Anatomy: Blood Vessels and Lymphatics of the Lower Limb

Question 1

What is the arcuate artery?

Answer 1

Branch of dorsalis pedis that supplies the dorsum of the foot

Question 2

Where does the small saphenous vein drain into?

Answer 2

Popliteal vein (within popliteal fossa)

Question 3

The medial and lateral plantar arteries are branches of which artery?

Answer 3

Posterior tibial artery

Question 4

Name the main deep venous structure of the foot

Answer 4

Dorsal venous arch

Question 5

Where do the digital arteries arise from?

Answer 5

Metatarsal arteries

Question 6

How many digital arteries are there per toe?

Answer 6

4

Question 7

What does the fibular artery supply?

Answer 7

Lateral compartment of the leg

Question 8

The popliteal artery is a continuation of which artery?

Answer 8

Femoral artery

Question 9

Where does lymph following the small saphenous vein drain into?

Answer 9

Popliteal lymph nodes, which then drain into deep inguinal lymph nodes

Question 10

Name the arteries of the foot

Answer 10

Dorsalis pedis, medial and lateral plantar, metatarsal, digital

Question 11

Name the main artery of the lower limb

Answer 11

Femoral artery

Question 12

Name the superficial veins of the lower limb

Answer 12

Great saphenous vein, small saphenous vein

Question 13

Where can the femoral artery be palpated?

Answer 13

In the femoral triangle, 2-3 cm inferior to the midpoint of the inguinal ligament

Question 14

Where does the great saphenous vein arise from?

Answer 14

Medial aspect of the dorsal venous arch of the foot

Question 15

Name the deep veins of the gluteal region

Answer 15

Inferior and superior gluteal veins

Question 16

Where does the great saphenous vein drain into?

Answer 16

Femoral vein

Question 17

Where does the small saphenous vein arise from?

Answer 17

Lateral aspect of the dorsal venous arch of the foot

Question 18

The fibular artery is a branch of which other artery?

Answer 18

Posterior tibial artery

Question 19

How does the femoral vein leave the thigh?

Answer 19

Runs underneath the inguinal ligament - becomes the external iliac vein

Question 20

Fractures occuring at the neck of the femur are in danger of severing which artery?

Answer 20

Medial femoral circumflex artery

Question 21

What does the anterior tibial artery supply?

Answer 21

Pierces the interosseous membrane to supply the anterior compartment of the leg

Question 22

What do the perforating branches of profounda femoris supply?

Answer 22

Perforate the adductor magnus, contributing to the supply of the muscles in the medial and posterior thigh

Question 23

Name the three main branches of the profound femoris artery

Answer 23

Perforating branches, lateral femoral circumflex artery, medial femoral circumflex artery

Question 24

Where does lymph following the great saphenous vein drain into?

Answer 24

Superficial inguinal lymph nodes, which drains into external iliac nodes and deep inguinal nodes

Question 25

What does lymph from superficial structures follow?

Answer 25

Great and small saphenous veins

Question 26

Name the deep veins of the foot and leg

Answer 26

Dorsal venous arch, medial and lateral plantar veins, anterior and posterior tibial veins, fibular vein, popliteal vein

Question 27

Where do the metatarsal arteries arise from?

Answer 27

Deep plantar arch and the arcuate artery

Question 28

Why should no adrenaline-containing local anaethetic should be used be used near the digital arteries?

Answer 28

The digital arteries are end arteries

Question 29

Name the veins which form the popliteal vein

Answer 29

Anterior tibial, posterior tibial and fibular veins

Question 30

Where can dorsalis pedis artery be palpated?

Answer 30

Lateral to extensor hallucis longus tendon

Question 31

What do the medial and lateral circumflex arteries supply?

Answer 31

Supply the majority of blood to the head of the femur through their retinacular branches

Question 32

All lymph from the lower limb ultimately drains into which node?

Answer 32

External iliac nodes

Question 33

Where does the popliteal artery divide into the anterior and posterior tibial arteries?

Answer 33

Immediately distal to the popliteal fossa

Question 34

Dorsalis pedis artery is a branch of which artery?

Answer 34

Anterior tibial artery

Question 35

The femoral vein is a continuation of which vein?

Answer 35

Once the popliteal vein has entered the thigh, it is known as the femoral vein

Question 36

The femoral artery is a continuation of which artery?

Answer 36

External iliac

Question 37

Where are the deep inguinal lymph nodes located?

Answer 37

Deep to the deep fascia of the thigh (fascia lata) medial to the femoral vein

Question 38

What does the posterior tibial artery supply?

Answer 38

Posterior compartment of the leg Supplies the foot via branches - terminates by dividing into the medial and lateral planter arteries

Question 39

Where does the profounda femoris artery arise from?

Answer 39

The posterolateral aspect of the femoral artery