Anatomy Of Pancreas And Extrabilliary System

Question 1

Gall bladder Extends from—— free margin of the liver, which is notched by it, to——-

Answer 1

anterior

right extremity of the porta.

Question 2

Gall bladder is anterior to

Answer 2

1-superior part of the duodenum,
2-hepatic flexure and
3-proximaltransverse colon

Question 3

Gall bladder is —— organ

Answer 3

intraperitoneal (covered by peritoneum continued from the liver surface)

Question 4

Galbladder firmly attached to visceral (inferior) surface of liver by ———— between right and
quadrate liver lobes in gallbladder fossa or bed

Answer 4

CT

Question 5

Fossa for gallbladder is a ——————- placed on the undersurface of
———(segments —- and——], parallel with——-

Answer 5

Shallow, oblong fossa

right lobe (IV, V)

left sagittal fossa.

Question 6

Gall bladder function ?

functionally connected through ?

Answer 6

Stores and concentrates bile

extrahepatic duct system.,

Question 7

Gallbladder removal due to obstruction or chronic inflammation leads to

Answer 7

direct flow of bile from liver to gut, with few major consequences on digestion. Body

Question 8

Mobile gallbladder -

Answer 8

vascular torsion

Question 9

Rarely, the gallbladder is almost completely buried within the liver (intrahepatic
gallbladder or suspended from the liver by a peritoneal mesentery ),
or connected to the duodenum by an extension of the free edge of the lesser omentum

Answer 9

.

Question 10

Gall bladder subdivided into 3 anatomical parts:

Answer 10

1-Fundus (bulbous fundus)
2-Body
3-Neck Infundibulum

Question 11

The fundus projects to variable extent from ———onto ————- at the intersection of right 9th costal cartilage and lateral
margin of the rectus abdominis muscle (midclavicular line):

Answer 11

inferior border of liver

anterior abdominal wall

Question 12

Fundus project from inferior border of liver onto anterior

abdominal wall at the intersection of

Answer 12

right 9th costal cartilage and lateral

margin of the rectus abdominis muscle (midclavicular line)

Question 13

This is where

enlargement of the gallbladder is best sought on clinical examination.

Answer 13

intersection of right 9th costal cartilage and lateral

margin of the rectus abdominis muscle (midclavicular line)

Question 14

Fundus is commonly lies adjacent to ?

Answer 14

transverse colon

Question 15

Fundus my be

Answer 15

Elongated and highly mobile

Question 16

Body of gallbladder lies in

Answer 16

gallbladder fossa

Question 17

Body of gallbladder normally lies in contact with

Answer 17

visceral surface of the liver

Question 18

Body: when this widening is clearly demarcated as a result of gallstone disease, it is
referred to as

Answer 18

Hartmann’s pouch’

Question 19

Body:

Lies ant to

Answer 19

2nd part of duodenum and right end of transverse colon.

Question 20

Neck Infundibulum:

Answer 20

S-shaped spiral mucosal folds (of Heister)

Question 21

Neck Infundibulum:

lies at medial end, close to porta hepatis, and almost always has a short
peritoneal attachment (mesentery) to liver, which usually contains cystic a

Answer 21

?

Question 22

Neck Infundibulum:

Lies anterior to

Answer 22

2nd part of the duodenum

Question 23

Bile produced by ?

Flows through ?

Answer 23

Hepatocytye

Bile canaliculi , bile ductules, bile duct

Question 24

Bile canaliculi , bile ductules, bile duct These structures gradually merge, forming a
converging network that ultimately forms

Answer 24

The common hepatic duct

Question 25

The common hepatic duct joins the cystic duct from the gallbladder and cont to the duodenum as

Answer 25

The common bile duct

Question 26

Left hepatic duct is formed by the union of ————-, | most often behind or to the left of the umbilical portion of the left portal vein

Answer 26

segment II and III ducts,

Question 27

Biliary drainage of segment IV is more variable but is usually by a single duct into the

Answer 27

left hepatic duct.

Question 28

Right hepatic duct is formed by the union of——— wich drains segment ———- and ——— which ddrains segments sectoral ducts.

Answer 28

right anterior (medial) , V and VIII posterior (lateral) VI and VII

Question 29

Right posterior (lateral) sectoral duct usually curves around the—————- before fusing with its medial aspect

Answer 29

posterior aspect of right anterior (medial) duct

Question 30

Hjortsjö’s crook

Answer 30

?

Question 31

Bile ducts draining caudate lobe (segment —- ) usually join the ——————- near the hilar confluence.

Answer 31

Segment 1 origin of left hepatic left ductal system. duct or may drain into both hepatic ducts

Question 32

Right hepatic duct and its branches are ——————— than the left ductal system

Answer 32

more often subject to variation

Question 33

Luschka’s duct

Answer 33

A small bile duct from segment V of the liver may traverse gallbladder fossa and join right hepatic duct or its anterior sectoral branch or the common hepatic duct.

Question 34

Luschka’s duct | its importance lies

Answer 34

in the fact that it may be injured | during cholecystectomy, causing a postoperative bile leak.

Question 35

An oblique groove on the inferior surface of the liver posterior to gallbladder bed is present in 70–80% of livers. • It is variably known as the

Answer 35

fissure of Gans, Rouviere’s | sulcus or the incisura hepatis dextra

Question 36

It overlies the division of the right posterior (lateral) portal pedicle, where it gives off the inferior segment VI branch. • It has been increasingly recognized as a useful anatomical landmark during hepatic resection and in laparoscopic cholecystectomy • (since cystic duct and artery lie anterosuperior to the sulcus while CBD lies posteroinferior)

Answer 36

?

Question 37

Sectoral ducts secrete bile via

Answer 37

Right and left hepatic ducts

Question 38

Right and left hepatic ducts fuse into ————— in the ———

Answer 38

Common hepatic duct Lateral part of the oorta hepatis

Question 39

Neck of gallbladder funnels off into short

Answer 39

Cystic duct

Question 40

Cystic duct combines with common helatic duct to form

Answer 40

Commin buke duct ( CBD )

Question 41

Common bile duct united with pancreatic duct to form

Answer 41

Ampulla of vater | hepatopancreatic ampulla

Question 42

Ampulla of vater | (hepatopancreatic ampulla) opens into

Answer 42

duodenum on the major duodenal | papilla.

Question 43

The flow of bile and pancretic juice is controlled by

Answer 43

Sphincter of Oddi

Question 44

Right and left hepatic ducts to emerge from liver and unite near ———— to form the common hepatic duct.

Answer 44

right end of | porta hepatis

Question 45

Extrahepatic right + left duct

Answer 45

Right ; is short and nearly vertical Left ; longer, more horizontal

Question 46

Extrahepatic left duct lies along

Answer 46

Inf border of segment 4

Question 47

Accessibility of extrahepatic segment of left hepatic duct is exploited when performing a

Answer 47

surgical biliary bypass in patients with benign hilar bile duct strictures.