anatomy chapter 4 test

Question 1

Funcitons of epithelial tissue

Answer 1

Physical protection
Permeability control
Sensation trigger
Specialized glandular secretions

Question 2

Characteristics of Epithelial tissue

Answer 2

Cells closely packed
Apical cells exposed to external or internal surface
Cells attached to basement membrane
Avascular - Lack blood vessels
Cells continually replaced

Question 3

functions of connective tissue

Answer 3

Structural framework
Fluid and solute transport
Physical protection
Tissue interconnection
Fat storage
Microorganism defense

Question 4

characteristics of connective tissue

Answer 4

Specialized cells
Extracellular matrix

Question 5

muscular tissue funcitions

Answer 5

Contractions for movement of body or substances

Question 6

characteristics of muscle tissue

Answer 6

Capable of contraction
Actin filaments
Myosin filaments

Question 7

functions of nervous tissue

Answer 7

Conduct electrical impulses
Transfer, process, and store information

Question 8

nervous tissue characteristics

Answer 8

Neuron characteristics

Question 9

simple squamous function

Answer 9

secretion and absorption (flat pancake-like cells)

Question 10

location of simple squamous

Answer 10

lining of body cavities and blood vessels

Question 11

function of simple cuboidal

Answer 11

reduces friction, absorption and secretion

Question 12

location of simple cuboidal

Answer 12

lining of glands and ducts

Question 13

function of simple columnar

Answer 13

secretion and absorption (with the help of microvilli)

Question 14

location of simple columnar

Answer 14

lining of stomach and intestines

Question 15

function of stratified squamous

Answer 15

physical protection against abrasions and chemicals

Question 16

location of stratified squamous

Answer 16

skin and lining of mouth and esophagus

Question 17

function of pseudostratified columnar

Answer 17

secretion and movement of mucus (with the help of cilia)

Question 18

location of pseudostratified columnar

Answer 18

lining of the nasal cavity and reproductive tracts

Question 19

function of transitional tissue

Answer 19

permits expansion

Question 20

location of transitional tissue

Answer 20

lining of bladder and uterus

Question 21

difference between simple and stratified squamous epithelial tissues

Answer 21

Simple is one layer, stratified is many layers
Simple is for coverage of spaces with little friction, stratified is for coverage of spaces with lots of friction

Question 22

function of areolar (loose CT)

Answer 22

cushion, support, protection

Question 23

Fibroblasts
Macrophages
Fat cells
Mast cells
Collagen fibers
Reticular fibers
Elastic fibers

Answer 23

Areolar (Loose) components

Question 24

Beneath skin
Digestive, respiratory and urinary tracts
Between muscles
Around blood vessels, nerves and joints

Answer 24

Areolar (loose) location

Question 25

Padding Cushions shocks insulation Energy storage

Answer 25

Adipose funciton

Question 26

Adipocytes

Answer 26

Adipose

Question 27

Beneath skin surrounding organs buttocks and breasts

Answer 27

Adipose location

Question 28

Flexible support Reduce friction

Answer 28

Cartilage function

Question 29

Chondrocytes + firm gel

Answer 29

cartilage components

Question 30

Hyaline - Between bones at joints Larynx, trachea, bronchi Nasal septum Elastic - Ear epiglottis acoustic canal Fibro - between vertebrae Between pubic bones

Answer 30

cartilage location

Question 31

Support Leverage for movement

Answer 31

Bone function

Question 32

Osteocytes Collagen fibers Calcium salts

Answer 32

bone components

Question 33

skeleton

Answer 33

bone location

Question 34

transport nutrients, wastes, hormones around the body

Answer 34

blood function

Question 35

RBCs WBCs platelets plasma

Answer 35

blood components

Question 36

in blood vessels and heart

Answer 36

location of blood

Question 37

Lines cavities that connect to exterior, Mucus moistens surfaces

Answer 37

mucus membrane function

Question 38

located in the oral cavity, airways

Answer 38

mucus membrane locations

Question 39

Line internal cavities, Watery fluid moistens surface

Answer 39

Serous membrane function

Question 40

located in the peritoneal membrane

Answer 40

serous membrane location

Question 41

Covers body surface, Dry surface waterproofs the body

Answer 41

cutaneous membrane function

Question 42

located in the skin

Answer 42

cutaneous location

Question 43

Lines joints, Secretes slippery synovial fluid, lubricates joints

Answer 43

synovial membrane functions

Question 44

located in the joints

Answer 44

synovial membrane location

Question 45

what is the function of nervous tissue

Answer 45

Send and receive messages throughout the body and nervous system

Question 46

what are the main parts of the neuron

Answer 46

Dendrites - Information entry Cell body - Information integration Axon (nerve fibers) - Information transmission Synaptic terminals - Information transfer

Question 47

what changes as we age

Answer 47

Healing slows Epithelia become thinner Connective tissues become more fragile Bones weaken, become brittle Neuron and muscle fiber losses accumulate Lifestyle interventions slow decline

Question 48

Isolation of injured area Cleanup of damaged tissue Warmth Redness Swelling Pain

Answer 48

inflammation

Question 49

Repair/replacement of damaged tissue Restoration of tissue function Scar tissue from fibroblast activity Complete, partial, or no _______ Tissue fibrosis common outcome

Answer 49

regeneration

Question 50

compare and contrast the three types of muscle.

Answer 50

Skeletal: Voluntary, multiple nuclei, striations, cyndrical cell shape, located: attached to bones Cardiac: involuntary, single nucleus, striations, cylindrical shaped cells, intercalated discs, located: Heart ONLY Smooth: involuntary, single nucleus, no striations, spindle shaped cells, located: in body organs