Anatomy of Abdominal Wall

Question 1

Key Landmarks of the anterolateral abdominal wall

Answer 1

• Linea alba
• Semilunar line( a.k.a Linda semilunaris)
• Tendinous intersections:
• Umbilicus
• Iliac crest:
• Inguinal ligament:

Question 2

Umbilicus:

– Site that marks the—— dermatome

Answer 2

T10

Question 3

Umbilicus lying at the level of

Answer 3

intervertebral

disc between L3 and L4

Question 4

Iliac crest:

Answer 4

lies at about the level of L4 vertebra.

Question 5

Inguinal ligament:

Composed of

Answer 5

aponeurotic fibers of external abdominal oblique

muscle

Question 6

Inguinal ligament:

Marks the division between

Answer 6

the lower abdominal wall and upper thigh

of the lower limb.

Question 7

Median plane

Answer 7

Vertical plane from xiphoid process to pubic symphysis

Question 8

Transumbilical plane

Answer 8

Horizontal plane across umbilicus at the L4 disc;

Question 9

planes divide abdomen into quadrants.

Answer 9

Median

Transumbillical

Question 10

Clinical Planes of Reference for Abdomen Nine regions

Answer 10

Subcostal

Intertubercular

Midclavicular

Question 11

Subcostal plane

transverse (horizontal) plane which bisects the body at level of the

Answer 11

10th costal margin and the vertebra body L3.

Question 12

Intertubercular plane

Posteriorly, plane cuts the body of the

Answer 12

L5

Question 13

Intertubercular

lower transverse line midway between

Answer 13

the upper

transverse and upper border of the pubic symphysis.

Question 14

Intertubercular plane Passing through

Answer 14

iliac tubercles (Transtubercular).

Question 15

Midclavicular plane crosses the costal margin near the

Answer 15

the end of the 9th costal cartilage

Question 16

Transpyloric plane, also known as

Answer 16

Addison’s Plane

Question 17

Transpyloric plane Is an upper transverse line, located

halfway between the

Answer 17

jugular notch and the upper border of the pubic symphysis.

Question 18

Transpyloric plane in most cases cuts through

Answer 18

1-the pylorus of the stomach,
2-the tips of the ninth costal cartilages and
3-the lower border of the first lumbar vertebra (L1).

Question 19

Transpyloric plane L1, Passes just—- - the end of the spinal cord in adults.

Answer 19

Before

Upper part of conus medullaris

Question 20

LAYERS OF THE ANTEROLATERAL ABDOMINAL WALL

Answer 20

Skin:  epidermis and dermis. 
Superficial Fascia (subcutaneous tissue)
Investing fascia (deep fascia)
Abdominal muscles

Question 21

Superficial Fascia (subcutaneous tissue):
Above the umbilicus –

Answer 21

A single sheet of connective tissue.
It is continuous with superficial fascia in other regions of the
body.

Question 22

Superficial Fascia (subcutaneous tissue):

Below the umbilicus

Answer 22

divided into two layers;
1-Camper’s fascia
2-Scarpa’s fascia

Question 23

Camper’s Layer

Answer 23

fat, superficial blood vessels, nerves, lymphatics

Question 24

Camper’s Layer

Over the pubis it continues as

Answer 24

the superficial layer of the superficial perineal fascia

Question 25

below the superficial inguinal ring it give place to the

Answer 25

dartos muscle of the | scrotum

Question 26

Scarpa’s Layer

Answer 26

Deeper, thinner, fibrous membranous layer | present only on the anterior abdominal wall.

Question 27

Scarpa’s Layer | Superiorly

Answer 27

fades away midway between the pubis and umbilicus above. – is continuous with superficial fascia over rest of the trunk.

Question 28

Scarpa’s Layer Laterally: – Fades way in

Answer 28

lumber region.

Question 29

Scarpa’s Layer Inferiorly In the lateral part it passes over the ——— into the———, where it’s attached to———-

Answer 29

inguinal ligament upper thigh fascia lata.

Question 30

Just below superficial inguinal ring, Scapa’s | fascia is known as

Answer 30

Colle’s fascia.

Question 31

Colle’s fascia In the perineum it covers the penis up to the glans, gives cover to the

Answer 31

scrotum under the | Darto’s muscle.

Question 32

Colle’s fascia In female, it is continued into the——- and from there to the———-

Answer 32

labia majora fascia of Colles

Question 33

Colle’s fascia Superiorly Continues with

Answer 33

Scarpa’s fascia

Question 34

Colle’s fascia Inferiorly Attached to

Answer 34

posterior border of urogenital diaphragm.

Question 35

Colle’s fascia Laterally: attached to

Answer 35

conjoined ischiopubic ramus

Question 36

Colle’s fascia

Answer 36

Continuous with its fellow of opposite side.

Question 37

Abdominal muscles: three flat layers, similar to the————-, except

Answer 37

thoracic wall musculature except in the anterior mid-region where the vertically oriented rectus abdominis muscle lies in the rectus sheath.

Question 38

Rupture of the Urethra in Males and Extravasation of Urine

Answer 38

-

Question 39

Rupture of the corpus spongiosum and spongy urethra results in

Answer 39

urine passing from it (extravasating) into the superficial perineal space.

Question 40

Abdominal viscera supported by

Answer 40

thoracic cage, pelvic girdle | and abdominal wall musculature

Question 41

Bony landmarks of anteroabdominal wall

Answer 41

``` Xiphoid process (T9) Coastal margin (L3) L1-5 vertebral bodies and sacrum • Ilium – Iliac crest (L4) – anterior and posterior superior spines – Tubercle of the crest • Pubic bone – Pubic crest – Pubic symphysis – Pubic tubercle • Pelvic inlet ```

Question 42

Linea alba: the white line,—— midline subcutanous band of fibrous tissue where facial aponeurosis pf rectus sheath from each side interdigitate in the midline

Answer 42

Avascular

Question 43

Semilunar line aka? | Located?

Answer 43

Linda semilunaris Lateral border of the rectus abdominis muscle in the rectus sheath

Question 44

Tendinous intersections———— that demarcate ——

Answer 44

Transverse skin grooves Transverse fibrous attachment points of rectus sheath to the underlying rectus abdomins muscle