Treatment of cardiac failure Flashcards
1
Q
Treatment plan
A
- Furosemide +/- Thiazide
- ACEI
- ARB/ ARNI
- Aldesterone receptor inhibitor
- beta blocker +/- Ivabridine
- Digoxin -positive inotrope
- Warfarin
2
Q
Loop Diuretics: how do they work
A
- Reduce Nacl/H20 retention by blocking the Na-K- Cl system in the loop of Henle
- They work at a Low Glomerular filtration rate
- Used with thiazide in resistant patients
3
Q
ADRs in Loop Diuretics
A
- dehydration
- hypotension
- Gout
- Hyperkalemia
- Diabetes
4
Q
Drug-drug interactions
A
NSAIDs: liver toxicity Vancomycin: liver toxicity Aminoglucosides: renal toxicity +Aural toxicity Antihypertensives: Hypotension Lithium: renal toxicity
5
Q
ACEI inhibitors: main one
A
RAMIPRIL
6
Q
ARB
A
target AT1 receptors on angiotensin specifically
7
Q
Aldesterone receptor inhibitors: main one
A
Spironolactone
8
Q
ARNI
A
Prevents breakdown of ANPs/BNPs
Used with ARBs and Neprysil
9
Q
Beta blocker guidelines?
A
-never use until patient has stabilised
10
Q
Ivabridine
A
- used to decrease wave of depolarisation through SA node
- decreases heart rate
- does not decrease myocardial contractility
11
Q
Nitrovasodilators
A
-reduce preload and after load so decrease myocardial contractility of the heart
12
Q
Positive Inotrope: main one
A
Digoxin
13
Q
Positive Inotropes- how do they work?
A
increase the calcium content of the heart so more myocardial contractility
14
Q
main loop diuretic
A
Furosemide
15
Q
Which drugs inhibit the RAAS
A
- loop diuretics
- ACEI
- ARBs
- aldesterone receptor inhibitor
- ARNIs
