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Neuroanatomy Lecture > Anatomy of the Canine Brain > Flashcards

Anatomy of the Canine Brain Flashcards

1
Q

What does the neural tube form from?

A

neuroectoderm

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2
Q

Which portion of the neural tube grows more?

A

the anterior portion

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3
Q

Which portion of the neural tube becomes the brain?

A

the anterior portion

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4
Q

What structures are dervied from the telencephalon?

A

cerebrum and rhinencephalon

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5
Q

What structure seperates both hemispheres of the brain?

A

the longitudinal fissure

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6
Q

What gyri are located on the lateral side of the brain?

A

sylvian, ectosylvian, and suprasylvian gyri

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7
Q

What sensory regions are located within the ectosylvian gyrus?

A

somesthetic and auditory

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8
Q

What sensory regions are located in the suprasylvian gyrus?

A

somesthetic and motor

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9
Q

What gyrus is located on the caudal portion of the brain?

A

the occipital gyrus

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10
Q

What sensory region is located in the occipital gyrus?

A

the visual region

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11
Q

What gyri are located on the dorsal side of the brain?

A

the precruciate and postcruciate gyri

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12
Q

What sensory regions are located in the postcruciate gyri?

A

somesthetic and motor

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13
Q

What are the lobes of the cerebrum?

A

temporal, frontal, parietal, occipital, and piriform

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14
Q

What structures make up gray matter?

A

cell bodies, dendrites, axons, glia, and capillaries

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15
Q

What structures make up white matter?

A

axons, glia, and capillaries

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16
Q

Is the cerebral cortex located in the grey or white matter?

A

grey

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17
Q

Is the basal nuclei located in the grey or white matter?

A

grey

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18
Q

Is the corpus callosum located in the grey or white matter?

A

white

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19
Q

What is the function of the corpus callosum?

A

it carries information from the right side of the cerebrum to the left side and vice versa

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20
Q

Is the internal capsule located in the grey or white matter?

A

white

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21
Q

What is the internal capsule made up of?

A

afferent and efferent fibers

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22
Q

Where does information flow within a neuron?

A

to dendrites and out at the axon terminal

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23
Q

What does the presynaptic part of a neuron do?

A

it sends information to another neuron

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24
Q

What does the postsynaptic part of a neuron do?

A

it recieves information from another neuron

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25
Q

What do afferent fibers do?

A

they bring sensory information to the brain or from one brain structure to antoher

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26
Q

What do efferent fibers do?

A

they send motor information to the brain or from one brain structure to another

27
Q

How many processes at the cell body are there in unipolar neurons?

A

one

28
Q

What type of neurons are unipolar neurons?

A

sensory

29
Q

How many processes at the cell body are there in bipolar neurons?

A

two

30
Q

What type of neurons are bipolar neurons?

A

sensory

31
Q

How many processes at the cell body are there in multipolar neurons?

A

many

32
Q

What type of neurons are multipolar neurons?

A

sensory and motor

33
Q

What are the three layers of the meninges?

A

dura mater, arachnoid, and pia mater

34
Q

What is located in between the arachnoid and pia mater?

A

the subarachnoid space

35
Q

What is the leptomenengies?

A

the arachnoid and pia mater combined

36
Q

What is the falx cerebri?

A

the layer of meninges located in between the two hemispheres

37
Q

What is the tentorium cerebelli?

A

the layer of meninges located in between the cerebrum and the cerebellum

38
Q

What is the dorsal sagittal sinus?

A

it is where the falx cerebri of noth the right and left meed

39
Q

What circulates in the dorsal saggital sinus?

A

cerebrospinal fluid

40
Q

What is the rhinencephalon for?

A

olfaction

41
Q

Which cranial nerve is for olfaction?

A

CN I - olfactory nerve

42
Q

What is the origin of the olfactory nerve?

A

olfactory cells of the olfactory epithelium

43
Q

Where do the olfactory axons terminate?

A

in the olfactory bulb

44
Q

What is the olfactory tract?

A

the communication between the olfactory bulb and the piriform lobe

45
Q

What are the derivatives of the diencephalon?

A

thalamus, epithalamus, and hypothalamus

46
Q

What is the epithalamus also known as?

A

the pineal gland

47
Q

What is the pineal gland?

A

an endocrine structure that releases melatonin in response to darkness

48
Q

Where is the pineal gland located?

A

caudodorsal to the thalamus

49
Q

What is the hypothalamus made up of?

A

multiple nuclei

50
Q

What is the hypophysis?

A

the pituitary

51
Q

What is the thalamus made up of?

A

a group of bilateral nuclei

52
Q

What does the thalamus do?

A

integrates sensory and motor information

53
Q

What nuclei are located in the thalamus?

A

lateral and medial geniculate nuclei

54
Q

What type of information is associated with the lateral geniculate nuclei?

A

visual information - it gets it form the retina

55
Q

What type of information is associated with the medial geniculate nuclei?

A

auditory information - motor, somatic, and visceral

56
Q

When sending information to the brain, what does everything stop at?

A

the thalamus

57
Q

What are the only signals that bypass the thalamus to get to the cortex?

A

olfactory signals

58
Q

What is the origin of the optic nerve?

A

axons of retinal ganglion cells

59
Q

What does the optic nerve do?

A

carries visual information from the eye to the lateral geniculate nucleus

60
Q

Information from the right eye goes to which side of the brain?

A

the left and right side

61
Q

What tests can you do check the function of the optic nerve?

A

pupillary light reflex, visual reflex, and the menace response

62
Q

What is a direct response to the pupillary light reflex?

A

pupil constriction of the eye that the light is directly shone in

63
Q

What is the indirect response to the pupillary light reflex?

A

pupil constriction of the eye that the light is not shone in

64
Q

How should an animal respond when using the visual reflex test?

A

they should turn their head towards the thing in their peripheral vision

Neuroanatomy Lecture (17 decks)

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