Anatomy of the Canine Brain

Question 1

What does the neural tube form from?

Answer 1

neuroectoderm

Question 2

Which portion of the neural tube grows more?

Answer 2

the anterior portion

Question 3

Which portion of the neural tube becomes the brain?

Answer 3

the anterior portion

Question 4

What structures are dervied from the telencephalon?

Answer 4

cerebrum and rhinencephalon

Question 5

What structure seperates both hemispheres of the brain?

Answer 5

the longitudinal fissure

Question 6

What gyri are located on the lateral side of the brain?

Answer 6

sylvian, ectosylvian, and suprasylvian gyri

Question 7

What sensory regions are located within the ectosylvian gyrus?

Answer 7

somesthetic and auditory

Question 8

What sensory regions are located in the suprasylvian gyrus?

Answer 8

somesthetic and motor

Question 9

What gyrus is located on the caudal portion of the brain?

Answer 9

the occipital gyrus

Question 10

What sensory region is located in the occipital gyrus?

Answer 10

the visual region

Question 11

What gyri are located on the dorsal side of the brain?

Answer 11

the precruciate and postcruciate gyri

Question 12

What sensory regions are located in the postcruciate gyri?

Answer 12

somesthetic and motor

Question 13

What are the lobes of the cerebrum?

Answer 13

temporal, frontal, parietal, occipital, and piriform

Question 14

What structures make up gray matter?

Answer 14

cell bodies, dendrites, axons, glia, and capillaries

Question 15

What structures make up white matter?

Answer 15

axons, glia, and capillaries

Question 16

Is the cerebral cortex located in the grey or white matter?

Answer 16

grey

Question 17

Is the basal nuclei located in the grey or white matter?

Answer 17

grey

Question 18

Is the corpus callosum located in the grey or white matter?

Answer 18

white

Question 19

What is the function of the corpus callosum?

Answer 19

it carries information from the right side of the cerebrum to the left side and vice versa

Question 20

Is the internal capsule located in the grey or white matter?

Answer 20

white

Question 21

What is the internal capsule made up of?

Answer 21

afferent and efferent fibers

Question 22

Where does information flow within a neuron?

Answer 22

to dendrites and out at the axon terminal

Question 23

What does the presynaptic part of a neuron do?

Answer 23

it sends information to another neuron

Question 24

What does the postsynaptic part of a neuron do?

Answer 24

it recieves information from another neuron

Question 25

What do afferent fibers do?

Answer 25

they bring sensory information to the brain or from one brain structure to antoher

Question 26

What do efferent fibers do?

Answer 26

they send motor information to the brain or from one brain structure to another

Question 27

How many processes at the cell body are there in unipolar neurons?

Answer 27

one

Question 28

What type of neurons are unipolar neurons?

Answer 28

sensory

Question 29

How many processes at the cell body are there in bipolar neurons?

Answer 29

two

Question 30

What type of neurons are bipolar neurons?

Answer 30

sensory

Question 31

How many processes at the cell body are there in multipolar neurons?

Answer 31

many

Question 32

What type of neurons are multipolar neurons?

Answer 32

sensory and motor

Question 33

What are the three layers of the meninges?

Answer 33

dura mater, arachnoid, and pia mater

Question 34

What is located in between the arachnoid and pia mater?

Answer 34

the subarachnoid space

Question 35

What is the leptomenengies?

Answer 35

the arachnoid and pia mater combined

Question 36

What is the falx cerebri?

Answer 36

the layer of meninges located in between the two hemispheres

Question 37

What is the tentorium cerebelli?

Answer 37

the layer of meninges located in between the cerebrum and the cerebellum

Question 38

What is the dorsal sagittal sinus?

Answer 38

it is where the falx cerebri of noth the right and left meed

Question 39

What circulates in the dorsal saggital sinus?

Answer 39

cerebrospinal fluid

Question 40

What is the rhinencephalon for?

Answer 40

olfaction

Question 41

Which cranial nerve is for olfaction?

Answer 41

CN I - olfactory nerve

Question 42

What is the origin of the olfactory nerve?

Answer 42

olfactory cells of the olfactory epithelium

Question 43

Where do the olfactory axons terminate?

Answer 43

in the olfactory bulb

Question 44

What is the olfactory tract?

Answer 44

the communication between the olfactory bulb and the piriform lobe

Question 45

What are the derivatives of the diencephalon?

Answer 45

thalamus, epithalamus, and hypothalamus

Question 46

What is the epithalamus also known as?

Answer 46

the pineal gland

Question 47

What is the pineal gland?

Answer 47

an endocrine structure that releases melatonin in response to darkness

Question 48

Where is the pineal gland located?

Answer 48

caudodorsal to the thalamus

Question 49

What is the hypothalamus made up of?

Answer 49

multiple nuclei

Question 50

What is the hypophysis?

Answer 50

the pituitary

Question 51

What is the thalamus made up of?

Answer 51

a group of bilateral nuclei

Question 52

What does the thalamus do?

Answer 52

integrates sensory and motor information

Question 53

What nuclei are located in the thalamus?

Answer 53

lateral and medial geniculate nuclei

Question 54

What type of information is associated with the lateral geniculate nuclei?

Answer 54

visual information - it gets it form the retina

Question 55

What type of information is associated with the medial geniculate nuclei?

Answer 55

auditory information - motor, somatic, and visceral

Question 56

When sending information to the brain, what does everything stop at?

Answer 56

the thalamus

Question 57

What are the only signals that bypass the thalamus to get to the cortex?

Answer 57

olfactory signals

Question 58

What is the origin of the optic nerve?

Answer 58

axons of retinal ganglion cells

Question 59

What does the optic nerve do?

Answer 59

carries visual information from the eye to the lateral geniculate nucleus

Question 60

Information from the right eye goes to which side of the brain?

Answer 60

the left and right side

Question 61

What tests can you do check the function of the optic nerve?

Answer 61

pupillary light reflex, visual reflex, and the menace response

Question 62

What is a direct response to the pupillary light reflex?

Answer 62

pupil constriction of the eye that the light is directly shone in

Question 63

What is the indirect response to the pupillary light reflex?

Answer 63

pupil constriction of the eye that the light is not shone in

Question 64

How should an animal respond when using the visual reflex test?

Answer 64

they should turn their head towards the thing in their peripheral vision