Anatomy: Muscles of the Upper Limb Flashcards
(269 cards)
1
Q
Which nerve supplies brachialis?
A
Musculocutanous nerve
2
Q
Name the actions of palmaris longus
A
Flexion at the wrist
3
Q
Name the extrinsic muscles of the shoulder
A
Trapezius, latissimus dorsi, levator scapulae, rhomboid major, rhomboid minor
4
Q
Which nerve supplies triceps brachii?
A
Radial nerve
5
Q
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
A
Extensor carpi ulnaris
6
Q
Which nerves supply the lumbricals?
A
Medial nerve (lateral 2), deep branch of ulnar nerve (medial 2)
7
Q
Name the distal attachment of extensor carpi radialis longus
A
Dorsal aspect of base of 2nd metacarpal
8
Q
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
A
Extensor indicis
9
Q
Name the actions of abductor pollicis brevis
A
Abducts the thumb, helps opposition of the thumb
10
Q
Name the distal attachment of the dorsal interossei
A
Extensor expansions and proximal phalanx of each finger
11
Q
Name the distal attachment of brachialis
A
Ulnar tuberosity
12
Q
Which nerve supplies flexor pollicis longus?
A
Median nerve (anterior interosseous branch)
13
Q
Which nerve supplies pronator teres?
A
Median nerve
14
Q
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
A
Abductor digiti minimi
15
Q
Which nerve supplies abductor pollicis brevis?
A
Recurrent branch of median nerve
16
Q
Name the proximal attachment of rhomboid minor
A
Spinous processes of C7-T1 vertebrae
17
Q
Name the distal attachment of flexor carpi ulnaris
A
Pisiform carpal bone (metacarpals on ulnar side)
18
Q
Name the distal attachment of abductor pollicis brevis
A
Lateral side of base of proximal phalynx of thumb
19
Q
Which nerve supplies supinator?
A
Radial nerve (deep branch)
20
Q
Name the actions of extensor carpi radialis longus
A
Extends and abducts the hand at the wrist joint; active during clenching
21
Q
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
A
Flexor pollicis brevis
22
Q
Name the distal attachment of triceps brachii
A
The heads converge to form the triceps tendon and insert into the olecranon process of the ulna
23
Q
Name the proximal attachment of teres minor
A
Posterior surface of the scapula, adjacent to its lateral border
24
Q
Name the proximal attachment of extensor indicis
A
Posterior surface of distal 1/3 of ulna and interosseous membrane
25
Name the actions of flexor digitorum superficialis
Flexes the metacarpophalangeal joints and proximal interphalangeal joints at the 4 fingers, and flexes at the wrist
26
Which nerve supplies rhomboid major?
Dorsal scapular nerve
27
Which nerve supplies trapezius?
CN XI (accessory nerve)
28
Name the distal attachment of extensor pollicis longus
Dorsal aspect of base of distal phalynx of thumb
29
Which nerve supplies levator scapulae?
Dorsal scapular nerve
30
Name the proximal attachment of subscapularis
Subscapular fossa on the costal surface of the scapula
31
Which nerve supplies abductor digiti minimi?
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
32
Which nerve supplies all of the muscles of the anterior forearm except for the flexor carpi ulnaris and the medial part of flexor digitorum profundus?
Median nerve
33
Name the proximal attachment of flexor digitorum superficialis
Medial epicondyle of humerus, coronoid process of ulna and radial head
34
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
35
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Flexor digitorum profundus
36
Name the actions of the middle fibres of trapezius
Retract the scapula
37
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Extensor digiti minimi
38
Name the distal attachment of levator scapulae
Medial border of the scapula
39
Name the actions of extensor digitorum
Extends medial four fingers at the MCP and IP joints
40
Name the deep hypothenar muscle
Opponens digiti minimi
41
Which nerve supplies opponens pollicis?
Recurrent branch of median nerve
42
Which nerve supplies deltoid?
Axillary nerve
43
Which nerve supplies flexor carpi radialis?
Median nerve
44
Which nerve supplies biceps brachii?
Musculocutanous nerve
45
Name the muscle of the posterior upper arm
Triceps brachii
46
Name the actions of rhomboid major
Retraction of the scapula and inferior rotation of glenoid fossa
47
Name the proximal attachment of supinator
Lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral and annular ligaments, supinator fossa, crest of ulna
48
Name the distal attachment of flexor pollicis brevis
Lateral side of base of proximal phalynx of thumb
49
Name the distal attachment of deltoid
Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus
50
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Subscapularis
51
Name the distal attachment of brachioradialis
Lateral surface of distal end of the radius, just before the radial styloid process
52
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Teres major
53
Which nerve supplies extensor carpi ulnaris?
Radial nerve (deep branch)
54
Which nerve supplies flexor digitorum superficialis
Median nerve
55
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Infraspinatus
56
Name the distal attachment of abductor digiti minimi
Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
57
Name the distal attachment of extensor indicis
Extensor expansion of 2nd digit
58
Which nerve supplies all of the deep extrinsic muscles of the shoulder?
Dorsal scapular nerve
59
Name the proximal attachment of pronator teres
Two origins, one from the medial epicondyle, and the other from the coronoid process of the ulna
60
What is the flexor retinaculum?
Thickening of the antebrachial fascia of the anterior forearm that arches over the carpal bones, covering them and forming the carpal tunnel
61
Name the deep muscle of the thenar eminence
Opponens pollicis
62
What are the actions of the superficial muscles of the posterior forearm?
Responsible for extension, abduction and adduction of the wrist, and extension of the fingers (apart from brachioradialis)
63
Name the actions of extensor indicis
Extends the index finger, helps extend hand at wrist
64
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Supraspinatus
65
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Flexor carpi radialis
66
Movement of biceps brachii within the intertubercular groove of the humerus can cause what pathology?
Biceps tendonitis
67
Name the proximal attachment of extensor digiti minimi
Lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor origin)
68
Name the distal attachment of the palmar interossei
Bases of proximal phalanges, extensor expansion and proximal phalanx of same finger
69
Which nerve supplies subscapularis?
Upper and lower subscapular nerves
70
What causes 'painful arc syndrome'?
Impingement of supraspinatus tendon between the humerus and the acromion process
71
Name the distal attachment of pronator quadratus
Anterior surface of the radius
72
Name the proximal attachment of the long head of triceps brachii
Infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
73
Name the superficial muscles of the thenar eminence
Abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis
74
Name the actions of the palmar interossei
Adducts the fingers at the MCP joint
75
Name the actions of latissimus dorsi
Extends, adducts, and medially rotates the upper limb
76
Name the distal attachment of rhomboid minor
Medial border of the scapula
77
Name the distal attachment of the lumbricals
Extensor expansion of the same digit
78
Name the proximal attachment of infraspinatus
Infraspinatus fossa of the scapula
79
Name the structure that separates cracobrachialis from the triceps
Medial intermuscular septae
80
Name the muscles indicated by the arrow
Palmar interssei
81
Name the proximal attachment of the lateral head of triceps brachii
Humerus (superior to radial groove)
82
Name the proximal attachment of the medial head of triceps brachii
Humerus (inferior to radial groove)
83
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Supinator
84
Name the distal attachment of extensor digiti minimi
Extensor expansions of 5th digit
85
Name the proximal attachment of abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
86
Name the proximal attachment of latissimus dorsi
Spinous processes of T7-T12, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia and the inferior 3 ribs
87
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Extensor pollicis longus
88
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Trapezius
89
Which nerve supplies teres major?
Lower subscapular nerve
90
Name the actions of flexor carpi radialis
Flexion and abduction at the wrist
91
How many lumbricals are there?
4 - 1 for each finger
92
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Flexor digiti minimi
93
Which nerve supplies palmaris longus?
Median nerve
94
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Latissimus dorsi
95
Which nerve supplies extensor carpi radialis brevis?
Radial nerve (deep branch)
96
Name the intermediate muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm
Flexor digitorum superficialis
97
Which nerve supplies the dorsal interossei?
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
98
Name the actions of abductor pollicis longus
Abducts the thumb and extends it at CMC joint
99
Name the actions of opponens pollicis
Opposes the thumb
100
Name the proximal attachment of deltoid
Lateral 1/3 of the clavicle, the acromion, and the spine of the scapula
101
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Infraspinatus
102
Name the actions of coracobrachialis
Flexion of the arm at the shoulder, weak adduction
103
Name the muscles of the upper arm
Biceps brachii, coracobrachialis, brachialis, triceps brachii
104
Name the superficial muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm
Palmaris longus, pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris
105
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Rhomboid major
106
Name the actions of brachialis
Flexion at the elbow
107
Which nerve supplies flexor carpi ulnaris and the medial part of flexor digitorum profundus?
Ulnar nerve
108
Which nerve supplies flexor carpi ulnaris?
Flexion and adduction at the wrist
109
Name the rotator cuff muscles
Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis
110
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Deltoid
111
Name the distal attachment of supraspinatus
Greater tubercle of the humerus
112
Name the distal attachment of palmaris longus
Palmar aponeurosis
113
Name the distal attachment of extensor digitorum
Extensor expansions of medial 4 digits
114
Name the distal attachment of teres minor
Greater tubercle of the humerus
115
Name the proximal attachment of flexor pollicis brevis
Flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
116
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Levator scapulae
117
Name the distal attachment of extensor carpi radialis brevis
Dorsal aspect of base of 3rd metacarpal
118
Which arteries supply the posterior upper arm?
Profunda brachii artery and ulnar collateral artery
119
Name the muscles pictured in the diagram
Dorsal interossei
120
Name the actions of the dorsal interossei
Abducts the fingers at the MCP joint
121
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Brachialis
122
Name the actions of triceps brachii
Weak extension of the arm at the shoulder joint, and extension of the forearm at the elbow, resists dislocation of the humerus, especially during adduction
123
Name the distal attachment of teres major
Medial lip of the intertubecular groove of the humerus
124
Name the actions of flexor pollicis longus
Flexes the interphalangeal joint and metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb
125
Name the proximal attachment of the palmar interossei
Medial or lateral surface of a metacarpal
126
Which vein drains the anterior compartment of the upper arm?
Brachial vein
127
Name the actions of extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extends and abducts the hand at the wrist joint
128
Which nerve supplies brachioradialis?
Radial nerve
129
Name the actions of supinator
Supinates the forearm, rotates radius to turn palm anteriorly or superiorly (if elbow is flexed)
130
Name the actions of teres minor
Stabilises head of humerus in glenoid, laterally rotates the arm
131
Name the actions of the lumbricals
Flex the MCP and extend the PIP joints
132
Pain felt in the area of the medial epicondyle ('golfer's elbow') can be a result of tendonitis of which tendon?
Common flexor tendon
133
Which nerve supplies all of the muscles of the posterior forearm?
Radial nerve
134
Name the distal attachment of flexor digitorum profundus
Splits into four tendons at the wrist that pass through the carpal tunnel and attach to the distal phalanges of the four fingers
135
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Opponens pollicis
136
Which nerve supplies infraspinatus?
Suprascapular nerve
137
Name the distal attachment of rhomboid major
Medial border of the scapula
138
Which artery supplies the posterior compartment of the forearm?
Posterior interosseous artery (branch of the ulnar artery)
139
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Flexor carpi ulnaris
140
Name the muscle indicated by the arrows
Flexor digitorum superficialis
141
Name the distal attachment of latissimus dorsi
Fibres converge into a tendon that attaches to the intertubular sulcus of the humerus
142
Name the distal attachment of extensor pollicis brevis
Dorsal aspect of base of distal phalynx of thumb
143
Name the muscles indicated by the arrow
Lumbricals
144
Name the deep muscles of the posterior forearm
Supinator, abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus, extensor indicis
145
Which artery supplies the anterior compartment of the upper arm?
Brachial artery
146
Name the proximal attachment of flexor carpi radialis
Medial epicondyle
147
Name the distal attachment of supinator
Lateral, posterior, and anterior surfaces of proximal third of radius
148
Name the proximal attachment of brachialis
Medial and lateral surfaces of the humeral shaft
149
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Subscapularis
150
Which nerve supplies coracobrachialis?
Musculocutanous nerve
151
Name the intrinsic muscles of the shoulder
Deltoid, teres major, rotator cuff muscles (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis)
152
Name the actions of teres major
Adducts and extends the shoulder, and medially rotates the arm
153
Name the proximal attachment of extensor pollicis longus
Posterior surface of middle 1/3 of ulna and interosseous membrane
154
Which nerve supplies extensor digitorum?
Radial nerve (deep branch)
155
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Extensor pollicis brevis
156
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Extensor digitorum
157
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Rhomboid minor
158
Which nerve supplies teres minor?
Axillary nerve
159
Name the actions of abductor digiti minimi
Abducts the 5th digit; assists in flexion of its proximal phalanx
160
Name the proximal attachment of opponens digiti minimi
Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum
161
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Teres minor
162
Name the distal attachment of flexor carpi radialis
Base of metacarpals II and III (metacarpals on the radial side)
163
Name the actions of infraspinatus
Stabilises head of humerus in glenoid, laterally rotates the arm
164
Name the actions of flexor digiti minimi
Flexes proximal phalanx of 5th digit
165
Which nerve supplies all of the muscles in the anterior arm?
Musculocutanous nerve
166
Name the proximal attachment of the short head of biceps brachii
Coracoid process of the scapula
167
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Opponens digiti minimi
168
Name the superficial hypothenar muscles
Abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi
169
Name the distal attachment of opponens digiti minimi
Medial border of 5th metacarpal
170
Name the proximal attachment of levator scapulae
Transverse processes of the C1-C4 vertebrae
171
Name the proximal attachment of teres major
Inferior angle of the scapula
172
Name the proximal attachment of abductor digiti minimi
Pisiform
173
Name the proximal attachment of flexor digiti minimi
Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum
174
Which nerve supplies rhomboid minor?
Dorsal scapular nerve
175
Name the actions of the upper fibres of trapezius
Elevate the scapula and rotates it during abduction of the arm
176
Which nerve supplies extensor pollicis longus?
Radial nerve (posterior interosseous branch)
177
Which nerve supplies extensor indicis?
Radial nerve (posterior interosseous branch)
178
Name the actions of brachioradialis
Flexion of the semi-promated forarm
179
Name the action of pronator teres
Pronation of the forearm
180
Name the actions of opponens digiti minimi
Draws 5th metacarpal anterior and rotates it, bringing 5th digit into opposition with thumb
181
Name the muscles of the anterior upper arm
Biceps brachii, coracobrachialis, brachialis
182
Name the proximal attachment of trapezius
The skull, nuchal ligament and the spinous processes of C7-T12
183
Name the distal attachment of flexor digiti minimi
Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
184
What travels within the radial groove?
The profunda brachii artery and the radial nerve
185
Name the actions of flexor pollicis brevis
Flexes the first MCP joint of the thumb
186
Name the shared origin of the superficial flexor muscles of the forearm
Common flexor tendon which attaches to the medial epicondyle of the humerus
187
Which nerve supplies latissimus dorsi?
Thoracodorsal nerve
188
Which nerve supplies flexor digiti minimi?
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
189
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Pronator teres
190
Which nerve supplies supraspinatus?
Suprascapular nerve
191
Name the proximal attachment of extensor digitorum
Lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor origin)
192
How would you elicit the biceps deep tendon reflex?
Place examiners thumb on the biceps tendon (within the cubital fossa) and then strike briskly the thumb with a tendon hammer
193
Name the actions of subscapularis
Stabilises head of humerus in glenoid, medially rotates the arm (principle internal rotator)
194
Name the distal attachment of extensor carpi ulnaris
Dorsal aspect of base of 5th metacarpal
195
Name the proximal attachment of brachioradialis
2/3rds of supracondylar ridge of humerus
196
Name the distal attachment of subscapularis
Lesser tubercle of the humerus
197
Name the superficial muscles of the posterior forearm
Brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi, extensor carpi ulnas
198
Which nerves supply flexor digitorum profundus?
Medial half innervated by ulnar nerve, lateral half innervated by anterior interosseous branch of the median nerve
199
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Teres minor
200
Which nerve supplies the palmar interossei?
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
201
Name the actions of rhomboid minor
Retraction of the scapula and inferior rotation of glenoid fossa
202
Name the actions of extensor pollicis longus
Extends all joints of the thumb - CMC, MCP, IPJ
203
Which nerve supplies opponens digiti minimi?
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
204
Name the proximal attachment of abductor pollicis longus
Posterior surface of proximal halves of ulna, radius and interosseous membrane
205
Name the proximal attachment of opponens pollicis
Flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
206
Name the proximal attachment of extensor pollicis brevis
Posterior surface of distal 1/3 of radius and interosseous membrane
207
Name the shared origin of the superficial extensor muscles of the forearm
Common extensor tendon which attaches to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus
208
Name the proximal attachment of pronator quadratus
Anterior surface of the ulna
209
Which nerve supplies extensor carpi radialis longus?
Radial nerve
210
Name the actions of levator scapulae
Elevation of the scapula and inferior rotation of gleniod fossa
211
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Brachioradialis
212
Why is it important that the muscle fibres of the rotator cuff muscles are oriented horizontally or obliquely?
Means the muscles hold the head of the humerus in the glenoid fossa of the scapula in all positions of the joint
213
Name the deep muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm
Flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus, pronator quadratus
214
Name the actions of the middle fibres of deltoid
Major abductor of the arm (taking over from supraspinatus beyond 15°)
215
Name the actions of supraspinatus
Stabilises head of humerus in glenoid, abducts arm 0-15°
216
Name the proximal attachment of flexor carpi ulnaris
Medial epicondyle with the other superficial flexors, also has a long origin from the ulna
217
Name the proximal attachment of the lumbricals
Tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
218
Name the distal attachment of infraspinatus
Greater tubercle of the humerus
219
Name the proximal attachment of extensor carpi radialis brevis
Lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor origin)
220
Name the actions of extensor pollicis brevis
Extends at the MCP and CMC joints of the thumb
221
Why can the thenar eminence be affected by carpal tunnel syndrome?
Innervated by the median nerve
222
Name the actions of the lower fibres of trapezius
Pull scapula inferiorly
223
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Coracobrachialis
224
Name the actions of flexor digitorum profundus
Flexes the distal interphalangeal joints of the fingers, also flexes at metacarpophalangeal joints and at the wrist
225
Which nerve supplies flexor pollicis brevis?
Recurrent branch of median nerve
226
Name the proximal attachment of flexor digitorum profundus
Ulna and associated interosseous membrane
227
Name the distal attachment of flexor digitorum superficialis
Splits into four tendons at the wrist, which travel through the carpal tunnel, and attaches to the middle phalanges of the four fingers
228
Name the distal attachment of coracobrachialis
Medial side of the humeral shaft
229
Name the distal attachment of trapezius
The clavicle, acromion, and the scapula spine
230
Which nerve supplies extensor digiti minimi?
Radial nerve (deep branch)
231
Name the proximal attachment of extensor carpi ulnaris
Lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor origin)
232
Name the actions of extensor digiti minim
Extends the little finger and MCP and IP joints
233
Name the actions of flexor carpi ulnaris
Ulnar nerve
234
Name the distal attachment of abductor pollicis longus
Dorsal aspect of base of 1st metacarpal
235
Which nerve supplies abductor pollicis longus?
Radial nerve (posterior interosseous branch)
236
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Pronator quadratus
237
Name the muscle indicated by the arrows
Triceps brachii
238
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Extensor carpi radialis longus
239
Name the actions of pronator quadratus
Pronates the forearm
240
Name the distal attachment of opponens pollicis
Lateral side of 1st metacarpal
241
Which vein drains the posterior upper arm?
Profunda brachii vein
242
Name the actions of biceps brachii
Supination of the forearm, flexion of the arm at the elbow and at the shoulder
243
Name the proximal attachment of coracobrachialis
Coracoid process of the scapula
244
Name the distal attachment of pronator teres
Mid-shaft of the radius
245
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Abductor pollicis longus
246
Which nerve supplies pronator quadratus?
Median nerve (anterior interosseous branch)
247
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Palmaris longus
248
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Supraspinatus
249
Name the superficial extrinsic muscles of the shoulder
Trapezius, latissimus dorsi
250
Name the proximal attachment of rhomboid major
Spinous processes of T2-T5 vertebrae
251
Which fingers does the lateral half of flexor digitorum profundus act on?
Middle and index fingers
252
Name the proximal attachment of flexor pollicis longus
Anterior surface of the radius and surrounding interosseous membrane
253
Name the proximal attachment of extensor carpi radialis longus
Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
254
Name the proximal attachment of the dorsal interossei
Lateral and medial surfaces of metacarpals
255
Name the proximal attachment of palmaris longus
Medial epicondyle
256
Pain felt in the area of the lateral epicondyle ('tennis elbow') can be a result of tendonitis of which tendon?
Common extensor tendon
257
Name the actions of the posterior fibres of deltoid
Extension and lateral rotation at shoulder
258
Which fingers does the medial half of flexor digitorum profundus act on?
Little and ring fingers
259
Name the distal attachment of flexor pollicis longus
Base of the distal phalanx of the thumb
260
Name the actions of extensor carpi ulnaris
Extension and adduction of hand at wrist joint (also active during fist clenching)
261
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Flexor pollicis longus
262
What is the extensor reticulum?
Thickened part of the antebrachial fascia that holds the tendons of the extensor muscles in place. as they cross the wrist
263
Name the muscle indicated by the arrow
Abductor pollicis brevis
264
Which nerve supplies extensor pollicis brevis?
Radial nerve (posterior interosseous branch)
265
Name the actions of the anterior fibres of deltoid
Flexion and medial rotation at shoulder
266
Name the proximal attachment of the long head of biceps brachii
Supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
267
Name the deep extrinsic muscles of the shoulder
Levator scapulae, rhomboid major, rhomboid minor
268
Name the muscle indicated by the arrows
Biceps brachii
269
Name the proximal attachment of supraspinatus
Supraspinatus fossa of the scapula
