Aneurysm Flashcards
1
Q
Definition
A
Dilation of all the layers of the aorta- increase in diameter by over 50%
2
Q
Aetiology
A
- atherosclerosis
- genetic e.g. Marfan’s
- connective tissue disorder
3
Q
Risk factors?
A
- Male
- Age
- Diabetic
- hyperlipidemia
- smoker
- hypertension
- family history- over 30% of men
4
Q
Signs
A
- distal embolisation
- aortocaval fistula
- aortoenteric fistula
- duodenum occlusion
- uterine occlusion
5
Q
Pending rupture symptoms
A
- back pain
- tender AAA
6
Q
Ruptured symptoms
A
- back, abdominal pain
- hypoperfusion
- hemodynamic instability- usually associated with a low BP, does not meet organ perfusion supply
- painful pulsatile mass
7
Q
Treatment
A
- open repair
- endovascular repair
8
Q
Screening of aortic aneurysm and response according to findings
A
offered to over 65 men
- small aneurysm: 3.0-4.4 cm: yearly USS
- medium aneurysm: 4.5- 5.5 cm: 3 month USS
- large aneurysm: > 5.5 cm- surgery
9
Q
Open repair
A
- incision at abdomen
- catheter guided to aneurysm
- aorta clamped proximally
- graft connected to aorta and aneurysm removed
10
Q
Complications of open repair?
A
- embolisation- P.E., DVT, stroke, MI
- bleeding
- infection
- colon problems
- erectile dysfunction
- chest problems
11
Q
Endovascular repair
A
- minimally invasive surgery
- incision at femoral artery
- catheter guided to aneurysm
- fabric graft with metal stenting deployed
- blood will pass through graft rather than aneurysm
12
Q
complications
A
Endoleak: leakage of fluid out of graft infection of graft rupture of graft femoral artery dissection- pseudo aneurysm embolisation- P.E., DVT, stoke, MI femoral nerve damage
13
Q
Infra-renal aneurysm
A
in abdominal aorta below the kidneys
14
Q
Popliteal aneurysm
A
aneurysm in artery supplying the knee joint
15
Q
False femoral aneurysm
A
Femoral dissection related to complication in endovascular repair
Enlargement of only the outer layer of the vessel
