Anatomy of back, spine and spinal cord Flashcards
(44 cards)
What do dimples in the lower back indicate?
PSIS
What bone begins at the PSIS?
sacrum
What are the extrinsic back muscles?
levator scapulae; rhomboids; trapezius and latissimus dorsi
Where do the extrinsic back muscles attach?
pectoral girdle
What is the function of the extrinsic back muscles?
to move the upper limb
What are the functions of intrinsic back muscles?
maintain back posture and move and support the spine
What are the 2 groups of intrinsic back muscles?
erector spinae and transversospinalis
What are the attachments of the common tendon of erector spinae?
sacrum and iliac crest
How many muscles are part of the erector spinae group?
3 vertical muscles
Where is erector spinae in relation to transversospinalis?
superficial
What are teh 3 muscles of erector spinae?
iliocostalis; longissimus and spinalis
What are the superior attachments of erector spinae?
ribs; transverse and spinal processes of vertebrae
Where is transversospinalis located?
within the grooves between the transverse and spinous processes
What do transversospinalis attach between?
vertebrae and skull; rib; sacrum and other vertebrae
What is the nerve supply of the intrinsic back muscles?
segmental- posterior rami
What movement occurs with bilateral contraction of erector spinae?
spine extension
What movement with unilateral contraction of erector spinae?
lateral flexion
What muscles are involved in flexion of the spine?
psoas major and rectus abdominus
When does the cervical lordosis develop?
around 3 months
What causes the cervical lordosis to develop?
as child gains head control
When does the lumbar lordosis develop?
around 6-8months
What causes the lumbar lordosis to develop?
child is able to sit independently
What is the function of the pedicles?
connect the vertebral body to the neural arch
What forms the vertebral arch?
laminae and pedicles
