Anatomy Flashcards
(211 cards)
1
Q
This is responsible for bone resorption?
A
Osteoclasts
2
Q
What type of epithelium is located at the oropharynx?
A
Stratified squamous epithelium
3
Q
What muscle is unique to the interior walls of the atria?
A
Pectinate mm
4
Q
Which joint contains an articular disc?
A
Temporomadibular
5
Q
Intermediate sacral crest origin to the spine?
A
Articular process
6
Q
This vein is concerned w/ thoracic duct drainage?
A
Left Subclavian vein
7
Q
The pancreatic duct empties into:
A
Duodenum
8
Q
Lesser Tuberosity: Insertion
A
Subscapularis
9
Q
Which muscle is concerned with protraction of the scapula?
A
Serratus anterior
10
Q
The Notchord persists as
A
Nucleus Pulposis
11
Q
Which plane of motion is Abduction concerned with?
A
Coronal
12
Q
What type of epithelium is located at the trachea?
A
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar
13
Q
_________ passes through the diaphragm at T10
A
Esophagus
14
Q
Innervation of the finger extensors
A
Posterior interosseous (Radial N)
15
Q
Attachment of the cuboid
A
Tibialis posterior
16
Q
Attachment of the LH of Biceps Brachii
A
Supraglenoid tubercle
17
Q
Muscle at the lateral border of femoral triangle
A
Sartorius
18
Q
Mm of the pelvic diaphragm
A
Levator Ani
19
Q
Hinge joint for elbow flexion involves which structures:
A
UIna/Humerus
20
Q
What type of joint is located between: Dens and Anterior Atlas
A
Pivot
21
Q
What ligament attaches to the dens & limits rotation
A
Alar Ligament
22
Q
Which muscle innervates the superior gluteal nerve
A
Gluteus medius
23
Q
Ligament involved in hip extension
A
Iliofemoral Ligament
24
Q
Innervation of the Piriformis: Segments
A
S1-S2
25
What nerve innervates Biceps Brachii?
Musculocutaneus
26
Brachial Artery Branches
Ulnar and Radial
27
Fibular head ligament
Fibular collateral
28
Innervation of adductor longus
Obturator N.
29
The frontal/coronal sutures create which suture
Coronal
30
Nerve responsible for the wrist extensors (minus Brachioradialis)
Radial N.
31
The bulbourethral gland is ______ to the prostate
Inferior
32
Psoas insertion into femur
Lesser trochanter
33
The metastasis of prostate cancer occurs at the ________
Spine
34
Finger-like projections
Fimbriae
35
The lacuna is concerned with _______ formation
Osteocyte
36
Where is the Coronoid located?
Ulna
37
What is the most commonly fractured hand bone?
Scaphoid
38
Where is the conoid located?
Clavicle
39
Where is the Coracoid located?
Humerus
40
_______ articulates with the radial head
Capitulum
41
Flexor carpi ulnaris tendon articulates with which hand bone?
Pisiform
42
The axial skeleton has a total of _____ bones
80
43
The axial skeleton includes:
Skull, spine, ossicles of middle ear, hyoid, ribs & sternum
44
The appendicular skeleton has a total of ____ bones
126
45
The appendicular skeleton includes which structures:
Clavicles, scapula, arm & forearm, hands, pelvis, thigh & leg, feet & ankles
46
Major inorganic component of bone
Hydroxyapatite
47
In endochondral ossification, cartilage is replaced by ______
Bone
48
What ankle ligament is the most injured?
Anterior talofibular ligament
49
Strongest ligament of the ankle/foot
Deltoid ligament
50
Gomphoses refers to which structure
Teeth
51
Alternate name for Ball & Socket Joint
Spheroid
52
Alternate name for saddle joint
Sella
53
Alternate name for pivot joint
Trochoid
54
Functional classes of joints
-Synarthrosis: Immovable, no movement
-Amphiarthrosis: Slightly moveable
-Diarthrosis: Synovial joints; Freely movable
55
Structural classes of joints
-Fibrous
-Cartilaginous
-Ligamentous & Synovial joints
56
Motions of Thumb & Nerve Supply
“RUM”
-Radial: Extension
-Ulnar: Adduction
-Median: Flexion/Opposition
57
The superficial peroneal nerve supples which muscles
Peroneus longus and brevis
58
The deep peroneal nerve supplies which muscles
Tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus
59
The inferior gluteal nerve supplies which muscles
Gluteus Maximus
60
________ & _______ cross two joints forming the “Tailor’s muscle”
Rectus femoris; Sartorius
61
Smooth muscle is ________ shaped
Spindle
62
Shortest muscle in the body
Stapedius
63
Longest muscle in the body
Sartorius
64
The pelvic muscles are innervated by which nerve?
Pudendal N.
65
The brachioradialis is innervated by which nerve?
Radial
66
Rotator cuff muscles
“SITS”
-Supraspinatus
-Infraspinatus
-Teres minor
-Subscapularis
67
Which bones make up the acetabulum?
Illium, ischium, pubis
68
The linea aspera is located ________; _______ to gluteal tuberosity
Posterior; Inferior
69
The adductor tubercle is located _______
Medially
70
How many tarsals are in the feet?
7
71
The pulmonary vein is ________
Oxygenated
72
The lateral lip of the linea aspera is a continuation of the _________
Gluteal tuberosity
73
Medial lip of the linea aspera is a continuation of the ________
Introtrochanteric line
74
The adductor tubercle is an attachment of the ______
Adductor magnus
75
The pectinate muscles are located in the _______
Right atrium
76
The A-V valves are made of ________
Endocardium (prevents backflow)
77
The right ventricle contribute most of the ______
Anterior surface of the heart
78
Branches of the External Carotid
“Save A Lady Falling Out (of a) Plane Super Man!”
-Superior thyroid
-Ascending pharyngeal
-Lingual
-Facial
-Occipital
-Posterior Auricular
79
The ectoderm contains:
Nerves & Skin
80
The endoderm is contains:
Air (Respiratory) & Gut
81
The mesoderm contains:
Everything else
82
The Superior Mediastinum is located between the:
First rib, sternal angle and T4-T5 Disc
83
60-70% of saliva is located at:
Submandibular gland
(Other 20-30% @ parotid gland)
84
Parietal Cells secrete:
HCL & intrinsic factor
85
Chief cells secrete:
Pepsinogen
86
Epithelial cells make:
CCK (Cholecystokinin)
87
The Rugae of the stomach is analygous with the _______ of the small intestine
Brush border
88
Expansion of the rectum & anus
Columns of Margagni
89
What organ filters & detoxifies blood
Liver
90
Which organs are retroperitoneal?
“D Cups Dakri”
-Duodenum
-Ascending Colon
-Ureters
-Pancreas
-Suprarenals
-Descending Colon
-Aorta
-Kidneys
-Rectum
-Inferior Vena Cava
91
Sphincter for food passage; Smooth/Skeletal Muscle
Esophagus
92
The right bronchi is ______, _______ and _______
Shorter, wider and vertical
93
The lobes of R lung are separated by _____ fissures
Oblique & horizontal
94
Lobes of the L lung are separated by _____ fissure`
Oblique
95
Stratified is important for:
Protection
96
Largest organ in the body:
Skin
97
Skin is special in that it is:
Keratinized
98
Location of simple squamous
Alveoli and capillaries
99
Locations of Stratified squamous epithelium
Oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, anal canal, vagina & skin
100
Cuboidal epithelium
Salivary glands, kidney tubules, pancreatic ducts
101
Epithelium associated with the GI tract
Simple columnar
102
Epithelium associated with distention
Transitional
103
The urinary system begins with the _______
Kidneys
104
The right kidney is _______ than the left kidney
Lower
105
The kidneys are surrounded by:
A peritoneal fat border
106
The renal pyramids are located in the:
Medulla
107
Which hormone controls spermatogenesis?
Follicle Stimulating hormone (FSH)
108
Predominate hormone in pregnancy
Progesterone
109
What is secreted in the corpus luteum?
-Estrogen (1st half of cycle)
-Progesterone (2nd half of cycle)
110
Which ligament is medial to the uterus
Ovarian ligament
111
Which ligament is lateral to the pelvic wall
Suspensory ligament
112
Which female ligament is strongest?
Broad ligament
113
Which hormone is secreted during ovulation?
Lutenizing hormone
114
Which hormone maintains the corpus luteum
HCG
115
Which hormone is most detected in home pregnancy tests?
HCG
116
A deficiency in Vitamin B1 leads to what disorder?
Wernicke-Korsakoff (excessive alcohol)
117
The Palatoglossus is innervated by which cranial nerve?
CN10
118
Which artery runs transverse across liver?
Hepatic Artery
119
Dense regular tissue surrounds the ________
Ligaments/Tendons
120
Dense Irregular tissue is located in the ______
Skin
121
Circular mm in the digestive system is located in the _______
Stomach
122
Ligament that attaches the liver to the diaphragm
Coronary
123
Pouch-like form of coli
Haustra
124
Papillary mm is located at
Chordae tendinae
125
Attachment for LH of Biceps
Supraglenoid tubercle
126
Muscle of lateral border of femoral triangle
Sartorius
127
If the femoral triangle is impinged, it will affect which movement?
Leg extension
128
What is the most common space for bacterial pneumonia?
R Middle Lobe
129
Inferior boundary on superior lobe of the lung
Lingula
130
The kidneys are located in the ________ layer of the ________
Intermediate layer; Mesoderm
131
Match these germinal layers/subgroups with their derivatives: Mesoderm (Intermediate), Mesoderm (Lateral Plate), Ectoderm (Surface Ectoderm), Neuroectoderm (Neural Tube), Neuroectoderm (Neural Crest)
1. Kidneys
2. Adrenal Cortex & Spleen
3. Posterior Pituitary, Retina of Eye
4. DRG, ANS, Parafollicular Cells of Thyroid, Adrenal Medulla
5. Anterior Pituitary, Lens of Eye
1. Mesoderm (Intermediate)
2. Mesoderm (Lateral Plate)
3. Neuroectoderm (Neural Tube)
4. Neuroectoderm (Neural Crest)
5. Ectoderm (Surface Ectoderm)
132
Pain down to elbow is called:
Sclerotogenous Pain
133
Ossification of the Clavicle & all flat bones of the skull is called ___________ Ossification
Intramembranous/Intermedullary Ossification
134
Ossification of the majority of bones is called ________ ossification
Endochondral
135
The ______ is both Intramembranous and Endochondral
Scapula
136
Oral cavity to 1st 1/3 of duodenum
Foregut
137
Remaining 2/3 of duodenum to the 1st 2/3 of transverse colon
Midgut
138
Last 1/3 transverse colon to anus
Hindgut
139
The gubernaculum becomes ______ in males and ______ in females
Males: Scrotal ligament/Gubernacular testis
Females: Suspensory ligament of ovary, ovarian ligament and round ligament
140
__________ gives rise to the thyroid
Foramen cecum
141
Resting stage of mitosis (Ie. Protein synthesis)
Interphase
142
Stage of mitosis where the nuclear membrane disappears
Prophase
143
Stage of mitosis where chromosomes align at the equator
Metaphase
144
Stage of mitosis where chromosomes moves toward poles (away)
Anaphase
145
Separation of chomosomes
Telophase
146
Formation of daughter cells
Mitosis
147
Formation of Haploids
Meiosis
148
The choroid plexus secretes:
CSF
149
What type of epithelium is located at the urinary bladder, ureters, and kidneys
Transitional
150
Bronchioles are ________ epithelium
Simple cuboidal
151
Match these macrophage cells with their location: Dust cells, Kupffer, Microglia, Langerhan
1. Brain
2. Skin
3. Liver
4. Lung
1. Microglia
2. Langerhan
3. Kupffer
4. Dust Cells
152
Osteoclast =
Bone
153
Scar, myofibrils, organic part of bone (most abundant)
Type I Collagen
154
Articular/Hyaline Cartilage
Type II Collagen
155
Basement membrane is what type of collagen?
Type IV
156
List the layers of the epidermis (from superficial to deep)
“Cows Like Green Soft Grass”
Stiatum corneum->Stratium lucidum->Stratium granulosum->Stratium spinosum->Stratium germinativum
157
Melanin is located in the ______ layer of the epidermis
Basement (striatum germinativum)
158
All the extrinsic muscles of the tongue are innervated by CN _____, except _______ (CN____)
XII; Palatoglossus: X
159
Which area of the tongue is involved with texture, not taste
Filiform
160
What area of the tongue is more sensitive to taste
Foliate
161
Rings of Waldeyer
Palatine, lingual, pharyngeal & tubal
162
Rings of Waldeyer
Palatine, lingual, pharyngeal & tubal
163
Muscles of mastication are innervated by what CN?
Trigeminal N (V3-Mandibular)
164
What is responsible for voice production?
Glottis (vocal folds/cords)
165
Match the structure of the diaphragm with it’s location: IVC, Esophagus, Aorta
1. T8
2. T12
3. T10
1. IVC
2. Aorta
3. Esophagus
“I-8-10-Eggs-At-12”
166
Connects organs to posterior abdominal wall (deemed a new organ)
Mesentery
167
The portal vein is made from the: _________ & ________ vein
Superior & inferior mesenteric
168
The Left Lung has ___ lobes & the right lung has ___ lobes
2;3
169
Where the esophagus meets greater curvature of the stomach
Cardiac notch
170
The pulmonary artery contains _____ blood; The pulmonary vein contains ____ blood
Deoxygenated; Oxygenated
171
Where does cartilage stop in the respiratory system?
2* Bronchus
172
The tertiary bronchus contains alot of _________
Smooth muscle
173
Bronchopulmonary Segments: R Lung __; L Lung ___
10;8
174
Fluid in the lungs will accumulate in the _____________
Costodiaphragmatic recess
175
Types of pleura
Visceral & parietal
176
Division of the Superior & Inferior mediastinum occurs at ___________
Sternal angle
177
Muscular ridges in the atria are called:
Pectinate muscles
178
Where is the most common location for myocardial infarction?
Left anterior descending artery
179
Which structure works until age 10, then atrophies
Thymus
180
The L recurrent laryngeal artery wraps around ________
Arch of aorta
181
The R recurrent laryngeal nerve wraps around ___________
Right subclavian artery
182
Marfan’s syndrome is associated with:
Aortic aneurysms
183
Stenson’s Duct is located at:
Parotid gland (opposite upper 2nd molar)
184
Accessory pancreatic ducts that does directly into the duodenum
Santorini Duct
185
Which hormone functions in inhibiting growth hormone?
Somatostatin
186
Glucagon is secreted by:
Alpha cells
187
Insulin is secreted by:
Beta Cells
188
Somatostatin is secreted by:
Delta cells
189
Digestive Enzymes
Lipase & Amylase
190
Tongue-like projection inferior to the head of the pancreas
Uncinate Process
191
What makes the gall bladder green?
Billirubin
192
Red Pulp filters _____; White Pulp filters_____
RBC; WBC
193
The _______ lobe can’t be palpated
Caudate
194
Ligaments that attach liver to diaphragm
Falciform ligament, coronary ligament & triangular ligament
195
The Thymus is associated with:
Immunity
196
Main vein of the heart; Opens into the __________
Coronary Sinus; Right Atrium
197
Which Abdominal quadrant is the spleen located in?
Left Hypochondriac
198
What structure in the large intestine forms the haustra?
Taeniae Coli (3 bands)
199
Remnant of the median umbilical fold
Urachus
200
Pouch between the bladder and uterus
Vesicouterine pouch
201
The testicular and ovarian arteries comes off of the _________
Abdominal aorta
202
What two things form the ejaculatory duct?
Vas deferens and seminal vesicles (via epididymus)
203
Contents inside the quadrangular space
Axillary nerve and posterior humeral circumflex artery
204
Contents inside the triangular interval
Radial nerve and profunda brachii artery
205
Action of the flexor carpi radialis
Flex & abduct hand, flex forearm/elbow
206
Origin of Sartorius
ASIS
207
Adductor brevis/longus/magnus are innervated by what nerve?
Obturator N.
208
Insertion of the extensor digitorum longus
Digits 2-5
209
Action of the extensor hallicus longus
Extension of the big toe
210
_____ separates greater & lesser sciatic notches
Ischial spine
211
_______ transforms the sciatic notches into foramenae
Sacrospinous ligaments
