anesthesia

Question 1

loss of sensation in a focused area of the body
- used for minor procedures such as sutures

Answer 1

local anesthesia

Question 2

loss of sensation in a body region
- used in dental procedures

Answer 2

regional anesthesia

Question 3

systemic; loss of consciousness and combines many drugs for an optimal effect
- used for major procedures such as abdominal surgery

Answer 3

general anesthesia

Question 4

systemic; low level sedation to maintain VS without intubation

Answer 4

monitored anesthesia care (MAC)

Question 5

sleepy, able to awaken, able to respond when prompted, maintain VS without assistance

Answer 5

conscious sedation

Question 6

sedation of a patient for the purposes of a medical procedure/intervention

Answer 6

anesthesia

Question 7

“sodium channel blockers”
- impede action potential so cell cannot depolarize leading to decreased sensory impulses to other cells
- work on efferent and afferent pathways
- lipophilic, cleared by circulation, no BBB significance
“caine”

Answer 7

local anesthetics

Question 8

prilocaine, lidocaine, bupivacaine, ropivacaine

Answer 8

local anesthetics

Question 9

shortest acting local anesthetic

Answer 9

lidocaine

Question 10

long acting local anesthetic

Answer 10

bupivacaine

Question 11

SC injection of local anesthetic into the tissue

Answer 11

infiltration

Question 12

injection near a large nerve bundle but not directly in it

Answer 12

Nerve block

Question 13

localizes vasoconstriction which controls bleeding and increases duration of the anesthetic

Answer 13

epinephrine

Question 14

neutralization of tissue in case of bacterial infection

Answer 14

sodium bicarbonate

Question 15

injection of anesthetic into epidural space; location ensured by no CSF return
- loss of sensation to periphery innervated by the spinal nerve
- onset in 20 to 30 min
- continuous infusion via indwelling catheter

Answer 15

Epidural

Question 16

delivered directly into CSF (subarachnoid space); location ensured by CSF presence in draw back
- always inject below L2
- quick onset

Answer 16

spinal “intrathecal” route

Question 17

hypertonic anesthetic

Answer 17

will go lower because its heavier

Question 18

hypotonic anesthetic

Answer 18

will go higher because its lighter

Question 19

good analgesia but wont feel euphoric
- depressive symptomologies
- good for patients with previous addictions

Answer 19

dilaudid

Question 20

“ane”; decrease action potentials and increase GABA

Answer 20

inhaled general anesthetics

Question 21

Nitrous oxide (laughing gas), halothane, isoflurane

Answer 21

inhaled general anesthetics

Question 22

propofol (diprivan)

Answer 22

barbituate-like
- increase GABA, rapid onset, short 1/2 life, intubation necessary along with VS support

Question 23

“nium”; block Ach binding at nicotinic receptors (SNS, PNS, skeletal muscle junctions)
- no BBB penetration
- muscle paralysis
- rapid onset

Answer 23

neuromuscular blocking agents

Question 24

vecuronium, rocuronium, pancuronium, succinylcholine, botox

Answer 24

neuromuscular blocking agents

Question 25

ketamine, benzodiazepines (midazolam)

Answer 25

conscious sedation