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Y2 Dermatology > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

what are the regions of the upper arm from superior to inferior?

A 
axilla 
arm 
elbow 
forearm 
wrist 
hand
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2
Q

what are the regions of the lower limb from superior to inferior?

A 
groin 
thigh 
knee 
leg 
ankle 
foot
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3
Q

where is fascia found?

A

below the dermis

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4
Q

what is another name for the superficial fascia?

A

subcutaneous tissue

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5
Q

what are the two types of fascia?

A

superficial

deep

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6
Q

what is the superficial fascia made from?

A

loose connective tissue

fat

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7
Q

where is most of the bodies fat stored?

A

the superficial fascia

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8
Q

what is contained in the superficial fascia?

A

superficial blood vessels
cutaneous nerve
lymphatics
sweat glands

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9
Q

what is deep fascia made of?

A

dense connective tissue

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10
Q

where is deep fascia found?

A

deep to to the skin and superficial facia

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11
Q

what is the iliotibial tract and where is it found?

A

thickened band of the fascia lata on the lateral aspect of the thigh

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12
Q

where does the iliotibial tract insert?

A 
superior = ilium 
inferior = tibia
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13
Q

what does the deep fascia form when it surrounds muscles?

A

intermuscular septa between groups of muscles

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14
Q

what do the intermuscular septa form?

A

compartments in the limbs

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15
Q

where does the brachial artery bifurcate?

A

the cubital fossa

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16
Q

what are the branches of the brachial artery?

A

radial artery

ulnar artery

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17
Q

where does the popliteal artery bifurcate?

A

popliteal fossa

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18
Q

what are the branches of the popliteal artery?

A

anterior tibial artery
posterior tibial artery

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19
Q

what artery is the direct continuation of the anterior tibial artery?

A

dorsalis pedis

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20
Q

what are the branches of the posterior tibial artery?

A

medial and lateral plantar arteries

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21
Q

what can occur if a digital artery becomes occluded and why?

A

digital infarction, as they are end arteries

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22
Q

what are the two types of veins?

A

superficial

deep

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23
Q

where do superficial veins run?

A

in superficial fascia

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24
Q

describe superficial veins

A

small
thin
variable patterns

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25
Q

where do superficial veins drain into?

A

deep veins

get here by piercing the deep fascia

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26
Q

where do deep veins run?

A

deep to the deep fascia

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27
Q

describe deep veins

A

large
thick
more predictable patterns

28
Q

what are deep veins often found in?

A

neurovascular bundles with an artery and a nerve

29
Q

what are the two main superficial veins of the upper limb?

A

cephalic vein

basilic vein

30
Q

where does the cephalic vein arise?

A

the dorsal venous network

31
Q

where does the cephalic vein travel?

A

up the lateral aspect of the upper limb

superiorly, between the deltopectoral groove

32
Q

where does the cephalic vein drain into?

A

the axillary vein

33
Q

what does the axillary vein become and where?

A

the subclavian vein

at the lateral border of rib 1

34
Q

where does the basilic vein arise?

A

the dorsal venous network

35
Q

where does the basilic vein travel?

A

up the medial aspect of the limb

36
Q

where does the basilic vein drain into?

A

the brachial vein (deep)

pierces the deep fascia tp get to it

37
Q

where do the two superficial veins of the arm connect?

A

the median cubital vein

38
Q

what is the median cubital vein often used for?

A

venepuncture

39
Q

what are the two main superficial veins of the lower limbs?

A

great saphenous vein

small saphenous vein

40
Q

where does the great saphenous vein arise?

A

the medial aspect of the dorsal venous arch

41
Q

where does the great saphenous vein travel?

A

up the medial aspect of the limb

42
Q

where does the great saphenous vein drain into?

A

the femoral vein by piercing the fascia lata

43
Q

where does the great saphenous vein lie?

A

immediately anterior to the medial malleolus of the tibia

44
Q

what does the great saphenous vein run alongside?

A

the saphenous nerve

45
Q

what is the saphenous nerve a branch of?

A

the femoral nerve

46
Q

where and how does the size of the great saphenous vein increase?

A

increases as it moves more superiorly

due to small veins joining it

47
Q

where does the small saphenous vein arise?

A

from the lateral aspect of the dorsal venous arch

48
Q

where does the small saphenous vein run?

A

up the posterior midline of the leg

49
Q

where does the small saphenous vein drain into?

A

the popliteal vein

50
Q

all deep veins are bilateral, except from which two?

A

superior vena cava

inferior vena cava

51
Q

how does blood flow from superficial to deep veins?

A

through perforating veins, that enter the deep vein at an oblique angle

52
Q

what prevents backflow of blood through perforating veins?

A

perforating veins are compressed by muscles

53
Q

what are veins that accompany arteries called?

A

vena comitantes

54
Q

where do the superficial lymphatics of the upper arm arise?

A

plexuses in the fingers and hands

55
Q

what veins do the superficial lymphatics of the upper limb follow?

A

basilic or cephalic

56
Q

where do superficial lymphatics of the upper limb that follow the basilic vein drain?

A

cubital nodes

lateral axillary nodes

57
Q

where do superficial lymphatics of the upper limb that follow the cephalic vein drain?

A

apical axillary lymph nodes

58
Q

what do the deep lymphatics of the upper limb follow?

A

deep veins of the upper limb

59
Q

where do deep lymphatics of the upper limb drain?

A

lateral axillary lymph nodes

60
Q

where do axillary lymph nodes drain into?

A

subclavian lymphatics

61
Q

what veins do the superficial lymphatics of the lower limbs follow?

A

saphenous veins

62
Q

where do superficial lymphatics of the lower limbs that follow the great saphenous vein drain?

A

superficial inguinal nodes

external iliac OR deep inguinal nodes

63
Q

where do superficial lymphatics of the lower limbs that follow the small saphenous vein drain?

A

popliteal nodes

deep inguinal nodes

external iliac nodes

64
Q

what do the deep lymphatics of the lower limb follow?

A

deep veins of the lower limb

65
Q

where do the deep lymphatics of the lower limb drain?

A

popliteal nodes

deep inguinal nodes

external iliac nodes

66
Q

where do external iliac nodes drain?

A

common iliac nodes

lumbar nodes

Y2 Dermatology (17 decks)

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