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Anatomy > Anatomy Test #3 lecture #8 > Flashcards

Anatomy Test #3 lecture #8 Flashcards

1
Q

Anterior Cervical Triangle

A

Body of Mandible (top)
Sternocleidomastoid (lateral)
Midline of the Neck (medial)

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2
Q

Infrahyoid muscles

A

Omohyoid- Sup. Belly
Omohyoid- Inf. Belly
Sternohyoid ( runs vertically with omohyoids, just more medially)
Thyrohyoid (deep)
Sternothyroid (sternum to thyroid cartilage)

head goes forward then it snaps back (car accident)

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3
Q

infra hyoid muscles

A

bring throat back in after swolling

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4
Q

infrahyoid muscles innervation

A

Ansa Cervicalis (C1-C3)
Supplies 3 Infrahyoid Muscles
Exception: Thyrohyoid-C1 via the Hypoglossal Nerve

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5
Q

cervical plexus

A 
Ansa Cervicalis (C1-C3)
Lesser Occipital N.
Greater Auricular N.
Transverse Cervical N.
Supraclavicular N.
Phrenic Nerve (C3-C5)
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6
Q

Supraclavicular N.

A

general sensation to the area….?

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7
Q

phrenic nerve

A

“the most important nerve in the body”
mixed nerve supplied by C3, C4, C5
supplies the diaphragm, which does 80-85% of the breathing

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8
Q

visceral structures are covered with

A

with Pre-Tracheal Fascia

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9
Q

thyroid gland issmus

A

goes back and forth between the two thyroid lobes

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10
Q

Contents of the Carotid Sheath (Derived from Pre-tracheal Fascia)

A

Internal Jugular Vein (most lateral)
vagus nerve (CN X) (between and behind)
Common carotid artery (most medial)

kind of make a triangle

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11
Q

which structures are covered with Pre-Tracheal Fascia

A

-covers thyroid, larynx, IJV, common carotid artery, vagus nerve, lower portion of pharynx, cervical portion of esophagus and Trachea-Cervical Portion

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12
Q

describe the thyroid

A

thyroid gland is lobulated, has two lateral lobes, and has an issmus between the two

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13
Q

what is the function of the parathyroid gland?

A

regulate blood calcium
Secretes PTH (Parathyroid Hormone)- tells bones to release calcium back into the blood
if not enough, they contract

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14
Q

ANTERIOR TRIANGLE

A

mandible (top and base)
midline of neck (medial side)
sternocleidomastoid (lateral side)

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15
Q

Submental Triangle

A

Ant. Belly of Digastric, Hyoid body (line down middle to make right/left triangles.), then the anterior belly of the digastric forms each side of the triangle.
-Contents: mylohyoid and submental lymph nodes, geniohyoids, external jugular vein

Subdivision of the Anterior Cervical Triangle

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16
Q

Carotid Triangle

A

SCM, stylohyoid, post. Belly of the digastric, sup. Belly of omohyoid
- Contents: common carotid artery and its bifurcation, internal jugular vein, vagus nerve, carotid sheath, and first 5 branches of the external carotid artery

Subdivision of the Anterior Cervical Triangle

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17
Q

Muscular Triangle

A

sup. Belly of the omohyoid, SCM, imaginary line down median aspect of neck.
- Infrahyoid muscles, thyroid gland (and parathyroids) with blood supply and venous drainage, cervical portion of the trachea, pre-tracheal fascia

Subdivision of the Anterior Cervical Triangle

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18
Q

Muscular Triangle

A

sup. Belly of the omohyoid, SCM, imaginary line down median aspect of neck.
- Infrahyoid muscles, thyroid gland (and parathyroids) with blood supply and venous drainage, cervical portion of the trachea, pre-tracheal fascia

Subdivision of the Anterior Cervical Triangle

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19
Q

Contents of the Carotid Sheath : what happens to the common carotid artery here?

A

Bifurcations of both Common Carotid Arteries (arteries going up)
External Carotid Artery (runs in anterior)
Internal Carotid Artery (runs posterior)

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20
Q

Carotid Sinus

A

a bulging of the common carotid
Wall contains Baroreceptors
-Baroreceptors monitor BP (blood pressure)

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21
Q 
What do the  first 5 of 8 External Carotid Artery branches supply:
Superior Thyroid Artery
Ascending Pharyngeal artery
Lingual artery 
Facial Artery 
Occipital artery
A

Superior Thyroid Artery- supplies thyroid gland
Ascending Pharyngeal artery- supplies pharynx/ throat
Lingual artery- supplies tongue
Facial Artery - supplies face
Occipital artery - supplies back of your head

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22
Q

does internal carotid artery have any branches in neck?

A

no

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23
Q

Right subclavian artery comes from

A

From: Brachiocephalic Trunk (BCT)

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24
Q

left subclavian artery comes from

A

From: Aortic Arch.

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25
Internal Jugular Veins combine with Subclavian Veins to form:
Left & Right Brachiocephalic Veins (BCV)
26
brachialcephalic veins drain into
superior vena cava
27
anterior jugular vein drains, and they terminate in
the area under your chin | they terminate in the external jugular vein
28
where does common carotid bifurcate?
at about the top of your voice box, larynx
29
the internal carotid artery runs
posterior
30
the external caroitid artery runs
anterior
31
anterior branch of external carotid artery includes
1. ) superior thyroid artery-along with the inferior thyroid, supplies the thyroid gland 2. ) lingual artery- runs under the hyoglossus muscle and supplies the tongue 3. ) fascial artery- - runs in the submandibular triangle to supply the external portion of the face
32
posterior branch of external carotid artery includes
1. ) occipital artery- runs posterior and upward to supply the back of the head 2. ) posterior auricular artery- runs posterior and behind the ear
33
middle branch of external carotid artery includes
1. ) ascending pharyngeal- ascends deeply on the pharyngeal wall 2. ) superficial temporal- (terminal branch) runs superficially over the temporal area 3. ) maxillary artery (deep in cheek)- courses deep and is the only branch of the external carotid artery that gives rise to a branch that enters the skull (middle meningeal artery) (Netter: 39) via the infratemporal fossa (Netter: 39). The maxillary artery enters the infratemporal fossa and gives of some 17 branches that supply the muscles of mastication, the nasal cavity and head and external structures.
34
philtrim
the depression that exists above upper lip, and the two ridges on either side
35
superior labial frenulum
connects upper lip to upper gum
36
inferior labial frenulum
connects lower lip to lower gum
37
Lips blend with
Blend with skin externally | Blend with mucosa internally
38
Lips:
2 Angles of the Mouth Labial commissures Orbicularis Oris
39
mouth by definition begins and ends where?
begins at your lips Ends at the Palatoglossal Folds
40
Oral Cavity Proper
portion of the mouth inside the teeth & gums -towards the back Palate Tongue
41
Buccal Cavity-portion of the mouth between:
Gums/Teeth & Lips Anteriorly | Gums/Teeth & Cheeks laterally
42
Cheeks-Formed by the
Buccinator (pronounced buxinator) | -outside is skin, inside is mucosa of cheeck
43
Buccinator is innervated by
Innervation: CN VII
44
Pterygomandibular raphe
between Superior Pharyngeal Constrictor & Buccinator
45
Mouth boundaries
Roof: Hard & Soft Palates Floor: Tongue Subfloor-Lingual Frenulum & Sublingual Folds
46
what supplies General sensation to the mouth?
``` Trigeminal Nerve (V2 & V3): V2 supplies palate and upper teeth and gums (alveoli- the sockets the teeth fit into) V3 supplies lower teeth and gums (alveoli), subfloor, and anterior 2/3 tongue ```
47
Tongue and Palate contain glands that secrete mucus
helps food go down easier
48
Teeth- how many baby? how many permanent?
20 Deciduous Teeth (baby) | 32 Permanent Teeth (permanent)
49
Describe the adult upper and middle teeth
Adult: Upper & Lower = the same 4 incisors -in the front 2 canines - behind the incisors (one on each side) 4 premolars- behind the canines ( 2 on each side) 6 molars- so three on each side (label most ant-> post)
50
what is your wisdom tooth?
3rd molar
51
How many teeth on top? Bottom?
16 on top, 16 on bottom
52
``` Mouth parts Body (Blade) Median Furrow Root with Lingual Tonsil Foramen Cecum ```
Body (Blade) Median Furrow (the line down the middle of the tongue) Root(towards the back) with Lingual Tonsil Foramen Cecum - the little depression between the body and root of the tongue
53
3 types of Papillae of the tongue
Circumvalate (between ant and post portion of tongue) Fungiform (lateral parts of tongue) Filiform (all over the tongue)
54
What are papillae of tongue?
tastebuds
55
Tongue Muscles (Covered by Mucosa)- two groups and how many in each group?
``` Intrinsic Muscles (3 groups) Extrinsic Muscles (4 pairs) ```
56
Intrinsic Muscles of tongue names
Longitudinal- decrease length, increase width Transverse- increase length, decrease width Vertical- smooshes it and makes it wide
57
intrinsic muscles of the tongue function
Alter the shape of the tongue
58
extensor muscle of the tongue
a. Genioglossus – stick out tongue b. Hyoglossus – depresses tongue “ahhhh” c. Styloglossus – creates funnel d. Palatoglossus – initiates swallowing (CN X)
59
muscles of tongue are innervated by? with the exception of which muscle which is supplied by...
Motor Innervations: Hypoglossal N. (CN XII, 12) | Exception: Palatoglossus-Vagus N. (CN X)
60
General Sensation to Anterior 2/3 of tongue
CN V. (5) V3 via the Lingual Nerve
61
Taste to Anterior 2/3 of tongue
CN VII Chorda Tympani Nerve
62
Taste & Gen. Sensation to Posterior 1/3 of tongue:
Glossopharyngeal-CN IX Lingual Branch
63
3 Pairs of Salivary Glands
Parotid-2 (biggest) Submandibular-2 Sublingual-2
64
parotid duct
comes own of parotid gland Crosses the Masseter Pierces the Buccinator Opens into the buccal cavity by the 2nd upper molar tooth.
65
Parotid - how does it drain into the mouth and what nerve?
drains into the mouth via the parotid duct, which opens into the buccal cavity opposite the upper second molar tooth; CN IX
66
Submandibular - drains into mouth via ? What nerve?
drains into the mouth at the sublingual caruncle via the submandibular duct, which may be seen coursing over the mylohyoid muscle and passing over the lingual nerve; CN VII via corda tympani branch
67
Sublingual - drains into mouth via? What nerve?
drains into the mouth (below the tongue) via numerous sublingual ducts in the sublingual folds. CN VII via corda ttympani branch.
68
Lingual Frenulum | Note: Sublingual Caruncles
thin piece of tissue that joins tongue to the subfloor. sublingual caruncles-the thick part that has a little tiny openings on each side... these are sublingual ducts. When you open mouth and squirt stuff out
69
Hard Palate is formed by
Palatine Process of the Maxillary Bone | Horizontal Plate of the Palatine Bone
70
Incisive Fossa is for the
Nasopalatine Nerve (V2). Supplies sensation for inferior portion of septum
71
anastomosis in the nose nerves is between which two?
Nasopalatine Nerve (V2) & Greater Palatine N (hard palate) as they pass the incisive fossa
72
What happens when the maxilla does not close along the midline?
cleft lip, and cleft pallate
73
Soft Palate is
Skeletal Muscles, covered by Mucosa
74
Soft Palate (5 Pairs of Muscles)
``` Levator Veli Palatini Tensor Veli Palatini Palatopharyngeus Palatoglossus Musculus Uvuli ```
75
Tensor veli palatini –
originates from Eustactian tube, around HAMULUS (of | medial pterygoid) and join in middle at palatine aponeurosis. Compacts food for easier swallowing.
76
Levator veli palatini –
elevates palate. Acts as valve to close off oral pharynx from nasal pharynx.
77
Palatopharyngeus –
funnels food for swallowing
78
Palatoglossus –
lift the tongue to push food to back of throat…iniates swallowing.
79
Musculus uvuli –
main part of valve, actual part that closes off nasal passage.
80
The soft palate has 4 anatomical landmarks associated with it
1. Palatoglossal fold (arch) - runs from the soft palate to the tongue; helps narrow entrance to make it easier to swallow 2. Palatopharyngeal fold (arch) - runs from the soft palate to the pharynx; helps narrow entrance to make it easier to swallow 3. Uvula - hangs down in the oropharyngeal orifice from the soft palate. Makes sure food doesn't go up and out your nose 4. Palatine Tonsils
81
soft palate of tongue is innervated by *note exception
Innervations: Vagus Nerve Exception: Tensor Veli Palatini is innervated by branches of V3
82
Soft Palate and hard palate-General Sensation
V2 Branches Greater Palatine Nerve = General Sensation to the Hard Palate Lesser Palatine Nerve = General Sensation to the Soft Palate
83
_____ supplies blood the Hard Palate | ____ supplies blood to the Soft Palate
Greater Palatine Artery = hard palate | Lesser Palatine Artery = soft palate
84
Palatopharyngeal fold (arch) is behind the
Palatoglossal fold (arch)
85
tonsillar arches (or fauces) are the
Palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal folds
86
tonsillar recess
Palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal folds

Anatomy (23 decks)

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