Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Question 1

Definition

Answer 1

Heart muscle failure which leads to thickening of the ventricle wall: can be apical,septal or generalised
Sarcomeres are added to existing ones In series
If there is a septal increase- increase in left ventricle outflow tract

Question 2

Causes

Answer 2

• Sarcomere gene defect
• Autosomal dominant but present in different forms
• can be monoallelic or diallelic

Question 3

Symptoms

Answer 3

• none
• palpitations
• SOB
• chest pain
• syncope
• left ventricular murmur
• increased JVP
• Irregular pulse
• Double impulse over apex beat

Question 4

Treatment

Answer 4

General measures: 
-avoid heavy exercise 
-Avoid dehydration 
Medication for relaxation of muscle :
-beta-blockers
-verapamil
-disopyrimadine 
Surgery:
-septal ablation 
-IVC