anatomy of the nervous system

Question 1

which components make up of CNS

Answer 1

skull and spinal cord

Question 2

which components make up the PNS

Answer 2

Outside the skull and spine

Question 3

define neuoanatomy

Answer 3

structures of the brain

Question 4

state 2 divisions of the PNS and their functions

Answer 4

1. somatic - interact with external environment

2. autonomic - regulate internal environment

Question 5

what is the function of afferent and efferent nerves in the somatic system

Answer 5

afferent - signla from skin to CNS

efferent - signal from CNS to muscles

Question 6

how many cranial nerves in the spinal cord

Answer 6

12

Question 7

what is the function of cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 7

protection

Question 8

what is the function of the dorsal root

Answer 8

afferent nerves signals of sensory information

Question 9

what is the function of the ventral root

Answer 9

efferent nerves signals of motor information

Question 10

what is the function of afferent and efferent nerves in the autonomic nervous system

Answer 10

afferent - sensory signals from organs - cns

efferent - motor signals from CNS to organs

Question 11

what does evolution help us to explain in regards to neuroanatomy

Answer 11

changes in brain size and brain proprotions

Question 12

what is the function of the limbic system

Answer 12

motivated behaviour eg. feeding/ fighting

Question 13

what is the role of the nucleus accumbens

Answer 13

rewarding effects of addictive behaviours

Question 14

which components of the basal ganglia form the striatum

Answer 14

caudate and putamen

Question 15

state the 2 brain regions in the forebrain

Answer 15

1. diencephalon

2. telencephalon

Question 16

state the brain regions that compose the diencephalon

Answer 16

1. hypothalamus

2. thalamus

Question 17

what is the function of the thalamus

Answer 17

relay structure from basal ganglia and cerebellum to the cortex

Question 18

what is the function of specific and non specific nuceli in the thalamus

Answer 18

specific nuclei- signal from cortex to all sensations

non specific nuclei- regulate sleep and arousal

Question 19

what is the function of the hypothalamus

Answer 19

regulate hormone release and regulated motivated behaviours

Question 20

which brain region makes up the telecephalon

Answer 20

cerebral cortex

Question 21

what is the role of convulations

Answer 21

increase amount of space in the cerebral cortex

Question 22

what is the techical name of large and small furrows

Answer 22

large furrows - fissures

small furrows - gyri

Question 23

which 4 lobes is the central and lateral fissure divided into

Answer 23

temporal, occipital, parietal and frontal lobes

Question 24

what are the function of the 4 lobes

Answer 24

frontal - motor function
parietal - process visual and sensory info
temporal - hearing and language
occipital - visual input to guide behaviour

Question 25

which brain region makes up the midbrain

Answer 25

mesencephalon

Question 26

what 2 divisions make up the mesencephalon

Answer 26

tectum and tegmentum

Question 27

which 3 colourful structures make up the tegmentum

Answer 27

red nucleus substantia nigra periaqueductal gray (grey matter)

Question 28

what is the function of the periaqueductal gray

Answer 28

role in defensive behaviour

Question 29

what is the role of the red nucleus

Answer 29

projections of motor control to spinal cord

Question 30

which brain region is the substantia nigra part of

Answer 30

basal ganglia

Question 31

which 2 components make up the tectum

Answer 31

superior and inferior colliculus

Question 32

what is the function of the tectum

Answer 32

visual and auditory frequency maps

Question 33

what are the characteristics of the superior colliculus

Answer 33

posterior bumps | sensitive to changes to motor or vision

Question 34

what are the characteristics of the inferior colliculus

Answer 34

anterior bumps | sensitive to changes in auditory info

Question 35

which brain regions make up the hind brain

Answer 35

metencephalon and myelencephalon

Question 36

which brain region is linked with the metencephalon

Answer 36

pons and cerebellum

Question 37

what is the role of the pons

Answer 37

relay info from cortex to cerebellum

Question 38

what is the role of the cerebellum

Answer 38

control of movement and process of motor learning

Question 39

which brain region is linked with the myelencephalon

Answer 39

medulla

Question 40

what is the function of the medulla

Answer 40

autonomic and sensorimotor control | sleep and motor movements

Question 41

what is the medulla composed of

Answer 41

tracts carrying signals to rest of body

Question 42

what is the largest part of the brain

Answer 42

cerebral cortex

Question 43

which systems generate the defense output

Answer 43

motor, autonomic and endocrine systems

Question 44

what is the impact of increasing detecting complex behaviour

Answer 44

requires increased complex processing and more complex neural systems

Question 45

what is the advanatage of preserving brain architecture

Answer 45

promote survival