anatomy

Question 1

`What are epithelial tissues

Answer 1

tissues that form continuous sheets.
They line body cavities and form glands ie. skin, lining of intestines

Question 2

What are the two types of arrangements of epilethial tissues

Answer 2

simple epithelium - single layer of cells (lines organs)
Stratified or compound epithelium - which are multiple layers of cells

Question 3

what are the 8 types of connective tissue

Answer 3

Elastic
Collagenous
areolar
recticular
adipose
cartilage
bone and blood

Question 4

what is connective tissue

Answer 4

made up of a variety of cells it connects and strengthens tissues

Question 5

What is loose connective tissue (areolar)

Answer 5

most common connective tissue
it supports other tissues and attaches skin to muscles

Question 6

what is cartilage (fibrous connective tissue)

Answer 6

has no blood vessels or nerves
found on the end of bones

Question 7

what are the 3 types of cartilage

Answer 7

Hyaline - smooth, strong elastic

White fibrocartilage - fibrous, tough, shock absorbing
Elastic - allows movement gives shape

Question 8

Bone (hard connective tissue)

Answer 8

two types of bone:
compact (outside) and dense for strength
Cancellous (spongy, inside) looks like honeycomb

Question 9

Blood (liquid connective tissue)

Answer 9

transports substances through body
Plasma 55% cells 45%

Question 10

what are blood cells made of

Answer 10

erthyrocytes
leucocytes
thrombocytes

Question 11

what are the 2 types of muscle tissue

Answer 11

Voluntary - they contract with thought

Involuntary - contract without us thinking about it (heart)

Question 12

functions of muscle tissue

Answer 12

produce movement when they contract
stabalize joints
temperature control
maintain posture

Question 13

what is the integumentary system

Answer 13

largest organ
creates barrier between body and the world
-skin, hoof, coat

Question 14

what does the skin do

Answer 14

protects
provides pigmentation
temperature regulation
provides sensory information (touch, temperature)

Question 15

layers of the skin

Answer 15

epidermis
dermis
hypodermis

Question 16

The inner layer of the skin is the dermis. what are it’s two layers made of

Answer 16

Papillae - connects it with the epidermis

Recticular layer - has hair folliciles, glands, arteries, veins

Question 17

what is the hypodermis

Answer 17

seperates the dermis from the body
a layer of fat between the skin and the structures in the body

Question 18

what creates coat colour

Answer 18

pairs of genes make the coat colour
AA= homozygous
Aa= heterozygous
Phenotype = what you see
genotype = coding

Question 19

how does melanin create coat colour

Answer 19

cells in the skin produce pigments according to the surface receptor

eumelanin = black pigment
pheomelanin = red pigment

Question 20

what do sweat glands do

Answer 20

act like a tunnel to the skin surface
no sweat glands on legs

Question 21

what are sebaceous glands

Answer 21

attached to each hair follicle
oily sebum enters hair follicle
gives horse a shiny coat

Question 22

what is hair made of

Answer 22

each hair is dead keratinized epidermal cells fused together
has a bulb at the base with a shaft on top

Question 23

what are the 3 types of hair

Answer 23

Tactile hair - whiskers
Guard hairs - smooth stiff straight - mane tail feathers on legs
Wool hairs - undercoat, shorter

Question 24

how does shedding happen

Answer 24

epithelial cells over the papilla stop multiplying
papilla dies
hair falls out and new hair grows in