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Angiology & Neurology Flashcards

1
Q

What branches off the arch of the aorta?

A

Brachiocephalic Trunk, Left Common Carotid a. & left subclavian a.

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2
Q

What branches off brachiocephalic trunk

A

Right subclavian a.

Right common carotid a.

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3
Q

What branches off the left subclavian a.

From (left to right)

A 
Vertebral a.
Internal thoracic a. 
Thyrocervical trunk 
costocervivcal trunk 
Dorsal scapular a.
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4
Q

Formed by two branches from each vertebral a that unite in the midline
Produce sulcal a.

A

Anterior spinal A.

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5
Q

Supplies the anterior 2/3 of the spinal cord

A

Sulcal a.

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6
Q

Paired arteries from the veretebral a.

May arise from the posterior inferior cerebellar a.

A

Posterior spinal a.

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7
Q

What does the sulcal a. supply?

A

Anterior 2/3 of the spinal cord

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8
Q

The posterior spinal a. is supplied by

A

Posterior segmental medullary a.

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9
Q

Inferior thyroid a. supplies

A

Thyroid gland

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10
Q

Suprascapular a. supplies

A

Supraspinatus & infraspinatus Ms.

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11
Q

Deep cervical a. produces

A

Paraspinal a.

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12
Q

thryocervical trunk branches to

A

Inferior thyroid a.
Suprascapular a.
Transverse cervical a.

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13
Q

The transverse cervical a branches into

A

Superficial branch
Deep branch
If no branching occurs, it travels to deep surface of trapezius m.

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14
Q

Costocervical trunk branches into

A

Deep cervical a.

Supreme intercostal a.

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15
Q

Subscapular a. branches

A

Circumflex scapular a.

Thoracodorsal a.

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16
Q

What does the thoracodorsal a. supply

A

latissimus dorsi m.

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17
Q

Largest yet shortest branch of the axillary a.

A

Subscapular a.

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18
Q

Internal Iliac a. supplies

A

Pelvic viscera, gluteal region and perineum

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19
Q

Axillary a. branches

A 
Superior thoracic a.
Thoracoacromial trunk 
Lateral thoracic a.
Subscapular a. 
Anterior Circumflex Humeral a. 
Posterior Circumflex humeral a.
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20
Q

Thoracic Descending aorta branches

A

Posterior intercostal a.

Subcostal a.

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21
Q

Abdominal descending aorta branches

A

Lumbar a.

Common iliac a.

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22
Q

Paraspinal Arteries

A 
Dorsal branch
Equatorial branches
Periosteal branches
Spinal branches
Posterior vertebral canal branch 
Posterior radicular a. 
Anterior radicular a. 
Anterior vertebral canal branch 
Anterior spinal a. 
Anterior segmental medullary a. 
Posterior segmental medullary a.
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23
Q

Spinal branch branches

A 
Anterior vertebral canal branch
Posterior vertebral canal branch 
Anterior radicular a. 
Posterior radicular a. 
Anterior segmental medullary a. 
Posterior segmental medullary a. 
Great anterior segmental medullary a.
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24
Q

Anterior vertebral canal branch produce

A

Ascending and descending branches

Nutrient a.

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25
What do nutrient a. supply?
Marrow cavity of the vertebral body
26
Posterior vertebral canal branch supplies
Vertebral arch
27
Anterior radicular a. supplies
The ventral roots of the spinal nerves
28
Posterior radicular a. supplies
Dorsal roots of spinal nerve
29
Paraspinal arterial sources
``` Vertebral a. Ascending cervical a. Deep cervical a. Posterior intercostal a. Subcostal a. Lumbar a. Ilioumbar a. Lateral Sacral a. ```
30
Dorsal branch supplies
The spinous proesses with periosteal and nutrient branches
31
Equatorial branches supply
The vertebrae
32
Periosteal branches supply
The periostum of the vertebrae
33
Injury at what vertebrae causes no function below the head, respirator necessary for life.
C1-C3
34
Injury at what vertebrae causes no function on limbs, respiration capable
C4-C5
35
Injury at what vertebrae causes loss of hand and variable upper limb function, may be able to propel a wheelchair
C6-C8
36
Injury at what vertebrae cause paralysis of both lower limbs
T1-T9
37
Injury in what vertebrae causes some thigh muscle function , may allow walking with long leg braces
T10-L1
38
Injury to what vertebrae cause most lower limb function present, may be able to walk with short leg braces
L2-L3
39
Where on the spinal cord does the lumbosacral enlargement start & end
T11 - S2
40
Spinal meninges (3 layers of tissue that cover the spinal cord)
Spinal dura matar Spinal arachnoid matar Pia matar
41
What is the outermost tough covering of the spinal meninges
Dura matar
42
What is the thin membranous intermediate layer of the spinal meninges
Arachnoid matar
43
What is the thinnest innermost covering of the spinal cord meninges
Pia matar
44
Spinal dura matar layer consists of
``` Epidural space Dura-arachnoid interface Spinal dural sac Dural root sheath Filum terminale externum ```
45
What is cervical enlargement and where does it start & end
Swelling of the spinal cord | C4-T1
46
Part of Spinal arachnoid matar layer
Subarachnoid space Arachnoid trabeculae Lumbar cistern
47
Parts of pia matar layer
Denticulate L. | Filum terminale internum
48
Where is lumbar puncture inserted
L3/L4 or L4/L5
49
How many cervical spinal nerves
8
50
How many thoracic spinal nerves
12
51
How many lumbar nerves
5
52
How many sacral spinal nerves
5
53
How many coccygeal spinal nerves
1
54
Anterior Rami in Cervical Spinal Nerves
``` Cervical Plexus (C1-C4) Brachial Plexus (C5-T1) ```
55
Posterior Rami in the cervical spinal nerves
Suboccipital N. (C1) Great Occipital N. (C2) Least Occipital N. (C3)
56
Anterior Rami in Thoracic Spinal Nerves
``` Intercostal N. (T1-T11) Subcostal N (T12) ```
57
Which are atypical intercostal N.
T1, T2, & T7-11
58
Which are typical intercostal N
T3-T6
59
Anterior Rami in Lumbar Spinal Nerves
``` Lumbar Plexus (L1-L4) Lumbosacral trunk (some of L4 & all of L5) ```
60
Posterior Rami for Lumbar spinal nerves
Superior Cluneal N. (L1-3)
61
Anterior Rami for Sacral spinal nerves
``` Sacral plexus (L4-S4) Coccygeal PLexus (some of S4 & all of S5) ```
62
Posterior Rami of sacral spinal nerves
Middle Cluneal N . (S1-S3)
63
What is the cauda equina
Bundle of anterior and posterior roots from the lumbosacral enlargement and medullary cone
64
Medullary cone tapers off at ____ and ends at
T12 | L2
65
Back pain types
``` Fibroskeletal structures* Synovial Joints* Spinal Nerves & Nerve Roots Intrinsic Back Muscles Meninges ```
66
Fibroskeletal Structures innervated by
Recurrent Meningeal N.
67
Synovial Joints innervated by
Posterior rami
68
Joint pain is a result of
Osteoarthritis or disease arthritis
69
Fibroskeletal pain is usually a result
Of fractures & dislocation of ligamentous structures.

Anatomy (12 decks)

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