Anatomy of Kidney Flashcards

(27 cards)

1
Q

Basic structural &functional unit of the kidney

A

Nephrons

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2
Q

Trace - Urine Formation

A
  1. Glomerulus
  2. Proximal Convoluted
    Tubule
  3. Loop of Henle
  4. Distal Convoluted
    Tubule
  5. Collecting duct
  6. Calyx
  7. Renal pelvis
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3
Q

Trace - Travel of Blood in Kidneys

A
  1. Afferent Arteriole
  2. Glomerulus
  3. Efferent arteriole
  4. Peritubular Capillaries
  5. Vasa Recta
  6. Renal Vein
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4
Q

Renal Blood Flow

A

1200 ml/min

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5
Q

Renal Plasma Flow

A

600-700 m/min

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6
Q

1ST function to be affected in RENAL DISEASE

A

Tubular Reabsorption

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7
Q

Major site(65%) of Reabsorption & Secretion

A

PCT

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8
Q

Glucose renal threshold

A

160-180 mg/dL

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9
Q

Highly impermeable to water

A

Ascending Loop of Henle

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10
Q

A system that regulates blood flow to and within the
kidneys by responding to changes in blood pressure and plasma sodium

A

RAAS

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11
Q

From juxtaglomerular cells (kidney): ______________
From lungs: _____________
From liver: ______________

A

From juxtaglomerular cells (kidney):Renin
From lungs: ACE
From liver: Angiotensinogen

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12
Q

Regulates water reabsorption in the DCT and CD

A

ADH/AVP

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13
Q

Regulates Na(Sodium) reabsorption

A

Aldosterone

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14
Q

1st to Increase in Renal Disease

A

BUN

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15
Q

Kidney function Tests - Renal Blood Flow

A

BUN
Creatinine
BUA

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16
Q

Clearance Tests

Reference method:
Routine method:
Indirect Measure:

A

Clearance Tests

Reference method: Inulin Clearance Test
Routine method: Creatinine Clearance Test
Indirect Measure: Cystatin C

17
Q

Variables - Cockgroft and Gault

A

Age
Weight
Serum Creatinine
Gender

18
Q

Variables - MDRD

A

Ethnicity
Age
Serum Creatinine
BUN

19
Q

Most commonly used calculated GFR estimate

A

Cockgroft and Gault

20
Q

Calculated GFR that utilizes additional variables and does not include body weight

21
Q

Small protein produced by all nucleated cells; related to GFR

22
Q

Fishberg

A

24-hour water deprivation test

23
Q

Mosenthal

A

Compared volume and specific gravity of day and night urine

24
Q

1 -1.5 Million

A

Number of nephrons per kidney

25
Cortical
Nephrons that function in reabsorption and secretion
26
Juxtamedullary
Nephrons that function in urine concentration
27
Percent of cardiac output that the kidneys receive
25%