Chemistry

Question 1

The term used to describe anything that occupies space is ____________.

Answer 1

matter

Question 2

Rusting of a nail is an example of a physical change. (True or False)

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Melting ice changes water to a solid, Boiling water changes water from a liquid to a gas. These are examples of a ____________ change.

Answer 3

physical

Question 4

All matter is comprised of __________.

Answer 4

atoms

Question 5

Matter that is or once was living contains ______________, and deals with ___________________.

Answer 5

carbon, organic chemistry

Question 6

Basic substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances are called ___________.

Answer 6

elements

Question 7

Atoms that are the same form a(n) ____________.

Answer 7

element

Question 8

Two or more of the same atoms joined together by a chemical bond is a(n) _________________.

Answer 8

molecule

Question 9

When two hydrogen atoms combine with one oxygen atom, the result is water, which is a(n) ______________.

Answer 9

compound

Question 10

Carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen for the basis of _________________.

Answer 10

amino acids

Question 11

What is created when amino acids join together in chains?

Answer 11

Proteins

Question 12

What makes up the primary composition of hair?

Answer 12

Keratin

Question 13

Which bonds found in hair can be easily broken by heat or water?

Answer 13

Hydrogen bonds

Question 14

The bonds found in hair that help organize protein chains in order to build hair are called ________________.

Answer 14

side bonds

Question 15

What is the side bond that is of greatest concern to cosmetologists?

Answer 15

Disulfide bond

Question 16

Human hair is formed when protein chains connect to other protein chains. (True or False)

Answer 16

True

Question 17

Substances of acidic or alkaline nature dissolve in water and/or contain _____________.

Answer 17

water

Question 18

A solution that has more positive hydrogen ions than negative hydrogen ions is _______________.

Answer 18

acidic

Question 19

A pH of 5 is how many more times acidic that a pH of 6?

Answer 19

10

Question 20

Distilled water with a pH of 7 is considered ________.

Answer 20

neutral

Question 21

In what pH range is skin and hair?

Answer 21

4.5 - 5.5

Question 22

In the process of making a cup of instant hot chocolate, what would the powdered chocolate represent?

Answer 22

Solute

Question 23

A mixture of two or more kinds of molecules, evenly dispersed, would be a(n) ___________.

Answer 23

solution

Question 24

A substance that is able to dissolve another substance is called a(n) _____________.

Answer 24

solvent

Question 25

Mixtures of organic substances and a medicinal agent are _________________.

Answer 25

ointments

Question 26

What is formed when two or more non-miscible substances are united with the help of a binder?

Answer 26

Emulsion

Question 27

Mixtures of fats and oils converted to fatty acids by heat and then purified fall under which classification?

Answer 27

Soaps

Question 28

The instructions on a product state to shake well before use, which indicates the product is probably a(n) _______________.

Answer 28

suspension

Question 29

Which classification identifies emulsions generally used by cosmetologists?

Answer 29

oil-in-water emulsion

Question 30

Which term means non-mixable?

Answer 30

Immiscible

Question 31

______________ is cleaning the hair and scalp and removing all foreign matter without adversely affecting the scalp or hair.

Answer 31

Shampooing

Question 32

The primary ingredient in most shampoos is ____________________.

Answer 32

deionized water

Question 33

Surfactants contain a ____________ part and a _______________ part, and are used to remove oil from the hair.

Answer 33

lipophilic, hydrophilic

Question 34

If water contains certain salts of calcium, magnesium and other metals, it is classified as ______________.

Answer 34

hard water

Question 35

_____________ is purifying water by passing it through a porous substance.

Answer 35

Filtration

Question 36

Which shampoo would be most likely to remove product buildup?

Answer 36

Clarifying shampoo

Question 37

Which shampoo would be recommended for a person who is bedridden or ill?

Answer 37

Powdered dry shampoo

Question 38

Which shampoo is designed to treat scalp and hair problems or disorders?

Answer 38

Medicated shampoo

Question 39

Which shampoo contains temporary color molecules that adhere to the hair and deposit color?

Answer 39

Color shampoo

Question 40

Which conditioner will penetrate into the damaged hair shaft and deposit proteins into the cortex?

Answer 40

Body-building conditioner

Question 41

Using a conditioner increases new hair growth. (True or False)

Answer 41

False

Question 42

The main ingredients found in most neutralizers are ___________________________.

Answer 42

hydrogen peroxide, sodium perborate, or sodium bromate

Question 43

The color molecules in permanent hair color enter the hair shaft with the aid of _______________________.

Answer 43

an alkaline substance

Question 44

What occurs during oxidation?

Answer 44

A substance loses an electron and oxygen is acquired

Question 45

Oxidants, such as hydrogen peroxide, have the ability to release ______________.

Answer 45

oxygen

Question 46

Oxidative hair color causes a _______________ change in the hair.

Answer 46

chemical

Question 47

Ammonia is composed of _____________ and ________________.

Answer 47

hydrogen, nitrogen