Anatomy Abdominal Wall week6

Question 1

What is the Abdomen divided into ?

Answer 1

4 Quadranrs
9 Regions

Question 2

What is the Transphyloric plane?

Answer 2

• A transverse plane located halfway between the jugular notch and the pubic crest

Question 3

Where is the subcutaneous layer located of the abdominal wall?

Answer 3

• Between the skin and muscular layer of thhe abdominal wall

Question 4

What components does the subcutaneous layer consist of and their alternative names

Answer 4

• -Superficial Fatty layer(campers fascia)
• Deep membranous layer(scarpas fascia)

Question 5

What does the 1st components of the subcutaneous layer contain?

Answer 5

• Variable amounts of fat

Question 6

Explain the structure and function of 2nd component in the subcutaneous layer?

Answer 6

• A Tough ,fibrous sheet
• Covers the lower anterior abdominal wall
• Extends into the perineum , where it becomes continous with the superficial perineal fascia

Question 7

Name the flat muscles that make up the anterior and lateral walls of the muscular layer

Answer 7

• Exteral oblique
• Internal oblique
  -Transversus oblique

Question 7

Name the 3 key structures of the 3 flat muscles

Answer 7

• Inguinal ligament
  -Conjoined tendon
• Linea Alba

Question 8

What is the inguinal ligament fomed by?

Answer 8

• Thickened edge of the external oblique aponeurosis

Question 9

What is the conjoined tendon formed by?

Answer 9

• Formed by the aponeroses of the internal oblique and trasnversus abdominis

Question 10

What is the linea alba formed by

Answer 10

• overlapping aponeuroses from the xiphoid process to the pubis

Question 11

What is the structure of the Rectus Sheat

Include:
- What it encloses
- What it is formed by

Answer 11

-Encloses the rectus abdominis and pyramidalis muscles.
-Formed by the aponeuroses of anterolateral abdominal muscles

Question 12

What is the function of the anterior layer in the rectus Sheath

Answer 12

• It extends the entire length of the rectus muscle

Question 13

Where does the posterior layer end in the rectus sheath and where is it present

Answer 13

• At the arcuate line
• Present in the upper 2/3 of the rectus muscle

Question 14

What is the anterior layer above the arcuate line formed by?

Answer 14

• External oblique aponeurosis and the anterior leaf of the internal oblique aponeurosis

Question 15

What is the posterior layer above the arcuate layer formed by ?

Answer 15

• Transversus abdominis aponeurosis and the posteoir leaf of the internal oblique aponeurosis.

Question 16

What is below the arcuate line?

Answer 16

All the 3 aponerosis: External oblique, internal oblique, transversus abdominis

Question 17

What is the function of the posterior wall

Answer 17

• Forms the posterior boundary of the abdominal cavity

Question 18

What are the 3 main muscle in the posterior wall

Answer 18

• 5 Primary Muscles
• Iliopsoas muscle
• Thoracic diaphragm

Question 19

What are the names of the 5 primary muscles

Answer 19

• Psoas Major
• Psoas Minor
• Quadratus lumborum
  -iliacus
• diaphragm

Question 20

What is the role of the Thoracic diaphragm as a muscle in the posterior wall

Answer 20

-Forms the superior portion of the abdominal wall

Question 21

What is the Iliopsoas muscle formed by

Answer 21

Union of the psoas major and iliacus

Question 22

Name the three types of facia in the Posterior abdominal wall

Answer 22

• Psoas Fascia
• Thoracolumbar fascia
• Endoabdominal fascia

Question 23

Name the 3 different types of endoabdominal fascia

Answer 23

• Transversalis fascia
• Diaphgramatic fascia
  -Psoas fascia

Question 24

What does the psoas fascia attach to | which is 1 of the fascias in the fascias of the posterior abdominal wall

Answer 24

Attaches medially to the lumbar vertebrae

Question 25

What does the Thoracolumbar fascia enclose? What does it fuse with ? ( One of the three main fascias in the posterior abdominal wall)

Answer 25

-Quadratus lumborum -Aponeurosis of the transverus Abddominis

Question 26

What is the function of the endoabdominal fascia?

Answer 26

-Lines the internal surface of the abdominal wall muscles

Question 27

Where is the iliopubic Tract

Answer 27

Inguinal region

Question 28

What is the structure of the internal surface of the anterior Abdominal wall

Answer 28

- Lined by transversalis fascia - Contains variable amounts of fat

Question 29

Name the three structures that create the peritoneal folds ( in the internal surface of the Anterior Abdominal wall)

Answer 29

- Median Umbilical cord - Medial Umbilical Folds - Lateral Umbilical Folds

Question 30

Describe the type of fold the structures creating the peritoneal folds have

Answer 30

Medial Umbilical cord - single midline fold Medial Umbilical Fold - Paired folds Lateral Umbilical Folds - Paired folds

Question 31

What is peritoneal Fossae

Answer 31

- Depressions between peritoneal folds and they are sites for herination

Question 32

What does the Peritoneal fossae include

Answer 32

- Supra-vesical fossa - Medial inguinal fossa - Lateral inginal fossa

Question 33

What is the structure of the flaciform ligament

Answer 33

- Double-layered peritoneal reflection

Question 34

What is the function of the flaciform ligament

Answer 34

- Connects the liver to the anterior abdominal walls