Anaesthesia Flashcards
(12 cards)
Why do we have Local anaesthesia?
Reduce pain at injection site
IV
Induce and maintain anesthesia
Drugs used for Intravenous anaesthesia
Propofol - Most common, not common in neonates, rapid recovery, less hangover, can be used for intensive care
Thiopental sodium - barbiturates, no analgesia, can have cardio and respiratory depression, dose related
Ketamine - Side effects include hallucinations, nightmares and other psychotic effects
Inhalation anaesthetics
Volatile liquids
- induction and maintenance of anaesthesia, then given IV
Nitrous oxide - Entonox
Maintenance
Not as strong so can’t be used alone
50/50 mix of nitrous oxide and oxygen
Self administered
Used in labour
Malignant Hyperthermia
-lethal complication
-Rapid rise in temp
- Muscle rigidity and stiff muscle
- tachycardia and fast heart beat
- acidosis - blood becomes more acidic
- most common- volatile liquid in anaesthesia
Dantrolene - used in malignant hyperthermia
Things to remember
Sometimes meds are stopped before general anesthesia
Sometimes they are not stopped before general anaesthesia
Meds not stopped before anaesthesia
- Drugs that should not be stopped before surgery:
- Antiepileptics
- Antiparkinson drugs
- Antipsychotics
- Antianxiolytics
- Bronchodillators
- Cardiovascular drugs
Meds stopped or changed
- if taking antiplatelet or oral anticoagulant - stop or heparin/LMWH
- Stop coc ,MAOi
- stop lithium before major surgery
- Stop K+ sparring,ACE,Arbs and herbal remedies 24 hour before
Sedation in dental
Diazepam
Temazepam
Meds before op
Pre - medication - give night before - small doses
- Benzos for anxiety or sedation
- short acting is best
- Give at night and morning before
NSAIDS
Don’t compared to opioids- depression respiration,impair gastro intestinal motility, cause dependence, used for post op pain - not severe pain
