Anatomy week 15 Arteries

Question 1

Name the 2 branches of the Internal Iliac Artery

Answer 1

• Superior gluteal arteries - - inferior gluteal arteries
• Obturator artery

Question 2

Name the 4 branches of the Femoral Artery

Answer 2

• Superficial circumflex iliac and Superficial epigastric arteries
  -Superficial and deep external pudendal arteries
  -Descending genicular artery
  -Deep artery of the thigh

Question 3

Name the branches of the Popliteal Artery

Answer 3

• Five genicular branches
  -Anterior tibial and posterior tibial arteries
  (Anterior and posterior tibial arteries)

Question 4

(starting w medial and lateral)+ middle and genicular

Name the 4 Genicular anastomis arteries

Answer 4

• Medial and lateral superior genicular arteries
  -Medial and lateral inferior genicular arteries
• Middle genicular artery
• ## Descending genicular artery

Question 5

Name the arteries/branches of the Posterior Tibial Artery

Answer 5

• Fibular artery
  -Medial and lateral plantar arteries

Question 6

What are the name of the 2 branches that the Fibular artery at the ankle gives off

Answer 6

• Perforating branch
  -Malleolar branch

Question 7

Name for the 4 arteries of the sole ( of the foot)

Answer 7

• Medial plantar artery
  -Lateral plantar artery
  -Deep plantar arch
  -Four plantar metatarsal arteries

Question 8

Name the 3 arteries of the Dorsum of the foot

Answer 8

• Lateral Tarsal and arcuate arteries
• Deep plantar artery
• Dorsal metatarsal arteries and dorsal digital arteries

Question 9

Name the 2 venous systems in the lower limb and what they are connected by

Answer 9

• Deep and superficial veins connected by perforating vein

Question 10

Name 2 deep veins in the lower limb

Answer 10

• Femoral vein
  -Superior and inferior gluteal veins

Question 10

Name the 2 superficial veins in the lower limb

Answer 10

• Great saphenous vein
  -Small saphenous vein

Question 11

Name the spaces in the thigh

Answer 11

• Femoral triangle
  -Adductor canal
  -Retroinguinal space

Question 12

What does the Femoral Triangle contain

Answer 12

• Femoral artery, vein
• Terminal branches of the femoral nerve

Question 13

What does the Adductor canal contain

Answer 13

• Femoral vessels
  -Saphenous branch of the femoral nerve

Question 14

Where does the adductor canal begin

Answer 14

• At the inferior apex of the femoral triangle

Question 15

Where does the adductore canal end

Answer 15

• Adductur hiatus

Question 16

Name the compartments the retroinguinal space can be divided into

Answer 16

• Lateral Muscular compartmnet
• Medial vascular compartment

Question 17

What does the lateral muscular compartment
Contain in the retroinguinal space?

Answer 17

Femoral nerve and iliopsoas muscle

Question 18

What does the medial vascular compartment contain

Answer 18

Femoral vessels

Question 19

What is the function of the femoral sheath

Answer 19

Surrounds the femoral vessels

Question 20

Name the compartments of the femoral sheath

Answer 20

Medial
Lateral
Central

Question 21

What does the compartments of the femoral sheath contain

Answer 21

Medial: Loose connective tissues, fat
Central: Femoral vein
Lateral : Femoral artery

Question 22

When do femoral Hernias occur

Answer 22

• When intestinal contents pass through the femoral ring and femoral canal

Question 23

Where are femoral Hernias loacted

Answer 23

Below the inguinal ligament

Question 24

Where are Inguinal hernias located

Answer 24

- Above the inguinal ligament

Question 25

Where do femoral Hernias appear

Answer 25

-In the femoral triangle

Question 26

What is the common cause of Femoral Neck fracture

Answer 26

- Low energy impact

Question 27

Who does Femoral Neck fractures commonly affect

Answer 27

- Women over 60 years old with osteoporosis

Question 28

What is the effect of Femoral Neck fracture

Answer 28

- Leads to limb shortening and lateral external rotation

Question 29

What does Femoral Neck fractures increase the risk of

Answer 29

- Avascular Necrosis

Question 30

How are popliteal Aneurysms identified

Answer 30

- Palpable pulse and abnormal sounds

Question 31

What are the effects of a popliteal aneurysm on the Tibial nerve

Answer 31

- It can stretch the nerve or block the blood duply causing pain -

Question 32

Where does pain occur in Popliteal aneurysms

Answer 32

- Medial calf, ankle and foot

Question 33

What is Pes Planus also known as

Answer 33

Flat foot

Question 34

What is Pes Planus(Flat foot)

Answer 34

It is when the Active stabilizers muscle and Passive stabilizers ligaments of the medial longitudinal arch are weak and absent

Question 35

What is the cause of flat foot

Answer 35

When the head of the Talus is unsupported, leading to forefoot eversion and abduction and increased stress on the plantar calcaneonavicular ligament

Question 36

Who is Flat foot common in

Answer 36

- Older people who stand for long time - Children under 3 years

Question 37

How is body weight transferred

Answer 37

From the tibia m through the talus and to the heel and ball of the foot

Question 38

Name the boundaries of the femoral triangle

Answer 38

-Superiorly Medially Laterally Floor Apex

Question 39

What do the boundaires of the femoral triangle contain

Answer 39

Superiorly- Inguinal ligament Medially- Adductor longus Laterally -sartorius muscle Floor - Iliopsoas and pectineus muscle Apex-- Medial and lateral borders