Analysis of Quantitative Data Flashcards Preview

Psychological Methods > Analysis of Quantitative Data > Flashcards

Flashcards in Analysis of Quantitative Data Deck (22)
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1
Q

What is nominal data?

A

Frequency data

2
Q

What is ordinal data?

A

Ranked data - gaps between numbers not identical

3
Q

What is interval data?

A

Precise data using offical scale -zero is not true, can go minus

4
Q

What is ratio data?

A

Same as interval data but zero is true, can’t go below minus like cm

5
Q

When shouldn’t the mean be used?

A

When there are extreme scores. Would skew data

6
Q

What are the advantages of the mean?

A
  • Makes use of all values

- Most powerful measure

7
Q

What are the disadvantages of the mean?

A
  • Can be misrepresentative of numbers if there is an extreme value
  • Can only be used for interval/ratio
8
Q

What are the advantages of the median?

A
  • Not affected by extreme scores

- Can be used with ordianal data

9
Q

What are the disadvantages of the median?

A
  • Doesn’t work well with small sets of data

- It is not as sensitive as the mean because not all values are reflected in the median

10
Q

What are the advantages of the mode?

A
  • Useful when data is in categories, nominal data

- It is a figure which actually does occur in the data

11
Q

What are the disadvantages of the mode?

A
  • Tells us nothing about other values

- Only a few scores representing each value

12
Q

What are measures of central tendency?

A

Describes how data clusters around a central value.

13
Q

What are measures of dispersion?

A

They tell you the spread of scores in a data set. Help you summarise data.

14
Q

What do graphs do?

A

Summarise quantative data and act as a visual aid.

15
Q

What do summary tables include?

A
  • Measures of central tendancy

- Measures of dispersion

16
Q

What are frequency tables?

A
  • More useful than raw data table
  • Can organise the values into groups
  • Patterns of data clearer
17
Q

What are tables of raw data?

A
  • Show scores prior to analysis
  • Hard to identify patterns int he data
  • Can’t tell much
18
Q

What does a bar chart do?

A

Used for discrete data - categories. Mean/frequency on y axis. Columns do not touch.

19
Q

What does a histogram do?

A

Represent data on a continuous scale. Data are quantities. Columns do touch. Scores are placed on the x-axis. The height of the column shows the frequency of values

20
Q

What is a frequency polygon?

A

Can be used as an alternative to the histogram. Can be used to represent grouped data. Particularly useful for comparing two or more conditions simultaneously.

21
Q

What are pie charts?

A

Description of parts that make up a whole

22
Q

What is a scattergram?

A

Used for measuring the relationship between two variables. Data from one variable is presented on the x- axis, while the other is presented on the y-axis. X plotted where variabels meet.