Anatomy and Physiology

Question 1

______________ is the area of science involving the study of organs and systems of the body.

Answer 1

Anatomy

Question 2

What there basic parts of cells are found in all human cells?

Answer 2

nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane

Question 3

The ___________ is the control center for cell activities.

Answer 3

nucleus

Question 4

The outer surface of the cell that encloses the protoplasm is know as the _______________.

Answer 4

cell membrane

Question 5

Most of the activities or production of the cell occur in the _______________

Answer 5

cytoplasm

Question 6

Metabolism includes building up of larger molecules from smaller ones, breaking down of larger molecules or substances into smaller ones, and _____________________________

Answer 6

releasing energy to perform specific body functions

Question 7

The process of building up larger molecules from smaller ones is _________________.

Answer 7

anabolism

Question 8

The release of energy within a cell necessary for the performance of specific body functions is called ________________.

Answer 8

catabolism

Question 9

___________________ covers and protects body surfaces and internal organs.

Answer 9

Epithelial tissue

Question 10

_______________ coordinates body functions and carries messages to and from the brain and spinal cord.

Answer 10

Nerve tissue

Question 11

A separate body structure composed of two or more cells of different tissues is a(n) _______________.

Answer 11

organ

Question 12

A group of body structures that together perform one or more vital functions of the body is a(n) _____________.

Answer 12

system

Question 13

The skin makes up the ______________ system.

Answer 13

integumentary

Question 14

Which system is the physical foundation of the body?

Answer 14

Skeletal

Question 15

The point at which two or more bones are joined together is called a(n) ___________.

Answer 15

joint

Question 16

Osteology is the area of science that is the study of ____________.

Answer 16

bones

Question 17

Bone is composed of 1/3 organic matter and 2/3 ____________.

Answer 17

mineral matter

Question 18

Which body system has the function to give the body shape and strength?

Answer 18

Skeletal

Question 19

The _______________ system has the function of surrounding and protecting internal organs.

Answer 19

skeletal

Question 20

The _____________ bones form the crown and upper sides of the head.

Answer 20

parietal

Question 21

The two bones located on either side of the head above the ears and below the parietal bones are the ___________.

Answer 21

temporal bones

Question 22

What is the largest bone of the facial skeleton?

Answer 22

Mandible

Question 23

The upper cheek and bottom of the eye socket are formed by the ________________ bones.

Answer 23

zygomatic

Question 24

The seven bones that form the top part of the spinal column are called the __________________.

Answer 24

cervical vertabrae

Question 25

The large, flat bone extending from the middle of the back upward to the joint where it attaches to the clavicle is called the ______________.

Answer 25

scapula

Question 26

The bone located on the little finger side of the lower forearm is the ____________.

Answer 26

ulna

Question 27

The eight carpals held together with ligaments make up the ______________.

Answer 27

wrist

Question 28

The five long, thin bones that form the palm of the hand are the __________________.

Answer 28

metacarpals

Question 29

_________________ is the study of the structure, function, and diseases of the muscles.

Answer 29

Myology

Question 30

One function of the muscular system is to support the _______________ system.

Answer 30

skeletal

Question 31

The muscles that respond to commands regulated by will are referred to as ______________.

Answer 31

striated

Question 32

_______________ muscle responds automatically to control various body functions.

Answer 32

Non-striated

Question 33

The non-moving portion of the muscle attached to bone or other fixed muscle is the ____________.

Answer 33

origin

Question 34

_______________ contracts when stimulated to produce motion.

Answer 34

Muscle tissue

Question 35

Muscles affected by massage are generally manipulated from ___________________.

Answer 35

insertion to origin

Question 36

The ________________ is formed by two muscles called the frontalis and the occipitalis.

Answer 36

epicranius

Question 37

The _________________ muscle controls the eyebrows by drawing them in and downward.

Answer 37

corrugator

Question 38

The _______________ muscle circles the eye socket and closes the eyelid.

Answer 38

orbicularis oculi

Question 39

The _______________ muscle is located between the eyebrows and is responsible for drawing down and wrinkling the area across the bridge of the nose.

Answer 39

procerus

Question 40

The ________________ muscle circles the lips and is responsible for puckering and wrinkling the lips.

Answer 40

oris orbicularis

Question 41

Which two muscles are used in coordination to perform mastication (chewing)?

Answer 41

temporalis and masseter

Question 42

Drawing the head back, rotating the shoulder blades, and swinging the arms are functions controlled by the latissimus dorsi and the ________________.

Answer 42

trapezius

Question 43

The muscle that turns the palm of the hand up is the ___________.

Answer 43

supinator

Question 44

The muscle that bends the wrist and closes the fingers is the ______________.

Answer 44

flexor

Question 45

The muscle that straightens the fingers and wrist is the ___________.

Answer 45

extensor

Question 46

What nourishes the parts of the body not reached by blood?

Answer 46

Lymph

Question 47

The heart muscle is entirely encased in a membrane called the ________________.

Answer 47

pericardium

Question 48

The ______________ are the lower chambers of the heart.

Answer 48

ventricles

Question 49

_________ is the sticky, salty fluid that circulates through the body, bringing nutrients and oxygen.

Answer 49

Blood

Question 50

_______________ fight bacteria and other foreign substances, and are also called leukocytes.

Answer 50

White blood cells

Question 51

The fluid part of the blood is called __________.

Answer 51

plasma

Question 52

Thick-walled vessels that carry blood away from the heart are _____________.

Answer 52

arteries

Question 53

____________ are dark red in color because they carry impure blood (blood carrying carbon dioxide) back from the capillaries to the heart.

Answer 53

Veins

Question 54

_________________ supply blood to the face, head and neck.

Answer 54

Common carotid arteries

Question 55

The occipital artery supplies blood to the _____________.

Answer 55

back of the head

Question 56

Which artery supplied blood to the crown and sides of the head?

Answer 56

Parietal

Question 57

The brain, spinal cord, and cranial nerves make up the ________________________.

Answer 57

central nervous system

Question 58

The __________ is the largest nerve tissue in the human body.

Answer 58

brain

Question 59

The ______________ filter out toxic substances like bacteria, and add antibodies to the lymph fluid.

Answer 59

lymph nodes

Question 60

The ____________ system may display localized swelling as a result of an infection.

Answer 60

lymph-vascular

Question 61

The nervous system is made up of __________________.

Answer 61

the central nervous system, the peripheral nervous system, and the autonomic nervous system

Question 62

The _________________ is located at the end of each axon and is responsible for sending messages away from the nerve cell in the form of nerve impulses.

Answer 62

nerve terminal

Question 63

Another name for a nerve cell is _____________.

Answer 63

neuron

Question 64

The ___________ work in harmony to receive and interpret stimuli and send the resulting impulses to the appropriate tissues, muscles and organs.

Answer 64

brain, spinal cord and nerves

Question 65

Which nerves carry messages from the brain to the muscles?

Answer 65

efferent

Question 66

The trifacial nerve is also known as the _________________________.

Answer 66

fifth cranial nerve

Question 67

The cranial nerve responsible for transmitting facial sensations to the brain is the _____________.

Answer 67

trifacial or fifth cranial nerve

Question 68

The primary motor nerve of the face is the _____________.

Answer 68

facial nerve

Question 69

Which branch of the facial nerve extends to the upper muscles of the cheek?

Answer 69

Zygomatic

Question 70

Which nerve extends to the muscles of the mouth?

Answer 70

Buccal

Question 71

What branch of the facial nerve extends to the muscles of the temple, the side of the forehead, eyebrow, eyelid and upper cheek?

Answer 71

Temporal

Question 72

Which branch of the cervical nerve extends into the side and front of the neck to the breastbone?

Answer 72

Cervical cutaneous

Question 73

Which nerve extends down the little finger side of the arm and into the palm of the hand?

Answer 73

Ulnar

Question 74

Which nerve extends down the thumb side of the arm into the back of the hand?

Answer 74

Radial

Question 75

The gastrointestinal system includes: _______________

Answer 75

pharynx, stomach, esophagus

Question 76

Why is the respiratory system important to the functioning of the body?

Answer 76

Inhalation of oxygen

Question 77

Breathing through the nose is healthier than breathing through the mouth because the nose ________________________.

Answer 77

contains mucus membranes that filter out dust and contaminants

Question 78

Which system is comprised of glands that manufacture chemical substances called hormones?

Answer 78

Endocrine