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ANAPHY FINALS URINARY Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

Paired, retroperitoneal organs located on either side of the vertebral column

A

Kidneys

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2
Q

Left kidney sits slightly___ than right because it
is displaced by the liver

A

lower

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3
Q

The kidneys are protected by (3)

A

Protected by muscle, adipose, and ribs

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4
Q

Adrenal glands located on _____ (The Kidneys)

A

superior margin

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5
Q

maintains shape of kidney

A

Fibrous capsule

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6
Q

absorbs shock and provides
protection

A

Perinephric fat

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7
Q

anchors kidneys to posterior abdominal wall

A

Renal fascia

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8
Q

covers deeper renal medulla

A

Superficial renal cortex

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9
Q

Renal medulla includes (2)

A

the renal pyramids and the renal
columns

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10
Q

separate renal pyramids of medulla
• Also divide kidney into 6 to 8 renal lobes

A

Renal columns

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11
Q

This divide kidney into 6 to 8 renal lobes

A

Renal columns

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12
Q

drain urine into minor calyces

A

Renal papillae

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13
Q

Minor calyces merge to form____

A

major calyces

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14
Q

Major calyces merge to form____

A

renal pelvis

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15
Q

Located on medial side of each kidney

A

Renal Hilum

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16
Q

Entry and exit site for structures that supply kidney (5)

A

• Renal artery
• Renal vein
• Renal nerve
• Ureter
• Lymphatics

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17
Q

functional unit of kidney

A

Nephron

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18
Q

renal, segmental, interlobar,
arcuate, interlobular

A

Arteries

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19
Q

afferent arterioles, glomeruli, efferent arterioles, peritubular capillaries

A

Nephron

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20
Q

interlobular, arcuate, interlobar, renal

A

Veins

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21
Q

This deliver blood to nephron

A

Afferent arterioles

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22
Q

Within nephron, ______ filter blood
• Fenestrated capillaries

A

glomerular capillaries

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23
Q

Bloods exits via _____

A

efferent arterioles

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24
Q

This accomplish exchange of nutrients and wastes

Study These Flashcards
A

Peritubular capillaries

25
This drains peritubular capillaries
Vasa recta
26
Functional units of the kidney that make urine
Nephron
27
Two components of nephrons
1. Renal corpuscle • Composed of glomerulus and glomerular capsule 2. Tubular system • Proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule, collecting ducts
28
Responsible for filtration of blood and Forms filtrate
Renal corpuscle
29
Renal corpuscle is composed of
• Glomerulus • Glomerular capsule
30
A fenestrated capillary
Glomerulus
31
Limits filtration of blood cells, platelets and large plasma proteins
Filtration membrane
32
Filtration membrane is composed of
• Fenestrated endothelium of glomerulus • Basement membrane • Filtration slits formed by pedicels of podocytes
33
Refines filtrate into urine
Tubular system
34
Actively secretes and reabsorbs solutes
Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)
35
• Divided into descending limb and ascending limb • Each limb has unique permeability for solute and water
Nephron loop
36
• Farther away from renal corpuscle • Reabsorbs and secretes fewer solutes and less water
Distal convoluted tubule (DCT)
37
• Not part of nephron but can influence solute and water reabsorption • Usually occurs under hormonal influences • DCTs of several nephrons empty into the same collecting duct
Collecting ducts
38
Membrane proteins that allow water through
Aquaporins
39
Contains majority of nephron structures • Glomeruli/renal corpuscles • Most proximal and distal convoluted tubules
Renal cortex
40
Contains parts of nephron loops and collecting ducts
Renal medulla
41
are the majority of the nephrons in the kidney (85%)
Cortical nephrons
42
(15%) have renal corpuscles closer to medulla
Juxtamedullary nephrons
43
Urine flows from kidneys to:
• Ureters • Urinary bladder • Urethra
44
Exit kidneys and transport urine to urinary bladder
Ureters
45
Temporarily stores urine
Urinary bladder
46
Allows urine to exit body
Urethra
47
Shorter urethra increases risk of
cystitis (urinary tract infection)
48
(Men) located superior to prostate gland
Urinary bladder
49
Proper term for urination
Micturition reflex
50
Urine ph range
4.5-8.0
51
Not found in urine
Glucose, blood, and protein
52
a test that evaluates materials found in urine
Urinalysis
53
usually indicates damage to filtration membrane
Protein
54
usually indicates diabetic condition
Glucose
55
indicates structural damage to urinary tract
Blood
56
indicates urinary tract infection
Leukocytes
57
indicates urinary tract infection
Leukocytes
58
indicates body is using fat as energy source
Ketones

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