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Neuroanatomy Lecture > Somatosensory > Flashcards

Somatosensory Flashcards

1
Q

What are the primary sensory neurons for pain and temperature?

A

neurons of the dorsal root ganglia

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2
Q

What are the sensory projection neurons for pain and temperature?

A

neurons of the dorsal horn nucleus

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3
Q

Where are the sensory ascending tracts located for pain and temperature?

A

in the the lateral funiculus

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4
Q

What do the sensory ascending tracts in the lateral funiculus communicate with?

A

the lateral cervical nucleus

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5
Q

What is the destination for sensory innervation for pain and temperature?

A

somatosensory areas of the cerebral cortex via the thalamus

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6
Q

What does a free nerve ending sense?

A

pain and temperature

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7
Q

Where are free nerve endings located?

A

in the epidermis

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8
Q

What does a hair follicle terminal sense?

A

touch

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9
Q

Where is a hair follicle terminal located?

A

it is attached to the hair follicle in the dermis

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10
Q

What does Merkel’s corpuscle sense?

A

touch and pressure

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11
Q

Where are Merkel’s corpuscles located?

A

in the junction between the dermis and epidermis

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12
Q

What does Meissner’s corpuscle sense?

A

touch and vibration

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13
Q

Where is Meissner’s corpuscle located?

A

in the dermis in the dermal papilla

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14
Q

Where is the lateral cervical nucleus located?

A

adjacent to the dorsal horn of C1-C2

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15
Q

What senses does the lateral cervical nucleus mediate?

A

pain, temperature, and touch modalities

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16
Q

What type of tract is the spinothalamic tract?

A

ascending tract

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17
Q

What does the spinothalamic tract sense?

A

somatic and visceral pain, temperature, and touch

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18
Q

What type of tract is the spinocervicothalamic tract?

A

ascending tract

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19
Q

What does the spinocervicothalamic tract sense?

A

somatic pain and touch

20
Q

What is the destination for the spinothalamic and spinocervicothalamic tracts?

A

somatosensory areas located in the post cruciate gyrus, rostral suprasylvian gyrus, and rostral ectosylvian gyrus

21
Q

What is a dermatome?

A

the area of the skin innervated by sensory fibers of a single dorsal root that is mapped on the somesthetic area of the cerebral cortex

22
Q

What is proprioception?

A

sense of position, direction, and velocity of movement

23
Q

What structures are proprioceptors?

A

muscle spindle, golgi-tendon organ, and pacinian and Ruffini’s corpuscles

24
Q

What do muscle spindles sense?

A

changes in length of muscle fibers

25
Q

What do golgi-tendon organs sense?

A

changes in muscle tension

26
Q

What do Pacinian and Ruffini’s corpuscles do?

A

sense joint movement

27
Q

Where are Pacinian and Ruffini’s corpuscles located?

A

in joint capsules

28
Q

Where are muscle spindles located?

A

in the perimysium

29
Q

What part of the brain do proprioceptive signals go to?

A

the cerebrum and the cerebellum

30
Q

What is propioception essential for?

A

regulation of posture and movement

31
Q

What systems are required for proprioceptive positioning test?

A

sensory and motor systems

32
Q

What side of the body do proprioceptive signals of the cerebrum communicate with?

A

the contralateral side

33
Q

What side of the body do proprioceptive signals of the cerebellum communicate with?

A

the ipsilateral side

34
Q

Where are the ascending systems for proprioception located (area for thoracic and pelvic)?

A

from C1-T5 and caudal to T5

35
Q

What does the ascending system from C1-T5 control?

A

cervical-upper thoracic area and thoracic limbs

36
Q

What does the ascending system caudal to T5 control?

A

the trunk, pelvic limbs, and tail

37
Q

What spinal nuclei mediate proprioception?

A

dorsal horn sensory nuclei and nucleus thoracicus

38
Q

Where is nucleus thoracicus located?

A

in T1-L4 cord segments at the base of the dorsal horn

39
Q

What ascending tracts are associated with proprioception for the cervical/upper thoracic areas and the thoracic limbs?

A

fasciculus cuneatus and spinocuneocerebellar tract

40
Q

Where are the fasciculus cuneatus and the spinocuneocerebellar tract located?

A

in the dorsal funiculus

41
Q

What does the fasciculus cuneatus go to?

A

the cerebrum of the contralateral side

42
Q

What does the spinocuneocerebellar tract go to?

A

the cerebellum of the ipsilateral side

43
Q

What primary sensory neurons for the trunk and pelvic limbs are associated with proprioception?

A

DRG neurons

44
Q

What tracts are associated with proprioception for the trunk and pelvic limbs?

A

spinomedullary tract and dorsal spinocerebellar tract

45
Q

Where are the spinomedullary and dorsal spinocerebellar tracts located?

A

in the lateral funiculus

46
Q

What does the spinomedullary tract go to?

A

the cerebrum of the contralateral side

47
Q

What does the dorsal spinocerebellar tract go to?

A

the cerebellum of the ipsilateral side

Neuroanatomy Lecture (17 decks)

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