ANEMIA HEMOLÍTICA HEREDITARIA (AHH) Flashcards

1
Q

Esferocitos hereditaria

A
  • Esferocitos = eritrocitos celulares, no bicóncavos
  • Grados variables de hemólisis y esplenomegalia
  • Trastorno hereditario, autosómico dominante
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2
Q

causas

A
  • Por defectos en la membrana
  • Por defectos en la estructura Hb
  • Déficit de enzimas glucolíticas
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3
Q

MA

A

Perdida progresiva de la membrana
o Forma esférica (+ viscosidad = - flexibilidad )
o Alta permeabilidad de la membrana al Na2 y al H2O (Fragilidad osmótica)
o Trastorno en las proteínas de la membrana

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4
Q

Cxcx

A
  • Anemia
  • Ictericia
  • Esplenomegalia (Mide la gravedad de la anemia)
  • Crisis hemolíticas desencadenadas por infecciones
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5
Q

Dx

A
  • Aumento de LDH
  • Aumento de bilirrubina indirecta
  • Reticulocitosis
  • Aumento de HbCM
  • Disminución de niveles de VCM
  • Frotis
  • Prueba de la fragilidad osmótica
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6
Q

Frotis

A

o Policromasia
o Poiquilocitosis
o Anisocitosis

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7
Q

Tx

A
  • Esplenectomía *
  • Vacuna
  • Ácido fólico
    Niños 2.5 mg/día
    Adultos 5.0 mg/día
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8
Q

Complicaciones

A
  • Colecistitis
  • Mielopatía espinal similar a EM
  • Miocardiopatía
  • Úlceras maleolares
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9
Q
A
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