation

Thickening of the ectoderm cranial to the primitive node?

Neural plate

Primordium of the CNS?

Neural tube

Cells found between the neural tube and ectoderm?

Neural crest cells

It makes up most of the connective tissues of the head?

Neural crest cells

Occurs when there is problem with migration of the neural crest cells?

Treacher Collins Syndrome

Symptoms of treacher collins syndrome? (4)

* Downward slanting eyes * Small lower jaw * Malformed or absent ears * Prominent nose

Masses of mesoderm that lie on either side of the neural tube?

Somites

Primary brain vesicles? (3)

* Prosencephalon * Mesencephalon * Rhombencephalon

Folding of the embryo starts in the _____ week?

4th week

Primitive mouth of the embryo?

Stomodeum

Combined ectoderm and endoderm with no intervening mesoderm?

Bucco/oropharyngeal membrane

It temporarily separates the stomodeum from the foregut?

Buccopharyngeal membrane

Invagination of the stomodeal ectoderm which develops to form the anterior lobe of the hypophysis?

Rathke's pouch

1st pharyngeal arch is also called?

Mandibular arch

Arch forming the facial muscles, vessels and hyoid bone?

2nd pharyngeal arch or hyoid arch

It become the future external acoustic meatus?

1st branchial/pharyngeal cleft

Structures that develop from the 1st pharyngeal pouch? (3)

* Middle ear * Eardrum * Eustachian tube

Structure that develop from the 2nd pharyngeal pouch?

Palatine tonsils

Structures that develop from the 3rd pharyngeal pouch? (2)

* Inferior parathyroid gland * Thymus gland

Structure that develop from the 4th pharyngeal pouch?

Superior parathyroid gland

Structure that develop from the 5th pharyngeal pouch?

Ultimobranchial body

It makes up the anterior 2/3 of the tongue? (2) Came from what arch?

* Lateral lingual swellings * Tuberculum impar of His Both from 1st arch

It makes up the posterior 1/3 of the tongue? (2) It came from what arch?

* Copula (2nd arch) * Hypobranchial eminence (3rd & 4th arch)

Connects the thyroid gland to the tongue?

Thyroglossal duct

Remnant of thyroglossal duct?

Foramen cecum

Large bulge above the stomodeum?

Frontal process

Small buds on the sides of the mandibular arch?

Maxillary process

Localized thickening of the frontal process develops into?

Nasal placodes

With the presence of the nasal pits, the frontal area becomes the?

Frontonasal process

It separates the nasal pits from the stomodeum?

Bucco/oronasal membrane

Continuous growth of the medial nasal process downward produce a pair of bulge called?

Globular process

Gives rise to the upper incisors?

Premaxilla or primary palate

2 grooves that separates the maxillary process from the lateral and medial nasal process?

* Nasooptic groove * Bucconasal groove

Sebaceous glands trapped in the buccal mucosa during development?

Fordyce spots

Which is formed first: dental lamina or vestibular lamina?

Dental lamina!

Agents causing congenital defects?

Teratogens

Give 2 drugs that can cause congenital defects?

* Dilantine * Retinoic acid

Hormone that can induce clefting?

Cortisone

Non union of the globular and maxillary process would cause?

Cleft lip

Non union of the palatine processes and the inferior nasal septum would cause?

Cleft palate

Cleft affecting the hard palate?

Uranoschisis

Cleft affecting only the soft palate?

Staphyloschisis

Congenital absence of either the upper or lower jaw?

Agnathia

Tongue abnormality caused by short and thick lingual frenulum?

Ankyloglossia

A condition wherein one side of the face is underdeveloped?

Hemifacial microsomia

Medical term for cleft lip?

Cheiloschisis

Results from the persistence of the remnants of the primitive streak?

Sacrococcygeal teratoma

Embryology, etc. Flashcards

(87 cards)